290 research outputs found
Impact of the Curriculum Reform on Problem Solving Ability in Chemistry: An Ex Post Facto Study on Chemistry Education Students
An ex post facto study was conducted to examine the effect of the curriculum reform on 60 Dilla University chemistry education students’ problem solving ability. The study shows that the curriculum reform that shifted university introductory courses of the old curriculum into preparatory school levels in the new curriculum significantly hampered students’ problem solving ability
The Impact of Human Capital Development on Economic Growth in Ethiopia: Evidence from ARDL Approach to Co-Integration
The main objective of the study is to analyze the impact of human capital on economic growth in Ethiopia. The methodology used in this research is ARDL Approach to Co-integration. The finding of this research shows that there is a stable long run relationship between real GDP per capita, education human capital, health human capital, labor force, gross capital formation, government expenditure and official development assistance. The estimated long run model indicates that human capital in the form of health have big positive impact on real GDP per capita rise followed by education human capital. Such findings are consistent with the endogenous growth theories. In the short run, the coefficient of the error correction term is -0.7366 suggesting about 73.66 percent annual adjustment towards long run equilibrium. The findings of this paper imply that an economic performance can be improved significantly when the ratio of public expenditure on health to GDP increases and when secondary school enrolments get better. Keywords: Economic Growth, Human capital, Education, Health, ARDL method of Co-integration
Mechanisms for the wet and dry years over Eritrea during the summer rainfall season
Bibliography: leaves 54-57.The economy of Eritrea depends on rain-fed agriculture, which is highly sensitive to seasonal and inter-annual variations of rainfall. Adequate amount of rainfall is required every year for adequate agricultural production and drinking water. Therefore, the distribution of seasonal rainfall in space and time is critical to the country's economy. Drought has great influence on the socio-economic aspect and livelihood of the rural population. Drought occurs in Eritrea due to anomalous regional atmospheric circulation. This study focuses on the summer rainy season of June, July and August (JJA). It examines atmospheric and oceanographic mechanism patterns associated to summer rainfall anomalies. The investigation mainly concentrates on wet and dry spells that occurred over Eritrea during the rainy seasons (June to August) of 1950's-1990's. Rainfall data was available from the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Hulme dataset for a period of 1950 -1996 and this together with rainfall data from the Africa Data Dissemination Service was used to determine the characteristics of wet and dry spells. Finally, NCEP-NCAR reanalysis climate data was used to analyse the atmospheric circulation associated with wet and dry years. It has been found that the pattern of the SST along the eastern Pacific and the Indian oceans seem to influence the occurrence of the anomaly rainfall years. Correlation analysis shows that Eritrean summer rainfall is more strongly correlated with the eastern Pacific and Indian Oceans SST. Thus, the drought records in Eritrea are mainly associated with EI Nino events
Novel uses of attenuated total reflectance infrared microspectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis in food processing
El objetivo general de esta tesis fue demostrar la aplicación de la microespectroscopía del infrarrojo cercano (ATR-IRMS) combinada con análisis multivariante (soft independent modeling of class analogy) como una técnica analítica rápida, simple y robusta para obtener información clave cuando diversas tecnologías emergentes fueron utilizadas para producir emulsiones alimentarias o inactivar microorganismos. En la primera parte de la tesis, ATR-IRMS se utilizó para detectar si la proteína de suero de leche utilizada como emulsificante, estuvo implicada en los fenómenos de ensuciamiento detectados en las superficies de las membranas utilizadas para producir emulsiones de aceite de girasol en agua. Esta técnica también se utilizó para detectar fácilmente qué protocolo de limpieza aplicado para reducir el proceso de ensuciamiento era el más eficaz. En la segunda parte de la tesis, ATR-IRMS combinada con el análisis multivariado fue la técnica clave para detectar que estructuras celulares del patógeno E. coli O157:H7 fueron principalmente afectadas cuando se utilizaron tratamientos térmicos y campos eléctricos pulsantes de alta intensidad aplicados a pH 4.0 y 7.0 para inactivar esta bacteria. Los modelos de calibración construidos con los datos espectrales y los valores de los ciclos de inactivación de E. coli O157:H7 obtenidos con medios nutritivos y selectivos, mostrando una buena correlación y el potencial de ser utilizados para predecir las bacterias lesionadas por estas dos tecnologías.The overall objective of this thesis was to demonstrate the application of attenuated total reflectance infrared microspectroscopy (ATR-IRMS) combined with multivariate analysis (soft independent modeling of class analogy) as a rapid, simple and robust analytical technique to obtain more insight when several emerging technologies are applied to produce food emulsions or inactivate microorganisms. In the first part of the thesis, ATR-IRMS was used to detect if whey protein was involved on the fouling phenomena detected to membrane surfaces used to produce sunflower oil and water emulsions. This technique was also evaluated to easily detect which cleaning protocol used to reduce the fouling was the most effective between those tasted. In the second part of the thesis, ATR-IRMS combined with multivariate analysis was the key technique to detect the E. coli O157:H7 cell structures mainly affected by heat and pulsed electric fields treatments applied at pH 4.0 and 7.0. Calibration models were built up with the IR data and E. coli O157:H7 log cycles of inactivation showing good correlation and potential to be used to predict injured bacteria
Coexistence of Superconductivity and Ferromagnetism in Superconducting ErRh4B4
This research work focuses on the theoretical investigation of the possible coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in ErRh4B4. By developing a model Hamiltonian for the given system and by using the double time temperature-dependent Green’s function formalism, we obtained expressions for superconducting transition temperature (TC,), magnetic ordering temperature (Tm), superconducting and magnetic ordering parameters (Δ) and (η) respectively. By using the experimental and theoretical values and by considering plausible approximations of the parameters in the obtained expressions, the phase diagrams of superconducting transition temperature versus magnetic ordering parameter and magnetic ordering temperature versus magnetic ordering parameter are plotted. Finally, by combining the two phase diagrams, we showed the possible coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in ErRh4B4.Keywords: Superconductivity, ferromagnetism, order parameter, conduction electrons, localized electrons, Green’s function
ENHANCEMENT OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN LEAD (Pb) BY INTENSIFIED GRAVITATIONAL INTERACTION BETWEEN ELECTRON PAIRS
This work focuses on the theoretical investigation of the possible enhancement of superconductivity for the superconducting lead (Pb) by intensified gravitational interaction (IGI) between electron pairs. By applying the quantization theory of gravity (QTG), we obtained expressions for the enhanced superconducting transition temperature (), and superconducting energy gap (). By using the experimental, theoretical values and some plausible approximations of the parameters in the obtained expressions, the phase diagrams of superconducting energy gap versus temperature for lead at and the enhanced superconducting energy gap versus temperature for lead at are plotted. By combining the two phase diagrams, we had shown the possible enhancement of the superconducting transition temperature from to and its superconducting energy gap fromto for the superconducting lead
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