1,957 research outputs found
Analysis of the Equilibrium and Kinetics of the Ankyrin Repeat Protein Myotrophin
We apply the Wako-Saito-Munoz-Eaton model to the study of Myotrophin, a small
ankyrin repeat protein, whose folding equilibrium and kinetics have been
recently characterized experimentally. The model, which is a native-centric
with binary variables, provides a finer microscopic detail than the Ising
model, that has been recently applied to some different repeat proteins, while
being still amenable for an exact solution. In partial agreement with the
experiments, our results reveal a weakly three-state equilibrium and a
two-state-like kinetics of the wild type protein despite the presence of a
non-trivial free-energy profile. These features appear to be related to a
careful "design" of the free-energy landscape, so that mutations can alter this
picture, stabilizing some intermediates and changing the position of the
rate-limiting step. Also the experimental findings of two alternative pathways,
an N-terminal and a C-terminal one, are qualitatively confirmed, even if the
variations in the rates upon the experimental mutations cannot be
quantitatively reproduced. Interestingly, folding and unfolding pathway appear
to be different, even if closely related: a property that is not generally
considered in the phenomenological interpretation of the experimental data.Comment: 27 pages, 7 figure
Role of Affect and Risk–Benefit Perception on Reckless Betting: Prior Wins and Losses Both Lead to Risky Bets
勝ちばかりでも、負けばかりでも、「無謀な賭け」につながる --望み薄なギャンブルに賭けてしまうのはなぜか?--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2021-10-20.People who have experienced many gambling wins tend to make larger bets even when they are unlikely to win (reckless betting) than those who have experienced many losses. This study examined psychological factors underlying reckless betting when gambling from the perspectives of affect and risk–benefit perception. University students (N = 63) participated in an experiment using the Acey-Deucey Task, in which the number of wins and losses during the 1st session was experimentally manipulated such that there were either 24, 12, or 6 wins out of 30 trials. Positive–negative affect and perceived risk–benefit during the task were assessed by self-report. Betting recklessness during the 2nd session was calculated using winning probability and bet size data in each trial. The results indicated that experiencing few prior wins, that is, many prior losses decreased positive affect and perceived benefits of betting and increased negative affect and perceived risks of betting. Path analysis results suggested that gambler's positive and negative affect altered perceived benefits of betting, which influenced reckless betting. Although participants that experienced more prior wins made more reckless bets similar to previous studies, there were no statistical differences between the three groups. Time-series analysis revealed that participants who experienced many prior losses made increasingly reckless bets at the end of the gambling task. We have discussed other potential variables that might have influenced recklessness, and the time-series analysis’ implications on reckless betting and loss-chasing
An Online Decision-Theoretic Pipeline for Responder Dispatch
The problem of dispatching emergency responders to service traffic accidents,
fire, distress calls and crimes plagues urban areas across the globe. While
such problems have been extensively looked at, most approaches are offline.
Such methodologies fail to capture the dynamically changing environments under
which critical emergency response occurs, and therefore, fail to be implemented
in practice. Any holistic approach towards creating a pipeline for effective
emergency response must also look at other challenges that it subsumes -
predicting when and where incidents happen and understanding the changing
environmental dynamics. We describe a system that collectively deals with all
these problems in an online manner, meaning that the models get updated with
streaming data sources. We highlight why such an approach is crucial to the
effectiveness of emergency response, and present an algorithmic framework that
can compute promising actions for a given decision-theoretic model for
responder dispatch. We argue that carefully crafted heuristic measures can
balance the trade-off between computational time and the quality of solutions
achieved and highlight why such an approach is more scalable and tractable than
traditional approaches. We also present an online mechanism for incident
prediction, as well as an approach based on recurrent neural networks for
learning and predicting environmental features that affect responder dispatch.
We compare our methodology with prior state-of-the-art and existing dispatch
strategies in the field, which show that our approach results in a reduction in
response time with a drastic reduction in computational time.Comment: Appeared in ICCPS 201
Biomineralization in Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum
金沢大学Scedule:17-18 March 2003, Vemue: Kanazawa, Japan, Kanazawa Citymonde Hotel, Project Leader : Hayakawa, Kazuichi, Symposium Secretariat: XO kamata, Naoto, Edited by:Kamata, Naoto
Growth and applications of GeSn-related group-IV semiconductor materials
We review the technology of Ge1−xSnx-related group-IV semiconductor materials for developing Si-based nanoelectronics. Ge1−xSnx-related materials provide novel engineering of the crystal growth, strain structure, and energy band alignment for realising various applications not only in electronics, but also in optoelectronics. We introduce our recent achievements in the crystal growth of Ge1−xSnx-related material thin films and the studies of the electronic properties of thin films, metals/Ge1−xSnx, and insulators/Ge1−xSnx interfaces. We also review recent studies related to the crystal growth, energy band engineering, and device applications of Ge1−xSnx-related materials, as well as the reported performances of electronic devices using Ge1−xSnx related materials
磁性細菌Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum MS-1におけるマグネタイト生合成経路に関する研究
取得学位:博士(理学),学位授与番号:博甲第624号,学位授与年月日:平成16年3月25日,学位授与年:200
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