Knocking in an Internal-combustion Engine

The question remains open of the relation between the phenomena of knocking in the engine and the explosion wave. The solution of this problem is the object of this paper. The tests were conducted on an aircraft engine with a pyrex glass window in the cylinder head. Photographs were then taken of various combinations of fuels and conditions

Analyzing the social impacts of scooters with geo-spatial methods

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Scooters, or gasoline powered two-wheelers, are becoming increasingly popular in the Netherlands. They provide fast, independent and affordable transportation, especially in urban congested areas. Unfortunately, they also have considerable adverse impacts on the environment and human health. The three most prominent impacts are associated with air pollution, noise pollution and traffic accidents. While the total contribution of emissions by scooters is relatively small compared to total traffic related emissions, they have a disproportionally large impact on their direct environment, especially when sharing roads with bicycles as in the Netherlands, where they are characterized as super-polluters. A scoping GIS based assessment, using theoretical and available secondary data, could identify routes with highest likelihood of scooter presence to estimate exhaust and noise impacts and related traffic accidents. Estimated are provided for the total population, and the number of childcare facilities within the impact areas. For future projections four different scenarios are analyzed. For the case study of the town of Enschede in the Netherlands the present noise/exhaust environmental impact of scooters is affecting at least 30% of the population and in the future this number can increase to 38%–53%

Determination of the electromagnetic character of soft dipole modes solely based on quasicontinuous gamma spectroscopy

We show that the combined analysis of the quasicontinuous gamma spectra from the (He-3,alpha) and the (n-thermal,2gamma) reactions gives the possibility to measure the electromagnetic character of soft dipole resonances. Two-step gamma-cascade spectra have been calculated, using level densities and radiative strength functions from the (He-3,alpha gamma) reaction. The calculations show that the intensity of the two-step cascades depends on the electromagnetic character of the soft dipole resonance under study. The difference reaches 40-100% which can be measured experimentally.Comment: 9 pages including 1 table and 2 figure

Results of Investigations and Recommendations Regarding How to Reduce Excessive Weight in People

In this paper we describe some important aspects regarding the problem of excessive weight in people and attempts to reduce this. Very often people suffer from this situation and do not use effective methods; for example, they may take inappropriate medical tablets/drugs, turn to a witch-doctor or fortune-teller, try to eat only vegetables and fruit, and so forth. Unfortunately, these approaches do not work well in all cases. Due to age and health condition, not everybody can maintain regular exercise. This motivates the approach described in this paper, where our methods for three persons help both to maintain normal weight over many years and to reduce it incrementally to a comfortable level. Calculations were made using results in MathCad for the investigations and recommendations regarding how to reduce excessive weight in people