La correspondencia de D. Santiado Ramón y Cajal y sus discípulos

Sección: Las bibliotecas cuentanDentro de la denominación Legado Cajal se encuentra la correspondencia que D. Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852-1934) y sus discípulos intercambiaron con científicos y personalidades de la época. Estos documentos están depositados en la Biblioteca del Instituto Cajal.N

Informational structures and informational fields as a prototype for the description of postulates of the integrated information theory

Informational Structures (IS) and Informational Fields (IF) have been recently introduced to deal with a continuous dynamical systems-based approach to Integrated Information Theory (IIT). IS and IF contain all the geometrical and topological constraints in the phase space. This allows one to characterize all the past and future dynamical scenarios for a system in any particular state. In this paper, we develop further steps in this direction, describing a proper continuous framework for an abstract formulation, which could serve as a prototype of the IIT postulates.National Science Center of PolandUMO-2016/22/A/ST1/00077Junta de AndalucíaMinisterio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO). Españ

A new constitution and a Bill of Rights

No Abstract

Effects of edible coatings and moringa extracts on postharvest quality of papaya fruits.

Masters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.Carica papaya L., known as papaya is a member of the small family Caricaceae. It is an important fruit for both fresh and processed products. It is a good source of vitamin A, lycopene, polysaccharides and proteins. High consumption of papaya is known to contribute to the prevention of the chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease. About 30-50% of the harvested papaya is reported to never reach the consumers due to postharvest spoilage. Postharvest spoilage can be attributed to the fact that it is perishable after harvesting. The level of spoilage depends on the management of pre-harvest (environment and cultural practices) and postharvest factors (handling, environmental conditions). The factors contribute largely to papaya quality deterioration by stimulating physiological/biochemical processes (respiration, transpiration) and microbial growth. Also, some of the factors affect papaya fruit quality at maturity stage, time of harvest and the harvest method. Various fungicides have been used to reduce postharvest spoilage. However, the negative effects on human health and the environment, accompanied with high costs, residues in plants has encouraged development of alternative approaches. The development of new natural preservatives and antimicrobials has increased as alternatives for fruit quality preservation. Edible coatings are amongst the natural methods of fruit quality preservation and protecting perishable food products from deterioration by retarding dehydration, suppressing respiration, improving textural quality, helping retain volatile flavour compounds and reducing microbial growth. The study evaluated the effect of edible coatings on papaya fruit quality, and antifungal activity of plant extracts against fungal pathogens that affect postharvest quality of fruits. In the first section of the study, Moringa oleifera extracts (leaf and seed) incorporated with chitosan and CMC (MLE+CH, MSE+CH, MLE+CMC and MSE+CMC) were used as an alternative for synthetic fungicides. The quality parameters were measured to observe the effect of treatments. The quality parameters that were assessed under cold and ambient storage conditions included pH, total titratable acidity, total soluble sugars, weight loss, firmness, peel colour, vitamin C, total flavonoids, total phenols, antioxidants and soluble sugars. Inhibitory effects of Moringa oleifera aqueous and ethanolic leaf and seed extracts (MLWE, MSWE, MLEE and MSEE) was evaluated in-vitro. Treatments applied (MLE+CH, MSE+CH, MLE+CMC and MSE+CMC) maintained papaya fruit quality compared to the control under both ambient and cold storage conditions. Treatment MSE+CMC showed better fruit quality maintenance compared to other treatments. MLWE, MSWE, MLEE and MSEE had relatively high inhibitory potential in all tested concentrations (10%, 20% and 30%) compared to the control treatment. A 100% mycelial growth inhibition in PDA agar amended with moringa extracted with ethanol was observed

Effects of Implementing the Preparatory Grade in Romania on School Organization

AbstractThe preparatory grade was introduced in our educational system in 2012 and it has the role of a linking bridge between kindergarten and school, facilitating the child's adaptation and integration in the school environment.The purpose of the study is the investigation of the impact of implementing the preparatory grade in the primary education system on the management of these institutions, as regards the adjustment of the ergonomic framework, the timetable, curricular management, the continuous training of the teachers who teach preparatory grades

The contribution of housing projects to local economic development: the case of Dunbar, Cator Manor

The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of how the provision of housing can influence Local Economic Development. This was done through a study of housing provision in Dunbar, Cato Manor in eThekwini Municipality. While welfare programmes lead to perpetual dependency on government, the study concludes that housing provision linked to Local Economic Development can empower people in an informal economy. This can inform future studies on how the improvement of service delivery can translate into the improvement of the people’s lives

Semi-automatic Term Extraction for an isiZulu Linguistic Terms Dictionary

The University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) is compiling a series of Language for Special Purposes (LSP) dictionaries for various specialized subject domains in line with its language policy and plan. The focus in this paper is the term extraction for words in the linguistics subject domain. This paper advances the use of frequency analysis and the keyword analysis as strategies to extract terms for the compilation of the dictionary of isiZulu linguistic terms. The study uses the isiZulu National Corpus (INC) of about 1,2 million tokens as a reference corpus as well as an LSP corpus of about 100,000 tokens as a study corpus. The study is analyzed through the use of a software tool called WordSmith Tools (version 6). WordSmith Tools (hence forth WS Tools) is an integrated suite of three main programs, which include the WordList, Concord and Keywords, used in analysing words and word patterns in any given text. Using the WS Tools software a lot of qualitative and quantitative research can be done in the language. Central to this study is a computational determination of which words are typical of the linguistic domain in isiZulu and therefore stand out as preferred candidates for headword selection. Thus the study uses the corpus linguistics method as a basis for theoretical analysis. The advantage of such a theoretical approach is that a corpus is stored and queried by means of computer and computer software, which makes it easy to find, sort and count items, either as a basis for linguistic description or for addressing language-related issues and problems. Using the WS Tools software, the study shows that term extraction for the isiZulu dictionary of linguistic terms is done following reliable computational techniques in corpus lexicography.Keywords: Term extraction, LGP corpus, LSP corpus, wordsmith tools, frequency, wordlist, concord, keyness, lexicography, corpus lexicography, headword selection, LSP dictionar

Sonic defiance: the deployment of song as active heritage in post-apartheid South Africa

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Humanities University of the Witwatersrand in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2018Struggle songs have continued to pulsate in South Africa after the advent of democracy in 1994. This study examines the deployment of song as a form of intangible heritage. It looks at why the songs originally composed under the oppressive conditions of apartheid continue to be deployed with such vigour in a democratic South Africa, and what the effects and meanings of this deployment in different spaces are. It also explores what it means for the field of heritage as well as the performance of song if struggle songs are considered a form of intangible heritage. This thesis draws on the seminal work of James Young (1992) on the notion of the counter-monument to examine the deployment of song, and the multiple twists and turns it takes during its performance journey. Three case studies are presented to examine the utilisation of song: The court transcripts of the 2011 Dubula ibhunu trial between ‘Afrikaner’ civil rights organisation AfriForum and Julius Malema, at the time President of the Youth League of the African National Congress (ANC), the ANC’s National Conference in 2012, and the Singing Freedom: Music and the struggle against apartheid museum exhibition at the Iziko Slave Lodge. This thesis shows that the notion of heritage has become enormously potent in post-apartheid South Africa. It concludes that song operates as a sonic counter-monument that defies containment in heritage frameworks, local and international policies and formal memorialisation projects. It is a form of active heritage – one that is deeply felt by its singers.MT 201

Intellectualization through Terminology Development

The term intellectualization was famously used in the Prague School to describe a process that a language undergoes in its development and refinement. In our South African context intellectualization entails a carefully planned process of hastening the cultivation and growth of indigenous official African languages so that they effectively function in all higher domains as languages of teaching and learning,  research, science and technology. This article critically exam-ines the terminology development process that is being driven at the University of KwaZulu-Natal  (henceforth UKZN) as one of the key agents of language intellectualization. The  article critically evaluates the UKZN terminology development model that is used to harvest, consult and authenti-cate isiZulu terminology for Administration,  Architecture, Anatomy, Computer Science, Environ-mental Science, Law, Physics,  Psychology, and Nursing disciplines. Outflow platforms for the ter-minology in this development model are loosely listed as the 'database' and the 'development  platform' but there is no clear end-user platform for students and lecturers, who  seem to be the main end-user-targets of the whole terminology development  initiative. The article will propose an improved model to cater for AnyTime Access, which is convenient for student needs between lec-tures, and improve the  harvesting mechanism in the existing model.Keywords: Intellectualization, Terminology Development, Harvesting,   Crowdsourcing, Consultation, Verification, Authentication, Anytime Acces