La structure multicaule du genévrier thurifère : avantage adaptatif à un environnement sévère ?

International audienc

Potentialités ligneuses d'un peuplement à Genévrier thurifère (Juniperus thurifera L.) du Haut Atlas de Marrakech (Maroc)

International audienc

Diversity of Juniperus thurifera L. Tree shapes : origins and consequences on biomass allocations

International audienc

Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of the Essential Oil of Moroccan Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters

The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oil isolated from Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) leaves, Masters originating in Morocco (Benslimane Region, Atlantic-influenced plain). The analysis of the major compounds of essential oil was performed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, and this oil is dominated by bornyl acetate (35.05%), camphor (11.17%), and α-pinene (10.84%). The antioxidant properties were evaluated by the test of the radical trap 2,2-diphényl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and the antimicrobial activity of T. articulata essential oil was tested against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli which have been inhibited from the 25 μg/mL

Phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the methanolic extracts of Euphorbia resinifera and Euphorbia echinus

Euphorbia resinifera and Euphorbia echinus are Moroccan endemic plants that are used in traditional medicine for their therapeutic properties. The aim of this research is to study the phenolic compounds content, the antioxidant and the antibacterial activities of two Euphorbiaceae species: Euphorbia resinifera and Euphorbia echinus, which were collected in Béni-Mellal and Agadir regions, respectively. The current study involved determining the concentration of phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins of our spieces using spectrophotometry. To test the antioxidant activity of the two methanolic extracts, the DPPH° technique was used.Also, the antibacterial activity against three microorganisms was tested in vitro. The quantification of phenolic compounds revealed that Euphorbia resiniferamethanolic extract had the highest concentration of phenolics. The methanolic extract of Euphorbia resinifera and Euphorbia echinus showed a higher antioxidant activity than Ascorbic acid.The antibacterial analysis showed a positive correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content. Our extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. In contrast, it had no inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli

Sub-chapter 2.4.1. Mediterranean forests, biocultural heritage and climate change

Mediterranean forests, unique ecosystems? A Mediterranean forest is defined as a forest growing under a Mediterranean climate characterized by a marked rainfall deficit in summer that causes the vegetation stress (Gauquelin 2011). Forests in the Mediterranean basin cover more than 48.2 million ha of which 35 million are located in southern Europe, 8.8 million ha in the Middle East and 4.4 million ha in North Africa (adapted from Quézel and Médail 2003; Fady and Médail 2004). The seasonality o..

Mediterranean forests, biocultural heritage and climate change : a social-ecological perspective

International audienc

Mediterranean forests, biocultural heritage and climate change : a social-ecological perspective

International audienc

Mediterranean forests, land use and climate change : a social-ecological perspective

Mediterranean forests are found in the Mediterranean basin, California, the South African Cape Province, South and southwestern Australia and parts of Central Chile. They represent 1.8 % of the world forest areas of which the vast majority is found in the Mediterranean basin, where historical and paleogeographic episodes, long-term human influence and geographical and climatic contrasts have created ecosystemic diversity and heterogeneity. Even if evergreen is dominant, deciduous trees are also represented, with different forest types including dense stands with a closed canopy (forests sensu stricto) and pre-forestal or pre-steppic structures with lower trees density and height. The Mediterranean basin is also a hot spot of forest species and genetic diversity, with 290 woody species versus only 135 for non-Mediterranean Europe. However, the characteristics of the Mediterranean area (long-standing anthropogenic pressure, significant current human activity and broad biodiversity) make it one of the world’s regions most threatened by current changes. Four examples of Mediterranean forest types, present in south and north of the Mediterranean basin and more or less threatened, are developed in order to show that linking “hard sciences” and humanities and social sciences is necessary to understand these complex ecosystems. We show also that these forests, in spite of specific climatic constraints, can also be healthy and productive and play a major ecological and social role. Furthermore, even if the current human activity and global change constitute a risk for these exceptional ecosystems, Mediterranean forests represent a great asset and opportunities for the future of the Mediterranean basin