Sexuality Education: A Comprehensive Review and Policy Recommendation

The goal of this paper is to evaluate existing data around current sexuality education curricula, adolescent reproductive statistics, and sexually transmitted infection rates. Sexual health behaviors, such as contraceptive use, relationship behavior, and relationship violence, are also researched. The United States (US) has the highest rates of both teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection among all developed nations. Current literature shows that abstinence-only education programs in the US do not have positive effects on sexual health outcomes of adolescents. Through this literature review, we found that there are vast differences in sexuality education requirements across the states, affecting the public health of millions of school aged students nationwide. States that do not require comprehensive sexuality education have poorer sexual health outcomes, suggesting that American adolescents could benefit from adjustments to the current sexuality education policies. With the current level of sexually transmitted infections and adolescent pregnancies, we must identify effective curricula to increase knowledge of evidence-based sexuality education and find successful models of implementation for the United States. This paper recommends certain policy changes to address the sexual health outcomes and improve overall reproductive health, including repealing and replacing Title V, Section 510 funding or reallocating Title V funding in conjunction with implementing state-specific comprehensive sexuality education program mandates

Assessment of Propionibacterium Metabolic Activity on Protein Substrate of Sarcoplasmic Fraction in Hydrobionts’ Muscle Tissue

As a result of the conducted scientific researches, the authors analyzed methodical aspects of studying the proteolytic properties of Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii-KM 186 – the representatives of the probiotic group of microorganisms, which allowed not only to evaluate the enzymatic activity of the objects of study but also to discover how physical and chemical factors influence the proteins hydrolysis intensity in sarcoplasmic and myofibrillary fractions of hydrobionts’ muscle tissue. During the experiment which aimed at assessing the possibility of using individual protein fractions of fish muscle tissue as a substrate for proteolysis by Propionibacterium bacteria for the spectrophotometry analysis of their enzymatic activity, it was found that the sarcoplasmic fraction can be used as a substrate for studying the microorganisms’ proteolytic activity. Determination of the information content of tyrosine concentration measuring by spectrophotometry to characterize the proteolytic activity of bacterial suspensions showed that to assess the enzymatic activity of living microorganisms culture it is advisable to use not the absolute values of the bacterial suspension activity, expressed in μmolTYR/ml×min or the tyrosine concentration in the sample (μmol/L), but the change in the tyrosine level in comparison with its primary values. This way of expressing the results will allow us to assess the prevalence of processes (dissimilation/assimilation). In addition, the experiment revealed the characteristic response of the Propionibacterium bacteria’s metabolic activity to changes in the physical and chemical conditions

Introducing SI-PEA: a Risk-based Tool to Measure the Effectiveness of Your Self-inspection Programme

Self-inspection is a requirement of most Quality Management Systems. Within an organisation, it is a key process for self-assessing compliance to regulatory requirements. Done well, it can be a very informative system – highlighting gaps and driving improvement. However, these audits can vary in effectiveness and the contribution of the programme can be difficult to assess and measure. Ensuring that there is an effective system in place is challenging. This paper assesses how the effectiveness of self-inspection programmes is currently measured and reviews the expectations of quality system regulations and standards. Based on this research, a Self-Inspection Programme Effectiveness Assessment (SI-PEA) tool was developed. SI-PEA is a risk-based method for assessing effectiveness of the self-inspection programme, verifying compliance to current quality system regulations, and identifying if there are opportunities to improve the programme. The tool ultimately assigns a risk score to the programme’s overall effectiveness. The tool was developed for application in a pharmaceutical quality system but is suitable for application within any quality management system. The developed SI-PEA tool has been successfully piloted across two companies to prove its functionality

Living Uncertainty: The 16th Congress of the International Society for Ethnology and Folklore (SIEF)

A report of the 16th Congress of the International Society for Ethnology and Folklore (SIEF) "Living Uncertainty"

Dynamics of body composition in male patients during chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development

Introduction: The various distribution of fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM) during COPD development is not yet researched. Material and methods: 82 male patients (40–67 years) with acute exacerbation of COPD and 19 comparable healthy males (the control group) were examined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to COPD severity: 1st — 19 (GOLD I stage); 2nd — 43 (GOLD II) and 3rd — 20 (GOLD III). Results: The patients of 3rd group had lower indices of FM, LM, bone mineral component (BMC) vs. the control and 1st, 2nd groups. A significant increase in FM share was noted in android and gynoid regions, trunk, legs and arms in 2nd groups vs. the control with the decline of these parameters in the 3rd group below the control level. A greater proportion of FM in 1st and 2nd groups was distributed in android and trunk regions vs. the control. TNF-a and leptin levels were significantly increased by 12%, 15% 17% and by 18%, 75%, 79% respectively in 1st, 2nd, 3rd groups vs. the control, while free testosterone level was lower in these groups vs. the control (by 28%, 30% and 47% respectively; p < 0,05). Conclusions: Body mass index (BMI) was within the control range in mild-moderate COPD patients in spite of LM, FM and BMC changes. The level of LM and BMC was decreased during COPD progression, while FM was increased in mild-moderate COPD and then it was decreased in severe COPD.Introduction: The various distribution of fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM) during COPD development is not yet researched. Material and methods: 82 male patients (40–67 years) with acute exacerbation of COPD and 19 comparable healthy males (the control group) were examined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to COPD severity: 1st — 19 (GOLD I stage); 2nd — 43 (GOLD II) and 3rd — 20 (GOLD III). Results: The patients of 3rd group had lower indices of FM, LM, bone mineral component (BMC) vs. the control and 1st, 2nd groups. A significant increase in FM share was noted in android and gynoid regions, trunk, legs and arms in 2nd groups vs. the control with the decline of these parameters in the 3rd group below the control level. A greater proportion of FM in 1st and 2nd groups was distributed in android and trunk regions vs. the control. TNF-a and leptin levels were significantly increased by 12%, 15% 17% and by 18%, 75%, 79% respectively in 1st, 2nd, 3rd groups vs. the control, while free testosterone level was lower in these groups vs. the control (by 28%, 30% and 47% respectively; p < 0,05). Conclusions: Body mass index (BMI) was within the control range in mild-moderate COPD patients in spite of LM, FM and BMC changes. The level of LM and BMC was decreased during COPD progression, while FM was increased in mild-moderate COPD and then it was decreased in severe COPD

Platforming Effect in Rendering Culturonyms` Coinage at the Expert Translation and Interpreting Level in International Activities

The given paper views the impact of the process of platforming and digital translation platforms (DTP) on the rendering of cultural meaning in the dialogue of cultures at the expert translation and interpreting level. The main topic is the problem of finding mechanisms for preventing loss and distortion of the meaning of key cultural concepts in the digital age. The authors aim at analyzing methods of adequate translation and interpreting of the interlinguistic meaning of culturonyms (key cultural concepts) as influenced by platforming processes and DTP use, and their unambiguous understanding by representatives of foreign-language culture, including these interpretations in the dictionary-manual elaborated by the authors. The issue in question is the inclusion into the dictionary-manual the adequate translation determining interlanguage correlation, new culturonyms,unknown cultural meanings, and revealing and describing hidden meanings of English and Russian culture-specific elements and idioms. The authors applied a culturally oriented approach to translation and interpreting that has showed the diversity and cultural value of culturerelated codes. The cultural analysis has indicated most significant culturonyms. The authors have systematized examples of the use of cultural concepts and their translation into Russian in the word entries within the dictionary-manual, which now comprises 151 word entries. A contrastive analysis of nonequivalent lexis has revealed lacunae and non-included meanings in both printed and electronic dictionaries. The heuristic method has been used to create open-type heuristic translation tasks. The authors have received practical approval of the results. The empirical research method was used to analyze digitalization processes and assess the suitable DTP for the research purposes. The dictionary proposed herein is of theoretical and practical significance in new understanding of culturonyms, training foreign affairs specialists, and may be used in teaching translation and interpreting in higher school linguistic and cultural studies, creative education, as well as in business consulting for international companies