57,573 research outputs found

    Radiation Pressure Supported Stars in Einstein Gravity: Eternally Collapsing Objects

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    Even when we consider Newtonian stars, i.e., stars with surface gravitational redshift, z<< 1, it is well known that, theoretically, it is possible to have stars, supported against self-gravity, almost entirely by radiation pressure. However, such Newtonian stars must necessarily be supermassive. We point out that this requirement for excessive large M, in Newtonian case, is a consequence of the occurrence of low z<< 1. On the other hand, if we remove such restrictions, and allow for possible occurrence highly general relativistic regime, z >> 1, we show that, it is possible to have radiation pressure supported stars at arbitrary value of M. Since radiation pressure supported stars necessarily radiate at the Eddington limit, in Einstein gravity, they are never in strict hydrodynamical equilibrium. Further, it is believed that sufficiently massive or dense objects undergo continued gravitational collapse to the Black Hole stage characterized by z =infty. Thus, late stages of Black Hole formation, by definition, will have, z >> 1, and hence would be examples of quasi-stable general relativistic RPSSs. This result is also supported by with our previous finding that that trapped surfaces are not formed in gravitational collapse and the value of the integration constant in the vacuum Schwarzschild solution is zero. Hence the supposed observed BHs are actually ECOs.Comment: Minor chages in proof. Discusses why the observed BHs are actually ECOs and Chandrasekhar limit is not applicable to the

    Direct qqqqqq Force In High Momentum Limit of QCD For Proton Physics

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    An explicit construction of the proton wave function is outlined in the high momentum limit of QCD dominated by a direct qqqqqq force, one generated by hooking the ends of a gggggg vertex to 3 distinct qˉgq{\bar q}gq vertices, thus making up a YY-shaped diagram (see fig.1). The high degree of S3S_3 symmetry thus involved ensures that the qqqqqq wave function is a mixture of 56,0+56, 0^+ and 20,1+20,1^+ components, rather than the traditional 56,0+56, 0^+ and 70,0+70, 0^+ type. Some results of this paradigm shift are offered.Comment: 6 pages, Presented at 4th International Symposium on Symmetries in Subatomic Physics at NTU, Taipei, 200

    Field-control, phase-transitions, and life's emergence

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    Instances of critical-like characteristics in living systems at each organizational level as well as the spontaneous emergence of computation (Langton), indicate the relevance of self-organized criticality (SOC). But extrapolating complex bio-systems to life's origins, brings up a paradox: how could simple organics--lacking the 'soft matter' response properties of today's bio-molecules--have dissipated energy from primordial reactions in a controlled manner for their 'ordering'? Nevertheless, a causal link of life's macroscopic irreversible dynamics to the microscopic reversible laws of statistical mechanics is indicated via the 'functional-takeover' of a soft magnetic scaffold by organics (c.f. Cairns-Smith's 'crystal-scaffold'). A field-controlled structure offers a mechanism for bootstrapping--bottom-up assembly with top-down control: its super-paramagnetic components obey reversible dynamics, but its dissipation of H-field energy for aggregation breaks time-reversal symmetry. The responsive adjustments of the controlled (host) mineral system to environmental changes would bring about mutual coupling between random organic sets supported by it; here the generation of long-range correlations within organic (guest) networks could include SOC-like mechanisms. And, such cooperative adjustments enable the selection of the functional configuration by altering the inorganic network's capacity to assist a spontaneous process. A non-equilibrium dynamics could now drive the kinetically-oriented system towards a series of phase-transitions with appropriate organic replacements 'taking-over' its functions.Comment: 54 pages, pdf fil

    Time-reversal and parity conservation for gravitating quarks

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    The complex mass term of a quark does not violate time-reversal or parity in gravitational interactions, in spite of an axial anomaly.Comment: 4 pages, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravit

    Quantum Information Paradox: Real or Fictitious?

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    One of the outstanding puzzles of theoretical physics is whether quantum information indeed gets lost in the case of Black Hole (BH) evaporation or accretion. Let us recall that Quantum Mechanics (QM) demands an upper limit on the acceleration of a test particle. On the other hand, it is pointed out here that, if a Schwarzschild BH would exist, the acceleration of the test particle would blow up at the event horizon in violation of QM. Thus the concept of an exact BH is in contradiction of QM and quantum gravity (QG). It is also reminded that the mass of a BH actually appears as an INTEGRATION CONSTANT of Einstein equations. And it has been shown that the value of this integration constant is actually zero. Thus even classically, there cannot be finite mass BHs though zero mass BH is allowed. It has been further shown that during continued gravitational collapse, radiation emanating from the contracting object gets trapped within it by the runaway gravitational field. As a consequence, the contracting body attains a quasi-static state where outward trapped radiation pressure gets balanced by inward gravitational pull and the ideal classical BH state is never formed in a finite proper time. In other words, continued gravitational collapse results in an "Eternally Collapsing Object" which is a ball of hot plasma and which is asymptotically approaching the true BH state with M=0 after radiating away its entire mass energy. And if we include QM, this contraction must halt at a radius suggested by highest QM acceleration. In any case no EH is ever formed and in reality, there is no quantum information paradox.Comment: 8 pages in Pramana Style, 6 in Revtex styl

    Theories with global gauge anomalies on the lattice

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    A global anomaly in a chiral gauge theory manifests itself in different ways in the continuum and on the lattice. In the continuum case, functional integration of the fermion determinant over the whole space of gauge fields yields zero. In the case of the lattice, it is not even possible to define a fermion measure over the whole space of gauge configurations. However, this is not necessary, and as in the continuum, a reduced functional integral is sufficient for the existence of the theory.Comment: Lattice 2000 (Topics in gauge theories); LaTeX with espcrc2, 4 page
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