Public housing environments : Caracas, Venezuela

Thesis. 1979. M.Arch.A.S.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Architecture.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.Includes bibliographical references.by Constantino Barroeta H.M.Arch.A.S

Soybean lecithin high in free fatty acids for broiler chicken diets : Impact on performance, fatty acid digestibility and saturation degree of adipose tissue

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the inclusion of soybean lecithin with a high free fatty acid content (L) in starter and grower-finisher broiler diets, as well as its influence on performance, energy and fatty acid (FA) utilization and the FA profile of the abdominal fat pad (AFP). A basal diet was supplemented with soybean oil (S; Experiment 1) or acid oil (AO; Experiment 2) at 3%, and increasing amounts of L (1%, 2% and 3%) were included in replacement. The inclusion of L did not modify performance parameters (p > 0.05). The S replacement by L reduced energy and total FA utilization (p = 0.05) in starter diets; however, in grower-finisher diets, a replacement up to 2% did not modify energy and FA utilization (p > 0.05). The AO substitution by L produced no modifications on energy and FA utilization (p > 0.05) during the starter phase, while the blend of 1% of AO and 2% of L resulted in the best combination in terms of the FA digestibility. The FA profile of the AFP reflected the FA composition of diets. The addition of L could replace, up to 2% or be blended with AO in broiler grower-finisher diets as an energy source

Sustainable Equilibrium Index (SEI): A Measure to Analyze the Systemic Dependences in Territorial Development

Regional prosperity not only depends on economic issues but also in social and environmental aspects. Achieving a sustainable growth path in the long term implies “coherence” in the advancement of these three dimensions (avoiding potential imbalances threatening that path). Here the notion of “sustainable” competitiveness arises. In this context, the objective of this paper is to demonstrate, through a quantitative methodology, that the coherence of economic, social and environmental dimensions is in fact at the core of regional prosperity and regional gap. To do so, the paper analyses the systemic interdependencies between these three fields using a quantitative methodological approach: the Sustainable Equilibrium Index (SEI). The results include the overall estimates for the SEI in each Spanish region as well as a detailed decomposition of the index by economic, social and environmental fields. Finally, recommendations are made to consider SEI as a metric for the upcoming RIS3 strategies

Bertakoak ez diren kopepodo espezie planktonikoen eragina Euskal Herriko estuarioetan.

158 p. (eusk) 153 p. (eng.)Since 1998, monitoring program on the environmental variables and zooplankton community are carrying out in the estuaries of Bilbao and Urdaibai (Bay of Biscay). In the year 2001 two non-indigenous copepod species (NIS), Acartia tonsa and Oithona davisae, were found in the inner estuary of Bilbao (Bay of Biscay), becoming immediately the dominant copepod species of the zooplankton community. Similarly, in the year 2003 these species occurred in the estuary of Urdaibai (near estuary of Bilbao), A. tonsa becoming very abundant in summer at the inner part of the estuary, but O. davisae occurring sporadically and in very few abundances. Later, in the year 2010 another NIS, Pseudodiaptomus marinus, occurred also in the estuary of Bilbao, together with other expanding copepod species (OES), Calanipeda aquaedulcis and Acartia bifilosa. The impact of this colonizer species has been little studied. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to analyse the colonization process by NIS and OES of planktonic copepods, and the impact of such colonising species on native zooplankton communities, in estuaries of the Basque coast in relation to the natural and anthropogenic differences between estuaries, in order to assess the invasive character of the studied colonizing copepods and the sensitivity of the studied estuaries to biological invasions

Bertakoak ez diren kopepodo espezie planktonikoen eragina Euskal Herriko estuarioetan.

158 p. (eusk) 153 p. (eng.)Since 1998, monitoring program on the environmental variables and zooplankton community are carrying out in the estuaries of Bilbao and Urdaibai (Bay of Biscay). In the year 2001 two non-indigenous copepod species (NIS), Acartia tonsa and Oithona davisae, were found in the inner estuary of Bilbao (Bay of Biscay), becoming immediately the dominant copepod species of the zooplankton community. Similarly, in the year 2003 these species occurred in the estuary of Urdaibai (near estuary of Bilbao), A. tonsa becoming very abundant in summer at the inner part of the estuary, but O. davisae occurring sporadically and in very few abundances. Later, in the year 2010 another NIS, Pseudodiaptomus marinus, occurred also in the estuary of Bilbao, together with other expanding copepod species (OES), Calanipeda aquaedulcis and Acartia bifilosa. The impact of this colonizer species has been little studied. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to analyse the colonization process by NIS and OES of planktonic copepods, and the impact of such colonising species on native zooplankton communities, in estuaries of the Basque coast in relation to the natural and anthropogenic differences between estuaries, in order to assess the invasive character of the studied colonizing copepods and the sensitivity of the studied estuaries to biological invasions

Evolution of α-tocopherol deposition in eggs enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the evolution of α-tocopherol concentration in egg during time as a : response of dietary supplementation with 200 mg/kg diet of α-tocopheryl acetate, and the effect of dietary oil on this : parameter. Forty hens were randomly distributed into 2 treatments resulting of the supplementation of a basal diet containing 200 mg/kg α-tocopheryl acetate with 5% linseed oil or sunflower oil. α-Tocopherol concentration ofeggs was measured at 0, 4, 9, H, 19, and 50 days after inclusion of the experimental diets. α-Tocopherol concentration in egg increased after the fourth day of feeding, reaching its maximum level at 14 days (168 pg/g egg), after which it descended 10-12% until 19 days, remaining constant until 50 days (145 pg/g egg). No differences were observed between dietary oils in the deposition pattern of α-tocopherol

Risk and Economic Estimation of Inspection Policy of Periodically Tested Repairable Components

This report presents a model to identify the optimal time between surveillance tests and overhaul frequency of components whose failures are detected upon inspection. The model is based on minimizing the total cost per unit time during the component renewal cycle. It considers the component availability assuming that the unit is "as old" after tests and repairs and "as new" after overhauls. The model takes into account costs associated with tests and maintenance, as well as potential losses related to unavailability. General conditions and a case study are discussed to evaluate the effect of costs, maintenance task durations, and the uncertainty of the reliability parameters on the optimal inspection policy of typical tested components. This report also discusses the advantage of the cost-based optimization versus the traditional approach based on maximal availability