Supplementary Table 2 Primer sequences

Primer sequences used to amplify 60 microsatellites used to adjust for population structure during association analyses

Supplementary Table 3 Polymorphism levels of markers

Polymorphism levels of markers used to test association of markers with the blue-eyed white phenotype. Markers 55270241 and KKDR3 were monomorphic and so not included in this table or further analyses

Supplementary Table 1 Microsatellite loci employed for association analyses

Flanking and intragenic markers employed for the association analysis with KIT, their product size in numbers of base pairs, number of alleles detected and their position in KIT or in relation to KIT

Additional file 3: Figure S1. of Adaptive genomic evolution of opsins reveals that early mammals flourished in nocturnal environments

Species-specific evolutionary rate for mammalian opsins. ω-lineages were standardized subtracting the median and divided by the interquartile range. Coloured circles correspond to the species subjected to branch selection tests and significant results are indicated with an asterisk (*). (PDF 501 kb

Additional file 4: Table S3. of Adaptive genomic evolution of opsins reveals that early mammals flourished in nocturnal environments

Species-specific branch selection tests. The one-ratio model (H0) was tested against the two-ratios model considering the alternative hypotheses (H1) of verifying differentiated ω-ratio in the indicated branch. lnL is the logarithm of the model likelihood and the LRT is the likelihood ratio test. All the LRT comparisons were performed with 1 degree of freedom. Significant alternative hypothesis are marked with an asterisk (*) considering a Bonferroni corrected p-value of 0.002 (24 test comparisons). (PDF 278 kb

Additional file 10: Table S7. of Adaptive genomic evolution of opsins reveals that early mammals flourished in nocturnal environments

Dataset of the eco-morphological variables for the studied mammalian species. Variables: activity pattern (nocturnal, cathemeral and diurnal), VS and UVS OPN1sw1 sensitivity, orbit convergence (degrees, °) and visual acuity (cycle per degree, cpd). OPN1sw1 inactive copies were indicated with an asterisk (*) in the column of the sw1 86 site. Data retrieved from the references [5, 11, 65–72]. (XLSX 22 kb

Characteristics of Competitors in Natural Survivals

Title: Characteristics ofcompetitors in natural survivals Aim: This graduation paper brings a comprehensive overview about the sport branch "natural survival", its organization, structure and race character. The main aim is to :find the characteristics of a group of competitors, their preparation, equipment, way of living and specializations. Method: Research material for our graduation paper has been collected through: Results: Quantitative data collection - a questionnaire. Document analysis, analysis of written materials and websites - qualitative content analysis. Preparation ofcompetitors for these races is not speci:fic. Race attractiveness decides the most about the competitors' participation in individua! races, and race duration decides the least. It is possible to include these races for testing skills, abilities and team cooperation for common sports people with the doser relation to outdoor sports. Comparison of number of competitors in the last years has confinned that the number ofcompetitors has settled down. A new sport branch "natural survival" has been formed. Keywords: Natural survival, sociological research, competitors' preparation and equipment, communication. Strana

Additional file 15: Table S11. of Bone-associated gene evolution and the origin of flight in birds

Covariance between dS, ω (dN/dS), gc content, and the three body mass measures (minimum, maximum and average) in 45 bird genomes using gene-based tree. The upper triangle shows the values obtained for all birds and the lower triangle excluding flightless birds. Each cell represent the covariance values and posterior probability are the bracketed values, posterior probability (** - < = 0.025 or > =0.975; * - < =0.05 or > =0.95) are highlighted in bold for the statistically significant correlations. (DOC 35 kb

Additional file 14: Figure S4. of Bone-associated gene evolution and the origin of flight in birds

Body mass association with ω (dN/dS). Avian cladogram showing from CoEvol, the labels are the estimated ω (minimum maximum) for each branch on top and the estimated weight (minimum maximum). (DOC 423 kb

Additional file 4: Table S2. of Bone-associated gene evolution and the origin of flight in birds

Positively selected sites of bone-associated genes in Mammalian dataset after multiple testing correction. The alignment length is on Amino acids (aa). Gene in bold are positively selected under the comparison M2a vs M1a. Q-value estimations for multiple testing are represented as positive selected (1) and negative selected (0). (DOC 88 kb