Automatic Measurement of Affect in Dimensional and Continuous Spaces: Why, What, and How?

This paper aims to give a brief overview of the current state-of-the-art in automatic measurement of affect signals in dimensional and continuous spaces (a continuous scale from -1 to +1) by seeking answers to the following questions: i) why has the field shifted towards dimensional and continuous interpretations of affective displays recorded in real-world settings? ii) what are the affect dimensions used, and the affect signals measured? and iii) how has the current automatic measurement technology been developed, and how can we advance the field

Consistency of the proposed additive measures of revealed comparative advantage

The recently proposed additive measures of revealed comparative advantage (RCA) have been argued as better alternatives to the Balassa Index. This note builds on those suggestions and provides a framework to assess their applicability by means of their consistency across the dimensions and inferences that the indices' informational content allow. A formal empirical investigation supports the presented arguments that the proposed additive constructs of RCA possess certain inconsistencies that may obscure comparative analyses based on them, whereas alternative additive measures proposed here are shown to be more consistent over space and time, and hence may serve as better instruments in related quantitative research.Revealed comparative advantage

Frequency Switching for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer

A new frequency switching receiver structure is proposed for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in multi-carrier communication systems. Each subcarrier is switched to either the energy harvesting unit or the information decoding unit, according to the optimal subcarrier allocation. To implement the system, one-bit feedback is required for each subcarrier. Two optimization problems are defined, converted to binary knapsack problems, and solved using dynamic programming approaches. Upper bounds are obtained using continuous relaxations. Power allocation is integrated to further increase the performance. Numerical studies show that the proposed frequency switching based model is better than existing models in a wide range of parameters

LexRank: Graph-based Lexical Centrality as Salience in Text Summarization

We introduce a stochastic graph-based method for computing relative importance of textual units for Natural Language Processing. We test the technique on the problem of Text Summarization (TS). Extractive TS relies on the concept of sentence salience to identify the most important sentences in a document or set of documents. Salience is typically defined in terms of the presence of particular important words or in terms of similarity to a centroid pseudo-sentence. We consider a new approach, LexRank, for computing sentence importance based on the concept of eigenvector centrality in a graph representation of sentences. In this model, a connectivity matrix based on intra-sentence cosine similarity is used as the adjacency matrix of the graph representation of sentences. Our system, based on LexRank ranked in first place in more than one task in the recent DUC 2004 evaluation. In this paper we present a detailed analysis of our approach and apply it to a larger data set including data from earlier DUC evaluations. We discuss several methods to compute centrality using the similarity graph. The results show that degree-based methods (including LexRank) outperform both centroid-based methods and other systems participating in DUC in most of the cases. Furthermore, the LexRank with threshold method outperforms the other degree-based techniques including continuous LexRank. We also show that our approach is quite insensitive to the noise in the data that may result from an imperfect topical clustering of documents

Diversity Combining for RF Energy Harvesting

RF energy harvesting (RFEH) is a promising technology for energy requirements of wireless communication nodes. However, providing sufficient amount of energy to ensure self-sufficient devices based on RFEH may be challenging. In this paper, the use of diversity combining in RFEH systems is proposed to increase the amount of harvested energy. The power consumption of diversity combining process is also taken into account to analyze the net benefit of diversity combining. Performances of RFEH systems are investigated for selection combining (SC), equal gain combining (EGC), and maximal ratio combining (MRC) techniques. Simulations are conducted to compare the numerical results of SC, EGC, and MRC, and the results show that although the diversity combining techniques can improve the energy harvesting performance, the power consumption parameters have a critical importance while determining the suitable technique

Financial intermediation and the international business cycle: The case of small countries with big banks

We examine the transmission mechanism of banking sector shocks in a two-country DSGE model. Assuming that the home country is small relative to the rest of world, we find that spillovers from foreign banking sector shocks are modest unless banks in the small country hold foreign banking assets. The correlation between home and foreign GDP rises with the exposure of the of the domestic banking sector to foreign bank assets.