Culícideos areas found in the next pool of old National Park in Brasilia (DF)

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a fauna de culícideos presentes no entorno da piscina velha do Parque Nacional de Brasília após o registro de epizootias de primatas não-humanos humanos e de alguns casos humanos de febre amarela silvestre. As informações das coletas dos culícedeos foram georeferenciados e espacializados com o uso de um Sistema de Informações Geográficas e de Sensoriamento Remoto. Os resultados permitiram identificar as espécies de culícedeos presentes no entorno da piscina velha do Parque Nacional de Brasil e de mostrar a importância do uso ferramentas de análise espacial para o auxílio de levantamentos entomológicos e epidemiológicos de áreas propícias para o de senvolvimento de possíveis epizootias. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis paper aims to examine the fauna of culícideos present in the environment of the old pool of the National Park of Brasilia after the record of epidemics of human nonhuman primates and some human cases of yellow fever wild. The information collected from the culícedeos were georeferenced and with the use of a Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing. The results helped identify the species of culícedeos present in the environment of the old pool of the National Park of Brazil and show the importance of the use of spatial analysis tools to the aid of entomological and epidemiological surveys of areas conducive to the development of possible epidemics

Mitochondrial PCR-RFLP Assay to Distinguish Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma

Triatoma brasiliensis sensu lato (s.l.), the main vector of Chagas disease in northeastern Brazil, is a species complex comprising four species, one with two subspecies (T. brasiliensis brasiliensis, T. brasiliensis macromelasoma, T. juazeirensis, T. sherlocki, and T. melanica), and each taxon displaying distinct ecological requirements. In order to evaluate the genetic relationships among nine T. brasiliensis s.l. populations from northeastern Brazil, we analyzed their mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 sequences and suggested a PCR-RFLP assay to distinguish between T. b. macromelasoma and T. b. brasiliensis subspecies. All the specimens were morphologically identified as T. b. brasiliensis. The resulting phylogenies identified two major clades that are congruent with the geographical populations studied. Based on collection sites and in accordance with type-location, one clade was identified as the subspecies T. b. macromelasoma. The second clade grouped T. b. brasiliensis populations. Restriction endonuclease sites were observed in the sequences and used in PCR-RFLP assays, producing distinct fingerprints for T. b. macromelasoma and T. b. brasiliensis populations. The results suggest that these are different species and that gene flow occurs only among T. b. brasiliensis populations, possibly associated with human activity in the area

Occurrence of Panstrongylus guentheri Berg (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

Relata-se a primeira ocorrência de Panstrongylus guentheri Berg no Brasil. Essa espécie, até então, havia sido observada somente na Argentina, Paraguai, Bolívia e Uruguai. Desta feita, amplia-se a distribuição geográfica desse Triatominae por meio de dois exemplares capturados nos municípios de Bodoquena e Itaporã, ambos no Mato Grosso do Sul. Esses exemplares estavam em ambiente intradomiciliarThe first occurrence of Panstrongylus guentheri Berg in Brazil is presented. This species had been reported only in the territories of Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia and Uruguay. We have extended the geographic distribution of this Triatominae, with two specimens captured in Bodoquena and Itaporã cities, both in Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. These specimens were found in the intradomestic environmen

Financiamento de pesquisas sobre dengue no Brasil, 2004-2020

RESUMO A dengue representa um importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil devido às constantes epidemias causadas pela doença no País. Este estudo objetivou analisar o financiamento de pesquisas sobre dengue pelo Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia do Ministério da Saúde e parceiros no período de 2004 a 2020. Analisou-se a tendência do financiamento por regressão linear generalizada do tipo Prais-Winster e sua distribuição entre as regiões e Unidades Federadas brasileiras, modalidades de contratação das pesquisas, instituições beneficiadas e temas estudados. Entre 2004 e 2020, financiaram-se 232 pesquisas (R$ 164,03 milhões), realizadas, em sua maioria, em instituições da região Sudeste (77,55%), abordando especialmente a temática controle vetorial (37,93%). A tendência de financiamento foi estacionária nos anos estudados. As chamadas estaduais foram a principal forma de modalidade de contratação das pesquisas (65,95%). Houve diferença estatisticamente significante na distribuição do valor financiado entre as modalidades de contratação, bem como no número de pesquisas financiadas e valor financiado entre as regiões brasileiras. Esses achados demonstram a importância de monitorar o financiamento de pesquisas sobre dengue no Brasil e de implementar estratégias de avaliação das pesquisas financiadas, para subsidiar e aprimorar a política de enfrentamento da doença e de seu vetor

Catalog of the entomologic collections of the Faculty of Public Health of the University of Sao Paulo - (2nd series ii) : Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae)

This article reports a list with 912 specimens of the subfamily Triatominae deposited in the Entomological Collection of the Faculty of Public Health of the University of Sao Paulo. The collection is composed of 1 holotype, 3 alotypes, 15 paralectotypes, 77 paratypes, distributed in 5 tribes and 12 genera: Tribus Alberprosenini: genus Alberprosenia Martinez & Carcavallo, 1977; Tribus Bolboderini: genus Microtriatoma Prosen & Martinez, 1952; Tribus Cavernicolini: genus Cavernicola Barber, 1937; Tribus Rhodnini: genus Psammolestes Bergroth, 1941; genus Rhodnius Stal, 1859; Tribus Triatomini: genus Dipetalogaster Usinger 1939; genus Eratyrus Stal 1859; genus Hermanlentia Jurberg & Galvão, 1997; genus Linshcosteus Distant, 1904; 1944; genus Panstrongylus Berg 1879; genus Paratriatoma Barber 1938; genus Triatoma Laporte 1833

Susceptibility of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) collected in the field, to alpha-cypermethrin in four municipalities endemic to leishmaniasis

Although the chemical control against leishmaniasis began in 1953 in Brazil, little information is available on how this strategy has affected populations of phlebotomine sandflies in the field. The objective of this study was to analyze the susceptibility profile of four populations of phlebotomine sandflies to the insecticide alpha-cypermethrin. Sandflies collected in field in four Brazilian municipalities were evaluated using CDC bottles in different concentrations of alpha-cypermethrin. A total of 1,186 phlebotomine sandflies were used in the bioassays. The LD50 ranged from 1.48 to 2.57 ug/mL in the field populations. For a dose of 5 ug/mL of alpha-cypermethrin, the LT50 and LT95 ranged from 17.9 to 27.5 minutes, and LT95 from 39.7 to 61.5 minutes, respectively. All the populations studied were highly susceptible to the insecticide alpha-cypermethrin. Routine studies are needed to detect changes in sandflies susceptibility to insecticides

Monitoring the susceptibility of Triatoma sordida Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) to deltamethrin insecticide, in Central-Western Brazil

INTRODUÇÃO: Populações de Triatoma sordida Stål, 1859 foram investigadas quanto à suscetibilidade à deltametrina. MÉTODOS: Análise por meio de bioensaios por aplicação tópica em 11 populações de T. sordida procedentes dos Estados de Goiás, Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul. RESULTADOS: As estimativas de DL50 e RR50 demonstraram elevados níveis de suscetibilidade (DL50 < 1 e RR50 < 2). Entretanto, as análises do coeficiente angular da curva dose resposta revelaram que as populações de triatomíneos dos municípios de Firminópolis/GO, Posse/GO, Poxoréu/MT, Douradina/MS e Aparecida do Taboado/MS apresentam maiores probabilidades de evolução de resistência, portanto, mais propícias a tolerar o tratamento com deltametrina. CONCLUSÕES: Detectaram-se pequenas alterações de suscetibilidade e baixos níveis de resistência, porém as alterações temporais de suscetibilidade deverão ser continuamente monitoradas, a fim de nortear adequadamente as ações de controle dos vetores da DC.INTRODUCTION: Triatoma sordida Stål, 1859 populations were investigated for susceptibility to deltamethrin. METHODS: This study aimed to analyze the resistance of 11 populations of insects from the States of Goiás, Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul by topical application bioassays. RESULTS: The estimated LD50 and RR50 showed high levels of susceptibility (LD50 < 1 and RR50 < 2). However, analysis of the slope of the dose response curve showed that the populations of insects in the towns of Firminópolis/GO, Posse/GO, Poxoréu/MT, Douradina/MS and Aparecida do Taboado/MS present great probability of evolving resistance and, thus, are more likely to tolerate treatment with deltamethrin. CONCLUSIONS: Small changes in susceptibility and low levels of resistance were detected, but the temporal changes of susceptibility should be continuously monitored to adequately guide the actions of vector-control of DC

The role of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations: potential Leishmania spp. vectors in the Brazilian savanna

Background: knowledge on synanthropic phlebotomines and their natural infection by Leishmania is necessary for the identification of potential areas for leishmaniasis occurrence. Objective: to analyse the occurrence of Phlebotominae in gallery forests and household units (HUs) in the city of Palmas and to determine the rate of natural infection by trypanosomatids. Methods: gallery forests and adjacent household areas were sampled on July (dry season) and November (rainy season) in 2014. The total sampling effort was 960 HP light traps and eight Shannon traps. Trypanosomatids were detected in Phlebotominae females through the amplification of the SSU rDNA region, and the positive samples were used in ITS1-PCR. Trypanosomatid species were identified using sequencing. Findings: a total of 1,527 sand flies representing 30 species were captured in which 949 (28 spp.) and 578 (22 spp.) were registered in July and November, respectively. In July, more specimens were captured in the gallery forests than in the HUs, and Nyssomyia whitmani was particularly frequent. In November, most of the specimens were found in the HUs, and again, Ny. whitmani was the predominant species. Lutzomyia longipalpis was commonly found in domestic areas, while Bichromomyia flaviscutellata was most frequent in gallery forests. Molecular analysis of 154 pools of females (752 specimens) identified Leishmania amazonensis, L. infantum, and Crithidia fasciculata in Ny. whitmani, as well as L. amazonensis in Lu. longipalpis, Trypanosoma sp. and L. amazonensis in Pintomyia christenseni, and L. amazonensis in both Psathyromyia hermanlenti and Evandromyia walkeri. Main conclusions: these results show the importance of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations in the dry month, as well as their frequent occurrence in household units in the rainy month. This is the first study to identify Leishmania, Trypanosoma, and Crithidia species in Phlebotominae collected in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil