UTJECAJ RAZLIČITIH TIPOVA SUPSTRATA NA INTENZITET RASTA PRESADNICA RAZLIČITIH HIBRIDA RAJČICE (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

Tomato together with pepper is main vegetable crop in Kosovo. Yearly tomato is planted on around 2.000 ha. Quality preparation of seedling is important precondition for successful production of tomato. Substrates used in Kosovo for production of tomato seedlings are different (it is same for other different vegetables). With the aim to test the effect of feeding substrate in growth and development of seedlings during different phases three types of substrates were used: loam (soil mixed with decomposed organic manure 50:50) - SP1, Peat 100% - SP2, and mixed loam + peat (50:50) - SP3. These substrates were tested in three tomato hybrids (Graziella, Big Beef and Amati). Design of experiment was based on case block system with three repetitions for every treatment (RBDE). Analysis included: roots fresh weight, root length, seedling height, internodes length, fresh stalk weight. Regarding roots fresh weight and roots length different results were achieved for different cultivars. Average general values for all three cultivars were 8.72 g and for length 22.22 cm. Hybrid Graziella for two parameters realized average values: maximal value for root fresh weight of 13.90 g (SP2) and root length of 27.83 cm (SP1). Amati achieved lower values of weight in substrate (SP3) 5.03 g. Graziella achieved lower values for root length in substrate SP1 18.23 cm. Difference for root fresh weight and roots length were highly significant at level 0.05 and 0.01, respectively. Also for seedling height and distance between nodies the results between substrates were significant at the level 0.05 and 0.01.Rajčica i paprika najvažnije su povrtne kulture na Kosovu. Rajčica se godišnje uzgaja na oko 2.000 ha. Kvaliteta proizvedenih presadnica važna je predispozicija za uspješnu proizvodnju rajčice. Supstrati koji se na Kosovu koriste za proizvodnju presadnica su različiti. U cilju utvrđivanja utjecaja supstrata na rast i razvoj presadnica rajčice u različitim fazama korištena su tri tipa supstrata: ilovasto tlo SP1 (tlo pomiješano s razgrađenom organskom tvari 50:50), treset SP 2 i treset pomiješan s ilovastim tlom SP3 (50:50). Supstrati su testirani na tri hibrida rajčice (Graziella, Big Bef i Amati). Pokus je postavljen po shemi običnog bloknog rasporeda u tri ponavljanja. Analizirana je masa svježeg korijena, dužina korijena, dužina presadnice, dužina internodija i težina svježe stabljike. Za težinu svježe stabljike i dužinu korijena ostvareni su različiti rezultati kod različitih hibrida. Prosječna težina svježe stabljike za sva tri hibrida bila je 8,72 g, a dužina korijena 22,22 cm. Hibrid Graziella je imao najveću masu svježeg korijena 13,90 g u supstratu SP2 i najduži korijen 27,83 cm u supstratu SP1. Hibrid Amati imao je najnižu masu svježe stabljike u supstratu SP3 a bila je 5,03 g dok je Graziella imala najmanju dužinu korijena pri uzgoju u supstratu SP1 od svega 18,23 cm. Statistički visoko značajne razlike između supstrata utvrđene su za masu svježeg korijena, njegovu dužinu kao i dužinu internodij

Incidence reproductive menstrual disorders and gaccthorea hyperprolactinemia

Hyperprolactinemia is endocrinology disorder of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis- gonade which manifests with high reproductive menstrual disorders and infertility.The purpose of the paper:The purpose of the paper was to analyze the incidence of menstrual reproductive disorders (amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, polimenorrhea) and galacthorrhea in to hyperprolactinemia. Material and methodsThe study included 125 patients. In group N (with hyperprolactinemia) included 35 women with menstrual disorders, galactorrhea and infertility. In group K (with normoprolactinemia) included 90 women with menstrual disorders, galactorrhea and infertility. Results:The incidence of hyperprolactinemia N group was 28% (hyperprolactinemia = 44.77ng/ml) compared with group K with 72 % incidence (Hyperprolactinemia=8.83 ng/ml), which is statistical significance p\u3c0.0001. Amanorrhea incidence N group was 25.71 % (prolactenemia=74.49ng/ml) compared to group amanorrhea K values 5.56 % and frequency prolactenemia 14.22ng/ml is with statistical significance p \u3c0.0001. Oligomenorrhea incidence N group was 20% compared with the incidence of oligomenorrhea K groups with 7.78 % incidence. Polimenorrhea N group is presented with 11.43% incidence compared with the group K with 3.33 % incidence. Galactorrhea shown incidence 34.29% (prolactinemia =64.49ng/ml) N group compared to the values of K group with the incidence of 3.33% and (prolactenemia =15.06 ng/ml) that is with statistical signifikanc p \u3c0.0001. Statistical analyses are made through the paired t-test and unpaired t- test. Conclusion Menstrual disorders fertility (amenorrhea, oligomenorhea, polimenorrhea) and galactorrhea are measured with high incidence and statistical signifikance hyperprolactinemia compared with control group (normoprolactinemia)

Level of prolactin and progesterone at normal pregnancy

The aim of this study was to discuss the level of progesterone and prolactin during the development of normal pregnancy and determine the report of progesterone and prolactine level with pregnant women and non-pregnant women. Material and methods: In this study are included 60 women with normal pregnancy (group N) and 60 non-pregnant women (groups S). In both groups blood samples were taken from cubital veins and determination of progesterone and prolactin concentration. Group N (n=60) was selected in prospective way by eliminating from the study all the patients with pregnancy pathology. Group S (n=60) was selected in prospective way by eliminating from the study the pathology of endocrine system. Results: First results showed that the level of progesterone in significant way is raised during the pregnancy (t=t=2.589, P=0.0406 p\u3c 0.05). Prolactin is raised in significant way during the development of pregnancy. (t=3.174, p 0.0252, p\u3c0.05 ). While comparing the progesterone values with pregnant and non-pregnant women, we have ascertained that the level of progesterone in significant way was higher with pregnant women (q=10.707, p\u3c0.001). While comparing the prolactin values with pregnant and non-pregnant women, we have ascertained that the level of prolactin in significant way was higher with pregnant women (q=11.451, P \u3c 0.001). Discussion: The level of progesterone is raised due to development of placenta during pregnancy and increase of fetal area of suprarenal gland of fetus. The level of prolactin during pregnancy is raised due to effective stimulated placental steroids, estrogens, and rilizing tiretrop hormone in hypothalamus on one side and due to presence of prolactin decidul during pregnancy. Conclude: We conclude that the level of prolactin and progesterone is raised in significant way during the development of pregnancy. The values of progesterone and prolactin at pregnancy are raised in significant way comparing with non-pregnant women