An optimal gap theorem

By solving the Cauchy problem for the Hodge-Laplace heat equation for $d$-closed, positive $(1, 1)$-forms, we prove an optimal gap theorem for K\"ahler manifolds with nonnegative bisectional curvature which asserts that the manifold is flat if the average of the scalar curvature over balls of radius $r$ centered at any fixed point $o$ is a function of $o(r^{-2})$. Furthermore via a relative monotonicity estimate we obtain a stronger statement, namely a `positive mass' type result, asserting that if $(M, g)$ is not flat, then $\liminf_{r\to \infty} \frac{r^2}{V_o(r)}\int_{B_o(r)}\mathcal{S}(y)\, d\mu(y)>0$ for any $o\in M$

An?lisis comparativo de los dise?os curriculares de los programas en dise?o gr?fico en cuatro instituciones de educaci?n superior en colombia, para el a?o 2012

90 P?ginasEl problema de investigaci?n se plantea como un estudio comparativo entre varias propuestas curriculares, una primera delimitaci?n est? en los curr?culos a comparar. Sobrepasa a las capacidades log?sticas y de dedicaci?n en tiempo poder asumir la contrastaci?n curricular de los m?s de 40 programas de Dise?o Gr?fico que actualmente se ofertan en el pa?s, por esta raz?n se delimit? el estudio sobre algunas caracter?sticas b?sicas: tener en cuenta tanto universidades p?blicas como privadas, pensar en programas antiguos, de mediana constituci?n y de reciente constituci?n; se escogieron 4 universidades con las caracter?sticas anteriormente mencionadas. La conclusi?n es que el programa acad?mico de la CUN tiene una ventaja comparativa porque est? planteado en ciclos proped?uticos, lo que le brinda flexibilidad y pertinencia.ABSTRACT The research problem is presented as a comparative study of several proposed curricula, a first delimitation is to compare curricula. Surpasses logistics capabilities and dedication in time to take the matching curriculum of over 40 graphic design programs that are currently offered in the country, which is why the study was delimited on some basic characteristics: consider both public universities and private, think of old programs, middle and newly formed constitution, four universities were chosen with the above features. The conclusion is that the academic program of the CUN has a comparative advantage because it is raised in propaedeutic cycles, giving you flexibility and relevanceINTRODUCCION 12 1. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA 14 1.1 DESCRIPCI?N DEL PROBLEMA 14 1.2 DELIMITACI?N DEL PROBLEMA DE INVESTIGACI?N. 14 1.3 PREGUNTAS DE INVESTIGACI?N 15 2. JUSTIFICACI?N 16 3. OBJETIVOS 18 3.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 18 3.2 OBJETIVOS ESPEC?FICOS 18 4. ANTECEDENTES 19 4.1 HISTORIA DEL DISE?O GRAFICO EN COLOMBIA 19 5. MARCO DE REFERENCIA 37 5.1 DISE?O GR?FICO 37 5.1.1. Or?genes 37 5.1.2 El Dise?o Gr?fico Audiovisual Siglo XX 41 5.1.3 Dise?o Gr?fico Latinoamericano 42 5.2 LAS ARTES GR?FICAS EN EL SIGLO XX 44 5.3 NATURALEZA DEL CURR?CULO 45 5.3.1 Definici?n 45 5.3.2 Tendencias Curriculares 47 5.4 MARCO LEGAL. 51 6. DISE?O METODOL?GICO 53 6.1 TIPO DE INVESTIGACI?N 53 6.2 PARTICIPANTES 53 6.3 INSTRUMENTOS DE RECOLECCI?N DE INFORMACI?N 53 6.4 CRONOGRAMA 54 7. AN?LISIS COMPARATIVO DE LOS DISE?OS CURRICULARES DE LOS PROGRAMAS EN DISE?O GR?FICO EN CUATRO INSTITUCIONES DE EDUCACI?N SUPERIOR EN COLOMBIA, PARA EL A?O 2012 55 7.1 PERFILES DE LOS ACADEMICOS ENCARGADOS DE EJECUTAR EL CURRICULO. 55 7.2 DESARROLLO HIST?RICO DEL DISE?O GRAFICO EN COLOMBIA DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA CURRICULAR. 56 10 7.3 PROYECCIONES DEL DISE?O GR?FICO EN COLOMBIA 58 7.4 APUESTA CURRICULAR 59 7.4.1 Perfiles Ocupaciones y Profesionales de los Egresados 59 7.4.2 Flexibilidad Curricular 61 7.4.3 Cr?ditos Acad?micos 71 8.4.4 Ciclos Proped?uticos 74 8.4.5. Procesos de Evaluaci?n 81 9. CONCLUSIONES 85 10. RECOMENDACIONES 86 REFERENCIAS 8

Three-dimensional turbopump flowfield analysis

A program was conducted to develop a flow prediction method applicable to rocket turbopumps. The complex nature of a flowfield in turbopumps is described and examples of flowfields are discussed to illustrate that physics based models and analytical calculation procedures based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are needed to develop reliable design procedures for turbopumps. A CFD code developed at NASA ARC was used as the base code. The turbulence model and boundary conditions in the base code were modified, respectively, to: (1) compute transitional flows and account for extra rates of strain, e.g., rotation; and (2) compute surface heat transfer coefficients and allow computation through multistage turbomachines. Benchmark quality data from two and three-dimensional cascades were used to verify the code. The predictive capabilities of the present CFD code were demonstrated by computing the flow through a radial impeller and a multistage axial flow turbine. Results of the program indicate that the present code operated in a two-dimensional mode is a cost effective alternative to full three-dimensional calculations, and that it permits realistic predictions of unsteady loadings and losses for multistage machines

The effect of people movement on Wi-Fi link throughput in indoor propagation environments

While various key performance limiting factors of IEEE 802.11-based Wi-Fi networks such as wireless protocols, radio propagation environment and signal interference have been studied by many network researchers, the effect of the movement of people (human) on Wi-Fi link throughput in indoor propagation environments has not been fully explored yet. This paper investigates the effect of people movement on Wi-Fi link throughput in six different indoor environments (i.e. lounge, bedroom, garage, common room, laboratory, and office space) using radio propagation measurements. Using a pair of wireless laptops we conducted various trials by considering both the straight line and random human movement in the above mentioned environments. Results obtained show that Wi-Fi link throughput degrades up to 20.4% as a result of people movement. The difference between the impact of straight line and random movement on Wi-Fi throughput is found to have insignificant. The research findings reported in this paper provide some insight into the impact of people movement on Wi-Fi link throughput in indoor environments

Information-seeking Behaviour of Nurses: Where is Information Sought and What Processes are Followed?

Aim This paper is a report of a study on how nurses inform their decision-making in the workplace Background Despite the growing availability of research evidence, nurses have been slow to adopt it into their daily decision-making. Method The study was undertaken in Ireland between 2006 and 2007 using a sequential mixed methods approach. In phase 1, the views of a quota sample of 29 nurses were explored using semi-structured interviews incorporating vignettes. Phase 2 involved the design and dissemination of a survey to a disproportionate stratified random sample of 1356 nurses. The response rate was 29%. Findings In decision-making, nurses accessed other people, especially nursing colleagues, the most frequently. Sources that provided prepackaged information such as guidelines were favoured over sources that provided access to original research. The process of information-seeking for routine and non-routine decisions was different. Nurses making routine decisions relied mostly on their experience and an assessment of the patient. In non-routine decision-making, participants experienced more uncertainty about their decisions. Accordingly, sources of information used were more varied and the information-seeking process more extensive. The study highlighted the complexities of establishing whether information used in decision-making is research based or not. Conclusion Routine practices should be reviewed and updated regularly through organizational mandates, as nurses do not generally question them. Research information to inform non-routine decision-making must be easily available to nurses in their workplace, as information searches generally prioritize finding enough, rather than the best, information to make a decision

Evaluation of Pb and Cu contents of selected component parts of waste personal computers

Electronic waste (e-waste) is one of the fastest growing waste streams in the world. The increasing market penetration in developing countries such as Nigeria, replacement market in developed countries and high obsolescence rate, make e-waste one of the fastest growing waste streams. Thirty five (35) units of waste computer central processing unit (CPU) and 24 units of waste computer monitors of different brands, manufacturers, year of manufacture, and model were collected from different electronic repairers’ shops in Ibadan, South-western Nigeria and investigated for the lead and copper contents. The devices were  disassembled and the printed wiring boards (PWB) of the CPUs and monitors; and the cathode ray tube (CRT) of the monitor were milled and representative samples digested with a mixture of HNO3-H2O2-HCl and analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed very high levels of Cu and Pb in the samples with Cu concentrations ranging from 83100-705300 mg/kg for PWB of CPUs, 39150-630300 mg/kg for PWB of monitors and 73.2-468 mg/kg for CRT. The Pb contents varied from 18060-400650 mg/kg for PWB of CPU, 8460-80850 mg/kg for PWB of monitor and 429-9900 mg/kg for CRT. The results exceeded the Toxicity Threshold Limit Concentration (TTLC) used in  characterizing wastes as toxic. The adoption of inappropriate methods in the management of these  wastes could result in environmental pollution and human exposure to toxins. Consequently, appropriate measures should be adopted to manage these wastes as hazardous wastes.Keywords: personal computers, printed wiring board, computer monitor, lead, copper

Numerical simulation of time delay interferometry for eLISA/NGO

eLISA/NGO is a new gravitational wave detection proposal with arm length of 10^6 km and one interferometer down-scaled from LISA. Just like LISA and ASTROD-GW, in order to attain the requisite sensitivity for eLISA/NGO, laser frequency noise must be suppressed to below the secondary noises such as the optical path noise, acceleration noise etc. In previous papers, we have performed the numerical simulation of the time delay interferometry (TDI) for LISA and ASTROD-GW with one arm dysfunctional by using the CGC 2.7 ephemeris. The results are well below their respective limits which the laser frequency noise is required to be suppressed. In this paper, we follow the same procedure to simulate the time delay interferometry numerically. To do this, we work out a set of 1000-day optimized mission orbits of the eLISA/NGO spacecraft starting at January 1st, 2021 using the CGC 2.7 ephemeris framework. We then use the numerical method to calculate the residual optical path differences in the second-generation TDI solutions as in our previous papers. The maximum path length difference, for all configurations calculated, is below 13 mm (43 ps). It is well below the limit which the laser frequency noise is required to be suppressed for eLISA/NGO. We compare and discuss the resulting differences due to the different arm lengths for various mission proposals -- eLISA/NGO, an NGO-LISA-type mission with a nominal arm length of 2 x 10^6 km, LISA and ASTROD-GW.Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, minor changes in description to match the accepted version of Classical and Quantum Gravity. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1102.496

Estrategia l?dica pedag?gica para el mejoramiento de la convivencia escolar en el grado octavo de la Instituci?n Educativa Manuela Oma?a de Flandes, Tolima

116 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEl presente trabajo de investigaci?n aborda la importancia que tiene la convivencia escolar y los procesos educativos. Tiene como punto de partida el resultado de diferentes investigaciones, que indican la pertinencia de incluir actividades l?dicas, recreativas y ecol?gicas a los proyectos pedag?gicos; esta inclusi?n constituye un aporte para las transformaciones educativas. La investigaci?n se realiz? en la instituci?n Educativa Manuela Oma?a del municipio de Flandes Tolima, con los estudiantes del grado octavo y tiene como objetivo primordial mejorar la convivencia y las relaciones interpersonales en la instituci?n. La estrategia metodol?gica fue cualitativa y se utilizaron t?cnicas de recolecci?n de informaci?n mixta, las cuales permitieron abordar factores como capacitaci?n docente, competencias ecol?gicas, actividades l?dicas, trabajo en grupo y el desarrollo de la propuesta pedag?gica, la investigaci?n se ha desarrollado durante un periodo de 12 meses, los datos fueron analizados de acuerdo con la fundamentaci?n te?rica, y por medio de un programa estad?stico. El docente en su papel de orientador debe formar estudiantes ?ntegros, en valores y que sean ?tiles para la sociedad. Una manera importante de alcanzar estos logros es ense??ndoles buenas relaciones interpersonales y a utilizar el di?logo como herramienta para abrirse fronteras. Palabras claves: Ambiente Escolar, Manual de Convivencia, Sentido de Pertenencia, relaciones Humanas.The present research work addresses the importance of school coexistence and educational processes. Its starting point is the result of different investigations, which indicate the relevance of including leisure, recreational and ecological activities to pedagogical projects; this inclusion constitutes a contribution for educational transformations. The research was conducted in the Manuela Oma?a Educational Institution of the municipality of Flanders Tolima, with eighth grade students and its main objective is to improve coexistence and interpersonal relationships in the institution. The methodological strategy was qualitative and mixed information collection techniques were used, which allowed to address factors such as teacher training, ecological skills, play activities, group work and the development of the pedagogical proposal, the research was developed during a period of 12 months, the data were analyzed according to the theoretical foundation, and by means of a statistical program. The teacher in his role as counselor must train students in integrity, in values and that are useful for society. An important way to achieve these achievements is to teach them good interpersonal relationships and to use dialogue as a tool to open borders. Keywords: School Environment, Manual of Coexistence, Sense of Belonging, Human Relations

Representaci?nes de estructuras ordenadas

71 p. Recurso Electr?nic