Improved export hay quality characters of oat

Producing oat hay has increased across the southern region of Australia to meet growing export demand over the last five years. More than 500,000 t of oat hay was exported in 2003. Market growth is dependent on producing oat hay that is consistently palatable each year. During this time grading systems have been refined by hay processors to include water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), dry matter digestibility (DMD), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), and acid detergent fibre (ADF). There is increased emphasis in the breeding program to improve oat varieties for hay production. The outcomes of the breeding program are to release oat varieties with higher hay production, improved disease resistance, and enhanced hay quality. High DMD and WSC with low NDF and ADF combine to provide more consistently palatable oat hay for export markets. The study was conducted to determine if our hay quality evaluation strategy was effective and to assess if there were significant differences between a selected group of varieties and breeding lines for WSC, DMD, NDF, and ADF. Replicated hay quality data for 12 oat varieties and breeding lines were generated from two sites in South Australia and three replications in 2002. Hay samples were bulked from three replications for 11 varieties and breeding lines at nine sites in 2002. Hay quality was evaluated for 36 entries using three replications at three sites and 14 entries at one site in South Australia in 2003. Hay quality was also evaluated for 18 entries sown at three sites in Western Australia. NIR predictions for the WSC, DMD, NDF, ADF were provided by FEEDTEST® located in Hamilton, Victoria. Comparison of replicated data from limited sites and bulked samples from several sites showed the sampling error was greatest from the bulked samples. To achieve a sampling error of 5%, two replications were needed for WSC and ADF. Significant variety differences were found for DMD, WSC, NDF, and ADF in the first year. Quality results for 2003 will be presented at the conference.vokMyynti MTT tietopalvelu

Commercialisation of improved hay oat varieties in southern Australia

Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC) are the joint owners of new hay oat varieties emanating from SARDI s oat breeding program. SARDI was seeking a unique approach to varietal commercialisation. Rather than commercialising each oat hay variety as they become ready for release, SARDI was seeking longer term support from a company or companies closely aligned with the hay industry. Therefore the commercial license was granted for a period of five years rather than on a variety by variety basis. The licensee s role would be to support the development and commercialisation of oat varieties suitable for hay production. The requirements of the successful licensee were to provide: 1) a national focus or be capable of expanding to become a national body, 2) alignment with the export and domestic hay industry, 3) comment to SARDI s oat hay breeding program from end users and hay producers, 4) unlimited access to the varieties, and establishment of an alliance with a recognised seed producing organisation. The primary objective of this alliance is to provide low cost, quality assured seed, in large volumes to hay producers. The commercial license was granted to the Australian Export Company (AEXCO) in 2001. This company was initally made up of eight export oaten hay processors, seven from South Australia and one from Victoria. Membership of AEXCO has expanded to 18 and includes new members in Victoria, Western Australia and New South Wales. In 2002 AEXCO signed an alliance with the Australian Field Crop Association (AFCA) whose primary function is to multiply and distribute seed. Wintaroo was the first of the varieties to be released in 2002 and 1392 t of seed was produced despite a national drought. This seed was sown in all four states and produced a total of 60,000 t of export hay. About 3500 t of seed was produced for hay production in 2004. The impact of this commercial strategy has resulted in widespread uptake of Wintaroo representing 25% of national export hay production.vokMyynti MTT tietopalvelu

Mapping of quantitative trait loci for yield, quality and disease resistance

A genetic map was produced to identify loci contributing to disease resistance, quality and yield of oat. An F8 single-seed descent population of 170 lines was produced from the cross Potoroo x Mortlock. This population segregated for several disease resistances derived from the dwarf feed variety Potoroo and a number of quality traits contributed by the tall milling quality variety Mortlock. The F8 lines were evaluated for 35 agronomic, quality and disease resistance traits at three sites for up to three years. A genetic map of 24 linkage groups covering 2145 cM was produced using this population. The map currently consists of 45 RFLP, 14 SSR and 381 AFLP markers. Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) for cereal cyst nematode resistance and tolerance were identified. A single nucleotide polymorphism assay was developed for one of these loci. Two major QTLs for yield were observed, both contributed by Potoroo. Two major QTLs were found to control the quality characteristics of Mortlock, with one linked in repulsion to a dwarfing gene in Potoroo. A number of QTLs contributed to grain weight, oil content and protein levels. A summary of the major QTLs, their interactions and the opportunities to combine them to obtain the desired breeding outcomes will be presented.vokMyynti MTT tietopalvelu

New winter wheat varieties : Rohde - a winter club wheat

Published September 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

New winter wheat varieties : Hoff - a hard, red, winter wheat

Published July 1992. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

Achievements and impact of the Collaborative Oat Research Enterprise (CORE)

The Collaborative Oat Research Enterprise (CORE) was initiated in 2009 and ran until approximately 2014. It consisted of a set of coordinated projects, funded investigators, and collaborators who were united by an over-arching goal of developing modern tools for genomics and molecular breeding in oat. Principle outcomes of the CORE included: (1) sets of experimental germplasm, (2) a comprehensive cDNA library and sequence resource, (3) a SNP genotyping array, (4) genotyping-by-sequencing methods, (5) genotype/phenotype data housed in a relational database, (6) a complete consensus linkage map, and (7) a foundational study on population structure, linkage disequilibrium, and adaptation in cultivated oat. Here, we present the results of an impact assessment, which includes a survey sent to 130 scientists in the oat community. Of the 56 survey respondents, 15 were principle CORE investigators, 21 were nonfunded collaborators, and 20 were not involved with CORE. A majority (37) of respondents considered that CORE results were essential and/or had been used substantially in oat research, while 29 respondents considered that the results were essential and/or would be used substantially in oat breeding. Respondents also evaluated the impact of each individual CORE outcome on their own research. Most responses ranged between ?indirect benefit? to ?essential?, with the consensus map showing the highest proportion of ?essential? ratings. Nevertheless, there were between two and ten respondents per question who gave responses of ?I don?t know? or ?no benefit?. An examination of text-based responses to ?lessons learned? and ?recommendations? suggested that there were a small number of researchers who felt excluded from the CORE project, or who considered that communication could have been improved. These and other lessons may provide guidance to future large multi-institutional research enterprises. We also assessed the impact of CORE through 33 key citations, and through a tabulation of 30 new research projects dependent on CORE results. From this, we conclude that CORE has had a major impact in enabling and encouraging ongoing research, and in building a strong and vibrant oat research community