エビネから分離されたインゲンマメ黄斑モザイクウイルスの諸性質

Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) was isolated from Calanthe sp.showing mild chlorosis on the leaves, collected in Yamaguchi Prefecture in Japan. The virus was transmitted by the aphid Myzus persicae in a non-persistent manner, and by sap-inoculation to 29 out of 46 plant species from 9 out of 12 families tested. Stability in crude sap, morphology of virus particles, shape of cylidrical inclusions and the presence of cytoplasmic crystalline inclusions in the infected cells were similar to those of BYMV isolates previously reported. The virus contained a single protein species with a molecular weight of 35,000. In a microprecipition test and double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), the virus showed a close serological relationship to isolates of BYMV from both crocus and gladiolus, and showed a distant relationship to clover yellow vein virus. Three BYMV isolates used in this study were found to be serologically related to each other, but the virus was more closely related to the BYMV crocus isolate than to gladiolus isolate.山口県で採集した葉にモザイク症状を示すエビネからインゲンマメ黄斑モザイクウイルス（BYMV）が分離された。本ウイルスは汁液接種により試験した12科46種のうち9科29種に感染し、モモアカアブラムシにより非永続的に伝搬された。本ウイルスの粗汁液中での安定性、粒子の形態、管状封入体及び細胞内結晶状封入体の形態は既報のBYMVのそれらと同様であった。SDS-PAGEによる外被タンパク質の分子量は35,000であった。微沈降反応及びDAS-ELISAにおいて、本ウイルスはクロッカス及びグラジョラスから分離されたBYMVと血清学的に近縁であったが、グラジョラス分離株よりもクロッカス分離株の方が本ウイルスとより近縁であった

Superradiance around Rotating Dilatonic Black Hole

We consider a superradiance effect around rotating dilatonic black holes. We analyze two cases: one is an exact solution with the coupling constant $\alpha=\sqrt{3}$, which effective action is reduced from the 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory, and the other is a slowly rotating dilatonic black holes with arbitrary coupling constant. We find that there exists a critical value ($\alpha \sim 1$), which is predicted from a superstring model, and the superradiant emission rate with coupling larger than the critical value becomes much higher than the Kerr-Newman case ($\alpha=0$) in the maximally charged limit. Consequently, 4-dimensional primordial black holes in higher dimensional unified theories are either rotating but almost neutral or charged but effectively non-rotating.Comment: 12 pages, Latex, three figures, WU-AP/43/9

Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus Isolated from Calanthe sp. in Japan

A rod-shape virus isolated from Calanthe sp. showing chlorotic mottle on the leaves, collected in Ibaraki Prefecture, was identified as odontoglossum ringspot virus(ORSV). The isolate,designated as Cal.92-1T, was transmitted by sap-inoculation to 14 out of 40 species in 6 out of 12 families. The virus particles were rod-shaped, about 310 nm long. In ultrahtin sections, the dispersed and aggregated virus particles were observed in the cytoplasm of the cells of the infected leaves of Chenopodium quinoa. The virus contained a single protein species of Mr 20,600. The Mr of the capsid proteins(Cal.92-1T) was similar to those of three other ORSV isolates(Cy-1,Cy-46,Cy-Kei). Cal.92-1T isolate(Cy-1), suggesting that Cal.92-1T was serologically very similar to the other ORSV isolates. Three species of dsRNA were isolated from plants infected with Cal.92-1T and they were similar to those of three other ORSV isolates.1992年に採集した退緑斑紋を示すエビネから棒状ウイルスとひも状ウイルスが検出され、この棒状ウイルスはその性質から odontoglossum ringspot virus(ORSV) と同定された。本ウイルスは汁液接種により供試した12科40種のうち、6科14種に感染した。DN法試料の電顕観察では長さ約310nmのウイルス粒子が観察された。本ウイルスの感染Chenopodium quinoa 細胞中には散在あるいは大集塊したウイルス粒子が観察された。ウイルス外被タンパク質の分子量は約20,600あり、Cymbidium からのORSV 2分離株とほぼ同じであったが、他の１つCymbidium からのCy-1 分離株は上記の分離株よりわずかに大きかった（約20,900）。本ウイルスと他のORSV分離株はいずれも寒天ゲル内二重拡散法、直接二重酵素結合抗体法（DAS-ELISA）でCy-1分離株の抗血清とよく反応したが、同じ抗血清に対してtabacco mosaic virus 普通系とは反応しなかった。ORSVエビネ分離株はウイルス感染に特異的な二本鎖RNAの電気泳動でも他のORSVと同様のパターンを示した。以上、ORSVエビネ分離株は既報のORSV分離株と血清学的に同じであり、それらと近似の系統と考えられた