A gastric stump cancer with unusual appearance

A 60 year old man was referred to our hospital with the chief complaints of abdominal pain and vomiting. He underwent a distal gastrectomy with a Billroth II gastrojejunostomy for a peptic ulcer 13 years ago. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) did not reveal any gross lesion in the stomach but depigmented areas were seen in the anastomosis line. The histopathology of the anastomotic area revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Gastric stump cancers can be polypoid, fungating, ulcerated and diffusely infiltrating tumors respectively. In our case, the appearance of adenocarcinoma was quite different from that described in the classification system

Mitochondrial DNA deletions in patients with esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus, esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

Background: Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer globally. Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) are the two major types of esophageal cancer with poor prognosis. The mechanisms of the progression of normal esophagus to Barrett’s esophagus (BE) and EA are not fully understood. Mitochondria play a central role in generating energy, apoptosis and cell proliferation. Mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been identified in many diseases including cancers. Mutations of mtDNA were investigated as a part of carcinogenesis.Objective: Our objective is to study whether the 5 kb and 7.4 kb mtDNA deletions are important in the progression of normal esophagus to BE and EA.Method: In this study, the frequency of the 5 kb and 7.4 kb deletions in mtDNA were studied in specimens ranging from nor- mal esophageal tissue to BE and EA and also from ESCC. Seventy six paraffin-embedded tissue samples were studied. Four couple primers were used.Results: Seventy-six tissue samples were analyzed total. The negative control and the positive control PCR product were detect- ed in all analyzed samples. The fusion PCR products, which represent the presence of the deletions, were not detected in any of the samples.Conclusion: We can say that, these deletions are not associated with progression of normal esophagus to BE and EA and they do not have an important role in detecting esophagitis, BE, EA, and ESSC.Keywords: Barrett's esophagus, esophageal cancer, mitochondrial DNA, 4977 bp, 7400 bp

Mitochondrial DNA deletions in patients with esophagitis, Barrett\u2019s esophagus, esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

Background: Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer globally. Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) are the two major types of esophageal cancer with poor prognosis. The mechanisms of the progression of normal esophagus to Barrett\u2019s esophagus (BE) and EA are not fully understood. Mitochondria play a central role in generating energy, apoptosis and cell proliferation. Mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been identified in many diseases including cancers. Mutations of mtDNA were investigated as a part of carcinogenesis. Objective: Our objective is to study whether the 5 kb and 7.4 kb mtDNA deletions are important in the progression of normal esophagus to BE and EA. Method: In this study, the frequency of the 5 kb and 7.4 kb deletions in mtDNA were studied in specimens ranging from normal esophageal tissue to BE and EA and also from ESCC. Seventy six paraffin-embedded tissue samples were studied. Four couple primers were used. Results: Seventy-six tissue samples were analyzed total. The negative control and the positive control PCR product were detected in all analyzed samples. The fusion PCR products, which represent the presence of the deletions, were not detected in any of the samples. Conclusion: We can say that, these deletions are not associated with progression of normal esophagus to BE and EA and they do not have an important role in detecting esophagitis, BE, EA, and ESSC. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i1.43 Cite as: Keles M, Sahin I, Kurt A, Bozoglu C, Simsek G, Kabalar E, et al. Mitochondrial DNA deletions in patients with esophagitis, Barrett\u2019s esophagus, esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Afri Health Sci. 2019;19(1). 1671-1676. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ ahs. v19i1.4

Cytomorphological Effects of Mitomycin C on Urothelial Cells: Eosinophils May Be Clue to The Drug-Induced Changes

Cytomorphological changes of mitomycin C on urothelial cells may be misinterpreted as a neoplastic process. A 60-year old male patient who was given an eight-week course of intravesical mitomycin C due to non-invasive low grade transitional cell carcinoma. During his follow-up care, the findings of a urine cytology exam were as follows: nuclear enlargement of cells, wrinkled nuclear membranes, little hyperchromasia, pleomorphism, abnormal nuclear morphology and disordered orientation of the urothelium. Furthermore, there were eosinophils nearby the atypical cells. This report aimed at reminding the cytomorphologic changes of mitomycin C may be misinterpreted as carcinoma, so the presence of eosinophils is required to predict the drug-induced changes

Immunohistochemical Expressions of the Antimicrobial Peptides (hBD-3 and hCAP-18/LL-37) in Colon, Stomach and Lung Adenocarcinomas

Kilic, Murat/0000-0002-1377-2021WOS: 000362622100001This study investigated the immunohistochemical staining characteristics of human beta defensin-3 (hBD-3) and human cationic antimicrobial peptide-18/cathelicidin (hCAP-18/LL-37) in colon, stomach and lung adenocarcinomas and normal tissues (periphery to tumor tissues) from 22, 24 and 24 patients, respectively. Expressions of hBD-3 and hCAP-18/LL-37 were assessed by immunohistochemistry for colon, stomach and lung adenocarcinomas of 70 patients from Ataturk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital and Kecioren Training and Research Hospital. both located in Ankara, Turkey. The differences between the expressions of hBD-3 and hCAP-18/LL-37 in normal and carcinoma tissues were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U Test. When the normal and tumor tissues of these cases were compared according to their staining intensity of positive staining, the hBD-3 and hCAP-18/LL-37 expressions in colon, stomach and lung adenocarcinomas cells were significantly higher than those in normal cells (p<0.05). Immunostaining of HBD-3 and hCAP-18/LL-37 was found to be a marker of malignancy in colon, stomach and lung adenocarcinomas. The expressions of hBD-3 and hCAP-18/LL-37 were, for the first time, shown to be significantly altered in colon, stomach and lung adenocarcinomas as compared to controls. In conclusion, the present findings suggest that beside the antimicrobial activity of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs), hBD-3 and hCAP-18/LL-37 can also play a role in the pathogenesis of colon, stomach and lung adenocarcinomas

The effects of acupressure and yoga for coping with premenstrual syndromes on premenstrual symptoms and quality of life.

Objective: This study aims to identify the effects of acupressure and yoga for coping with premenstrual syndromes (PMS) on the premenstrual symptoms and quality of life. Methods: This study adopted a randomized intervention design with a pretest-posttest control group. The sample consisted of 155 students with PMS complaints (50 in yoga, 51 in acupressure, and 54 in control group). The students in the intervention groups did yoga and received acupressure throughout 12 weeks. Results: It was found that the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale posttest mean score of the students was lower, and the physical health, psychological health, and environment sub-scale mean scores of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire were higher in the yoga group in comparison to the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Yoga was found to be a more effective non-pharmacological method for coping with premenstrual symptoms