EFEKTIVITAS PELAYANAN ANGKUTAN UMUM PEDESAAN TRAYEK PAMBOANG – PASAR SENTRAL MAJENE

ABSTRAK;Beberapa ruas jalan pada Trayek Terminal Majene PP dan Trayek Pamboang PP, pada jam-jam puncak angkutan umum  yang ada cenderung digunakan melebihi kapasitas maksimumnya. Keadaan sebaliknya terjadi pada jam non-puncak, kendaraan umum setengah kosong dan harus melakukan kompetisi dengan angkutan umum lainnya untuk mendapatkan penumpang. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah mengetahui kinerja pelayanan  angkutan  umum,  kebutuhan  angkutan  umum  dan  membuat  rekomendasi  terkait dengan hasil evaluasi kinerja pelayanan pada kedua trayek ini. Dalam penelitian ini indikator kinerja angkutan umum yang dinilai adalah faktor muat, waktu perjalanan, frekuensi pelayanan, waktu antara, waktu tunggu, jumlah kendaraan yang beroperasi, dan waktu pelayanan. Indikator diperoleh dari hasil survey. Hasil anlisis pelayanan angkutan umum menurut Dirjen Perhubungan Darat, kinerja pelayanan angkutan umum pada trayek Trayek Terminal Majene PP dan Trayek Pamboang PP termasuk dalam kategori baik.   Kebutuhan jumlah angkutan umum pada trayek Terminal Majene PP dan trayek Pamboang PP Trayek Terminal Majene PP sebanyak  35  unit. Berdasarkan hasil analisis direkomendasi: jumlah angkutan umum yang sudah ada dipertahankan saja atau dikurangi hingga mendekati nilai rata-rata jumlah kendaraan beroperasi setiap hari serta perlunya pembinaan pada pengemudi tentang kesadaran berlalu lintas yang baik di jalan raya. Kata kunci: Analisis, kinerja, angkutan umum, pelayanan     ABSTRACT;Sometimes in Oebobo Station-Majene Station route and Pamboang Station- Station route, over capacity for public transportation happened in the peak time especially in several roads. While, in  peak off  time, most of  public transportation have no passanger, so they  had to compotate with the other transportation the get the passanger. Service operational planning of public transportation should be evaluate as soon as possible to know how about the performance of public transportation services. The goal of this research are to know about public transportation services performance, fleet necessity of public transportation and  make recommendations relating to the results of the performance evaluation of services on this route both. The indicators of this research are public transportation performance, load factor, time journey, frequency, time line, passenger time waiting, the quantity of vehicle operated, and time services. All of these indicators get from dinamyc and statistic survey. From the results of the public   transport   service   standards   evaluation   by   the   Directorate   General   of   Land Transportation, the performance of public transport services on the Majene Station Route and Pamboang Route including good categories. The needs of public transport fleet on the Majene Station-Pamboang Route is 35 units, whereas for Majene Station-Pamboang Station Route 35units. Based on the results of the evaluation given recommendations are: for while the number of existing public transport or retained only if necessary, be reduced to close to the average value of the number vehicles in operation each day as well as the need for guidance drivers about traffic awareness good on the highway

Content Management and Support in 3.0 E-learning Model

A number of E-learning models have been proposed in the literature capturing critical success factors of E-learning in an attempt to denote how E-learning can be made effective to achieve the best learning outcomes. In fact, E-learning has redefined the way education is dispensed across the world. It is viewed as a modern, effective and efficient alternative to education for a number of reasons including an alternate means to cater for the increasing demand for higher education and to cater for the increasing expectations to make the learning process more customised to learners' needs to achieved the best learning outcomes. The concept of Web 3.0 is often associated with the Semantic Web, which is a recent effort to make the Web more meaningful to machines. In fact, the Semantic Web is seen as a promising technology to meet E-learning requirement. Consequently, this study represents an attempt to provide a holistic representation of E-learning critical success factors as well as Semantic Web characteristics. The study proposes a combined E-learning and Semantic Web model, E-learning 3.0, derived from the literature review outlining four main characteristics namely Content Management, Teaching and Learning, Support and Technology. It focuses on two of these characteristics namely Content Management and Support, which are further analysed via surveys conducted within the Mauritian higher educational sector from students and lecturers. Results following an exploratory factor analysis on the 2 dimensions surveyed provided a regrouping of their sub characteristics allowing for a more integrated representation of these characteristics within the combined model

Phyllanthus emblica (Amla) methanolic extract regulates multiple checkpoints in 15-lipoxygenase mediated inflammopathies: Computational simulation and in vitro evidence

Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) has long been used in traditional folk medicine to prevent and cure a variety of inflammatory diseases. In this study, the antioxidant activity (DPPH scavenging and reducing power), anti-inflammatory activity (RBC Membrane Stabilization and 15-LOX inhibition), and anticoagulation activity (Serin protease inhibition and Prothrombin Time assays) of the methanolic extract of amla were conducted. Amla exhibited a substantial amount of phenolic content (TPC: 663.53 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (TFC: 418.89 mg GAE/g). A strong DPPH scavenging effect was observed with an IC50 of 311.31 µg/ml as compared to standard ascorbic acid with an IC50 of 130.53 µg/ml. In reducing power assay, the EC50 value of the extract was found to be 196.20 µg/ml compared to standard ascorbic acid (EC50 = 33.83 µg/ml). The IC50 value of the RBC membrane stabilization and 15-LOX assays was observed as 101.08 µg/ml (IC50 of 58.62 µg/ml for standard aspirin) and 195.98 µg/ml (IC50 of 19.62 µg/ml for standard quercetin), respectively. The extract also strongly inhibited serine protease (trypsin) activity with an IC50 of 505.81 µg/ml (IC50 of 295.44 µg/ml for standard quercetin). The blood coagulation time (PTT) was found to be 11.91 min for amla extract and 24.11 min for standard Warfarin. Thus, the findings of an in vitro study revealed that the methanolic extract of amla contains significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulation activity. Furthermore, in silico docking and simulation of reported phytochemicals of amla with human 15-LOXA and 15-LOXB were carried out to validate the anti-inflammatory activity of amla. In this analysis, epicatechin and catechin showed greater molecular interaction and were considerably stable throughout the 100 ns simulation with 15-lipoxygenase A (15-LOXA) and 15-lipoxygenase B (15-LOXB) respectively

Immunogenicity, safety and reactogenicity of heterologous (third dose) booster vaccination with a full or fractional dose of two different COVID-19 vaccines: A phase 4, single-blind, randomized controlled trial in adults

In this phase 4 study we assessed boosting with fractional doses of heterologous COVID-19 vaccines in Brazilian adults primed with two doses of CoronaVac (Sinovac/Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil) at least 4 months previously. Participants received either full-dose of ChAdOx1-S (Group 1, n = 232), a half dose of ChAdOx1-S (Group 2, n = 236), or a half dose of BNT162b2 (Group 3, n = 234). The primary objective was to show 80% seroresponse rates (SRR) 28 d after vaccination measured as IgG antibodies against a prototype SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein. Safety was assessed as solicited and unsolicited adverse events. At baseline all participants were seropositive, with high IgG titers overall. SRR at Day 28 were 34.3%, 27.1% and 71.2%, respectively, not meeting the primary objective of 80%, despite robust immune responses in all three groups with geometric mean-fold rise (GMFR) in IgG titers of 3.39, 2.99 and 7.42, respectively. IgG immune responses with similar GMFR were also observed against SARS-CoV-2 variants, Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma and D614G. In subsets (n = 35) of participants GMFR of neutralizing immune responses against live prototype SARS-CoV-2 virus and Omicron BA.2 were similar to the IgG responses as were pseudo-neutralizing responses against SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.4/5 variants. All vaccinations were well tolerated with no vaccine-related serious adverse events and mainly transient mild-to-moderate local and systemic reactogenicity. Heterologous boosting with full or half doses of ChAdOx1-S or a half dose of BNT162b2 was safe and immunogenic in CoronaVac-primed adults, but seroresponse rates were limited by high baseline immunity

Immunogenicity, safety and reactogenicity of heterologous (third dose) booster vaccination with a full or fractional dose of two different COVID-19 vaccines: A phase 4, single-blind, randomized controlled trial in adults

This research was funded by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), grant number FraCT-CoV-005.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / University of Siena. Institute for Global Health. Siena, Italy.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Oxford, UK.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Oxford, UK.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Oxford, UK.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Oxford, UK.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Oxford, UK.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Oxford, UK.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / University of Oxford. Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute. Oxford, UK.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Oxford, UK.University of Siena. Institute for Global Health. Siena, Italy.Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Moléstias Infecciosas Ltda. Natal, RN, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Oxford, UK.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Oxford, UK.GRID RIO. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.University of Oxford. Department of Pediatrics. Oxford Vaccine Group. Oxford, UK / NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Oxford, UK.In this phase 4 study we assessed boosting with fractional doses of heterologous COVID-19 vaccines in Brazilian adults primed with two doses of CoronaVac (Sinovac/Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil) at least 4 months previously. Participants received either full-dose of ChAdOx1-S (Group 1, n = 232), a half dose of ChAdOx1-S (Group 2, n = 236), or a half dose of BNT162b2 (Group 3, n = 234). The primary objective was to show 80% seroresponse rates (SRR) 28 d after vaccination measured as IgG antibodies against a prototype SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein. Safety was assessed as solicited and unsolicited adverse events. At baseline all participants were seropositive, with high IgG titers overall. SRR at Day 28 were 34.3%, 27.1% and 71.2%, respectively, not meeting the primary objective of 80%, despite robust immune responses in all three groups with geometric mean-fold rise (GMFR) in IgG titers of 3.39, 2.99 and 7.42, respectively. IgG immune responses with similar GMFR were also observed against SARS-CoV-2 variants, Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma and D614G. In subsets (n = 35) of participants GMFR of neutralizing immune responses against live prototype SARS-CoV-2 virus and Omicron BA.2 were similar to the IgG responses as were pseudo-neutralizing responses against SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.4/5 variants. All vaccinations were well tolerated with no vaccine-related serious adverse events and mainly transient mild-to-moderate local and systemic reactogenicity. Heterologous boosting with full or half doses of ChAdOx1-S or a half dose of BNT162b2 was safe and immunogenic in CoronaVac-primed adults, but seroresponse rates were limited by high baseline immunity

Rhizobium Presence and Functions in Microbiomes of Non-leguminous Plants

The genus Rhizobium is well known in the context of its interaction with leguminous plants. The symbiosis Rhizobium-legume constitutes a significant source of ammonia in the biosphere. Rhizobium species have been studied and applied as biofertilizers for decades in legumes and nonlegumes, due to the potential as N-fixer and plant growth promoter. Since its discovery, conventional culture-dependent techniques were used to isolate Rhizobium members from their natural niche, the nodule, and their identification was routinely performed via 16S rRNA gene and different housekeeping genes. Biotechnological advances based on the use of omics-based technologies showed that species belonging to the genus Rhizobium are keystone taxa in several diverse environments, such as forests, agricultural land, Arctic, and Antarctic ecosystems, contaminated soils and plant-associated microbiota. In this chapter, we will summarize the advances in the study of the Rhizobium genus, from culturomics strategies to modern omics methodologies, mostly based on next-generation sequencing approaches. These cutting-edge molecular approaches are fundamental in the study of the behavior of Rhizobium species in their interaction with Non-leguminous plants, supporting their potential as an ecological alternative to chemical fertilizers in the battle against Climatic Change