N-oxide alkaloids from Crinum amabile (Amaryllidaceae)

Natural products play an important role in the development of new drugs. In this context, the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have attracted considerable attention in view of their unique structural features and various biological activities. In this study, twenty-three alkaloids were identified from Crinum amabile by GC-MS and two new structures (augustine N-oxide and buphanisine N-oxide) were structurally elucidated by NMR. Anti-parasitic and cholinesterase (AChE and BuChE) inhibitory activities of six alkaloids isolated from this species, including the two new compounds, are described herein. None of the alkaloids isolated from C. amabile gave better results than the reference drugs, so it was possible to conclude that the N-oxide group does not increase their therapeutic potential

N-oxide alkaloids from Crinum amabile (Amaryllidaceae)

Natural products play an important role in the development of new drugs. In this context, the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have attracted considerable attention in view of their unique structural features and various biological activities. In this study, twenty-three alkaloids were identified from Crinum amabile by GC-MS and two new structures (augustine N-oxide and buphanisine N-oxide) were structurally elucidated by NMR. Anti-parasitic and cholinesterase (AChE and BuChE) inhibitory activities of six alkaloids isolated from this species, including the two new compounds, are described herein. None of the alkaloids isolated from C. amabile gave better results than the reference drugs, so it was possible to conclude that the N-oxide group does not increase their therapeutic potential

Hippeastrum reticulatum (Amaryllidaceae) : alkaloid profiling, biological activities and molecular docking

The Amaryllidaceae family has proven to be a rich source of active compounds, which are characterized by unique skeleton arrangements and a broad spectrum of biological activities. The aim of this work was to perform the first detailed study of the alkaloid constituents of Hippeastrum reticulatum (Amaryllidaceae) and to determine the anti-parasitological and cholinesterase (AChE and BuChE) inhibitory activities of the epimers (6 -hydroxymaritidine and 6 -hydroxymaritidine). Twelve alkaloids were identified in H. reticulatum: eight known alkaloids by GC-MS and four unknown (6 -hydroxymaritidine, 6 -hydroxymaritidine, reticulinine and isoreticulinine) by NMR. The epimer mixture (6 -hydroxymaritidine and 6 -hydroxymaritidine) showed low activity against all protozoan parasites tested and weak AChE-inhibitory activity. Finally, a molecular docking analysis of AChE and BuChE proteins showed that isoreticulinine may be classified as a potential inhibitory molecule since it can be stabilized in the active site through hydrogen bonds, - stacking and hydrophobic interactions

The Anti-Cholinesterase Potential of Fifteen Different Species of Narcissus L. (Amaryllidaceae) Collected in Spain

Narcissus L. is a renowned plant genus with a notable center of diversity and is primarily located in the Mediterranean region. These plants are widely recognized for their ornamental value, owing to the beauty of their flowers; nonetheless, they also hold pharmacological importance. In Europe, pharmaceutical companies usually use the bulbs of Narcissus pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton to extract galanthamine, which is one of the few medications approved by the FDA for the palliative treatment of mild-to-moderate symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of these plants in Alzheimer’s disease. The alkaloid extract from the leaves of different species of Narcissus was obtained by an acid-base extraction work-up -procedure. The biological potential of the samples was carried out by evaluating their ability to inhibit the enzymes acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase (AChE and BuChE, respectively). The species N. jacetanus exhibited the best inhibition values against AChE, with IC50 values of 0.75 ± 0.03 µg·mL−1, while N. jonquilla was the most active against BuChE, with IC50 values of 11.72 ± 1.15 µg·mL−1.Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnologia para el Desarrollo (CYTED, 223RT0140)

N-oxide alkaloids from Crinum amabile (Amaryllidaceae)

Natural products play an important role in the development of new drugs. In this context, the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have attracted considerable attention in view of their unique structural features and various biological activities. In this study, twenty-three alkaloids were identified from; Crinum amabile; by GC-MS and two new structures (augustine; N; -oxide and buphanisine; N; -oxide) were structurally elucidated by NMR. Anti-parasitic and cholinesterase (AChE and BuChE) inhibitory activities of six alkaloids isolated from this species, including the two new compounds, are described herein. None of the alkaloids isolated from; C. amabile; gave better results than the reference drugs, so it was possible to conclude that the; N; -oxide group does not increase their therapeutic potential

In vitro Antiplasmodial Activities of Alkaloids Isolated from Roots of Worsleya procera (Lem.) Traub (Amaryllidaceae)

A combined phytochemical, crystallographic and biological study of Worsleya procera roots was performed. Fifteen alkaloids were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and seven of them were isolated. The structures of the alkaloids were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, and a detailed crystallographic study of tazettine was carried out. The isolated alkaloids and the obtained extracts were tested in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum (3D7 and K1 strains) and human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2) to assess their antiplasmodial and cytotoxic effects, respectively. One of the isolated alkaloid derivatives, lycorine, exhibited antiplasmodial activity against both sensitive (3D7) and resistant (K1) parasite strains in the low micromolar range (half-maximal sample inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 2.5 and 3.1 µM, respectively) and displayed a low cytotoxicity profile, with a selectivity index greater than 100. Our findings indicate that lycorine is a hit for antimalarial drug discovery. Keywords: isoquinolinic alkaloids; Amaryllidaceae; Plasmodium falciparum; lycorine; tazettin

Hippeastrum reticulatum (Amaryllidaceae): alkaloid profiling, biological activities and molecular docking

The Amaryllidaceae family has proven to be a rich source of active compounds, which are characterized by unique skeleton arrangements and a broad spectrum of biological activities. The aim of this work was to perform the first detailed study of the alkaloid constituents of Hippeastrum reticulatum (Amaryllidaceae) and to determine the anti-parasitological and cholinesterase (AChE and BuChE) inhibitory activities of the epimers (6α-hydroxymaritidine and 6β-hydroxymaritidine). Twelve alkaloids were identified in H. reticulatum: eight known alkaloids by GC-MS and four unknown (6α-hydroxymaritidine, 6β-hydroxymaritidine, reticulinine and isoreticulinine) by NMR. The epimer mixture (6α-hydroxymaritidine and 6β-hydroxymaritidine) showed low activity against all protozoan parasites tested and weak AChE-inhibitory activity. Finally, a molecular docking analysis of AChE and BuChE proteins showed that isoreticulinine may be classified as a potential inhibitory molecule since it can be stabilized in the active site through hydrogen bonds, π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions

Respirometry and Ruminant Nutrition

The gaseous exchange between an organism and the environment is measured by respirometry or indirect calorimetry. Once the oxygen consumption (O2) and the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are known, the energy losses by gas and heat can be calculated. Energy metabolism and methane production have been studied in the Calorimetry and Metabolism Laboratory of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, located in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Animals used are mainly Zebu cattle and their crossbreeds that represent most beef and dairy cattle breed grazed on tropical pastures. System calibration and routine work are addressed in this text. The results obtained on respirometric chambers are expressed in net energy (NE), which can be net energy for maintenance (NEm), lactation (NEL), weight gain (NEg), and pregnancy (NEp). NE is, in fact, what is used by the animal for maintenance and each productive function. The values of k (conversion efficiency of ME into NE) for maintenance (km), milk (kL), weight gain or growth (kg), and pregnancy (kp) are determined. Thanks to the peculiarity of the respirometric technique, the same animal can be evaluated several times, in different physiological states and planes of nutrition

Auditoria em enfermagem: revisão de literatura / Auditing in nursing: a literature review

Introdução: A auditoria de enfermagem é uma ferramenta de gestão com a finalidade de avaliar a qualidade da assistência prestada ao paciente com intuito de investigar se há compatibilidade entre os procedimentos realizados e os anotados para que as cobranças hospitalares sejam realizadas de maneira eficaz, para evitar possíveis irregularidades. Objetivo: Compreender a função do enfermeiro auditor no âmbito hospitalar, destacando a qualidade da assistência no serviço de saúde, através de uma revisão de literatura. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo revisão bibliográfico, realizado no ano de 2020, utilizando como fonte de pesquisa bases como Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), National Library of Medicine, Estados Unidos (MEDLINE), ScientificElectronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Google acadêmico. Os critérios de inclusão no primeiro momento foram realizados buscas de artigos relacionados a temática nos anos de 2016 a 2020, tendo assim dificuldade para encontrar artigos nesse período, prorrogamos a pesquisa para artigos de 2000 a 2020. Os critérios de exclusão adotados foram estudos publicados com duplicidade, e de língua estrangeira e que não tratem acerca da temática do estudo. Resultados: Foram encontrados no primeiro momento 3 artigos, após prorrogar o ano encontramos um total previamente avaliados 640 artigos relacionado a temática, com filtro 57 artigos e após leitura dos mesmos foram selecionados  de acordo com os critérios de inclusão 05 dos estudos analisados que  descrevem as principais alterações relacionadas com a qualidade assistencial onde o planejamento e a organização do setor e trabalho em equipe é de responsabilidade do profissional enfermeiro, onde acarreta uma maior atenção a todo e qualquer registro, visando a melhor qualidade no serviço prestado, um ambiente harmônico e redução de gastos Conclusão: Conclui-se que o enfermeiro auditor deve ter conhecimento sobre as necessidades dos pacientes de forma que venha lhes oferecer um serviço eficaz e de qualidade, com uma visão holística em todas as fases do cuidado pois, promove a empresa financeiramente através de levantamento dos custos assistenciais e planejamento para atingir metas gerenciais para custear decisões da direção da empresa