High power diode-pumped solid-state laser operation in the bounce amplifier geometry

Imperial Users onl

Das Erleben von Frauen im Spannungsfeld von Mutter- und chronisch Kranksein

Hintergrund: In der Schweiz leben rund 3.4 Millionen Frauen. Ein Drittel gibt an, unter einer chronischen Krankheit zu leiden. Für viele Frauen ist Mutter zu sein der zentrale Lebensinhalt. Für chronisch kranke Mütter kann es schwierig sein, ihrer Mutterrolle gerecht zu werden. Ziel: Diese Arbeit hat das Ziel zu untersuchen, was die Literatur zu den spezifischen Problemen von chronisch kranken Müttern von Kindern im Alter zwischen 0 bis 18 Jahren beschreibt. Methode: Es wurde eine systematisierte Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken CINHAL, PsychInfo und Medline über den Zeitraum von September bis Dezember 2015 durchgeführt. Eingeschlossen wurde primär wissenschaftliche Literatur, welche sich mit dem Erleben von chronisch kranken Müttern mit gesunden Kindern auseinandersetzt. Ergebnisse: Acht qualitative Studien und eine Literaturreview wurden eingeschlossen und folgende neun Kategorien gebildet: Unterbruch im Muttersein, Anpassung der Mutterrolle, Beschützen der Kinder, Erleben von Schuld oder Scham, Erfahrungen mit dem Gesundheitspersonal, Leben zum Muttersein - Muttersein zum Leben, Soziale Unterstützung, Stigmatisierung, Verpassen und Balance halten. Schlussfolgerung: Mütter durchleben aufgrund einer chronischen Erkrankung einen Unterbruch der Kontinuität im Muttersein. Dies zwingt sie zu einer Anpassung ihrer Mutterrolle. Sie selbst beschreiben sich primär als Mütter und erst dann als Patientinnen

The Use and Knowledge of Herbal Therapy in Postpartum Women Reporting Symtoms of Depression

Postpartum depression (PPD) affects 9-16% of postpartum women, with potentially devastating consequences for mother, child, and family. Increasingly, alternative therapies are becoming treatment modalities of choice for patients with depression. The purpose of this pilot study was to focus on postpartum women with self-reported symptoms of depression and their knowledge and use of self-prescribed alternative therapy. Women who self-describe as suffering PPD and participate in the Perinatal Outreach Encouragement for Moms (POEM) support group were recruited through the POEM list serve to complete an on-line survey regarding use of alternative therapies to treat depressive symptoms. The 11 item pilot survey was designed by the student researcher with content validity established by expert researchers and nurses working with women with PPD. Questions included the use of herbal, other alternative, and prescription therapy, knowledge of side effects and interactions, and disclosure of usage of alternative therapies to healthcare providers. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze prevalence of alternative and medical drug usage and disclosure. Tables and descriptive data were used to describe the demographics between women who did compared to those who did not use herbal therapy, prescribed therapy, or other alternative modalities. Of the 13 participants, 12 (92%) took medicine prescribed by their doctor or midwife for their PPD, 5 (42 %) used alternative modalities other than herbs to relieve their PPD, and 3 (23%) used herbs for their PPD. Participants had a basic knowledge extent of herbals but were unable to identify herbal and drug interactions. This pilot study showed that none of the participants using herbal therapy notified their healthcare provider of their use. This pilot study is expected to benefit healthcare professionals by identifying strengths and weaknesses of this survey. In the future, alterations of this survey can be used to identify alternative therapy usage and knowledge so that health care providers may perform focused screening and education for patients.No embarg

Planning For a Community Wildfire Protection Plan in San Luis Obispo County

San Luis Obispo County has a long history of wildfires and can be expected every fire season. Agencies providing fire protection do an excellent job at reducing the risk to loss of life, property, and natural resources in the area, but there is always room for improvement. California in general is experiencing increasingly longer, hotter, and drier fire seasons due to climate change, and San Luis Obispo County is no exception. As the population increases urban development is pushed to the outer limits of city boundaries where it often conflicts with forests in an area called the wildland urban interface. This area is very prone to the risk of wildfire and a major reason for the need of a community wildfire protection plan (CWPP). The intent of this document is to describe the benefits and necessary steps of a CWPP, as well as plans and programs related to fire protection that can help in development of a community plan. This informational guide consists of best practices, case studies, summaries of Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP), interviews, and recommendations to incorporate needs from each community into a countywide CWPP. The goal is for the CWPP to be a tool for a county wildfire safety plan that draws from the needs and risks from each community determined from research and interviews. The CWPP could then be used as a guide and a tool for other plans regarding wildfire protection such as the LHMP or Safety Element to reference. Consistency is key throughout these different plans in hopes that each document can draw from one another when being updated. The CWPP could even be useful for other elements within the General Plan such as Land Use or Circulation elements. At the very least this document can help start the conversation of what a CWPP is and how the county can benefit from such a plan

Marketing Seventh-day Adventist Higher Education : College-Choice Motivators and Barriers

Purpose. Approximately 75% of Seventh-day Adventist college-bound youth do not attend the church\u27s 15 colleges in North America. This study explored the views of Adventist college-bound participants regarding the factors (motivators and barriers) that influence college choice. Method. Utilizing a mixed methods approach, qualitative and quantitative data were collected in a sequential two-phase design. Insights from focus groups conducted in Los Angeles and Nashville guided the development of a nationwide telephone survey of college-bound Adventists. Three groups sorted by type of high school were identified from a sample size of 226 and compared in terms of awareness and college-choice motivators and barriers using chi-square, standard residuals, and perceptual maps. Results. Students not attending Adventist academies lack awareness of Adventist colleges, report little to no recruiting contact, and report academic program and closeness to home as important motivators for college choice. A spiritual environment is an important motivator for students headed toward Adventist colleges, irrespective of type of high school. Barriers include lack of knowledge and cost. Churches and pastors are identified as best sources of information for the Adventist public high-school student. Three key marketing messages influenced all groups. Conclusions. For the future stability of the Adventist higher education system and to increase the likelihood of enrollment, it is important to raise awareness levels among Adventist youth not attending Adventist academies. The Seventh-day Adventist Church should partner with the colleges to increase contacts and awareness to this group using the motivators and key messages identified. A strategic marketing plan should be developed that includes, at minimum, (a) a branded, coordinated systems approach to promoting the 15 colleges, (b) the colleges actively recruiting at the local church level, (c) an e-mail, mail, web, and call campaign directed toward non-academy students, and (d) the development of resources and information for churches and pastors

Choosing Whom to Trust: Autonomy versus Reliance on Others in Medical Decision Making among Plain Anabaptists

The idea of patients as autonomous agents dominates the medical ethics literature in Europe and America. I maintain that Plain Anabaptists allow their communities to influence medical therapy decisions more than the typical American does. They choose differently whom to trust. This is relevant to medical professionals interacting with them, especially when Plain Anabaptists make decisions at variance with standard medical recommendations. The typical American doctor will often mistake the area of disagreement, assuming that the presentation of more facts will sway the patient. However, the emphasis on community and acceptance of authority means that Plain Anabaptists will have a correspondingly different approach to decision making. It may be true that the patient does not have all relevant data or does not realize the relative trustworthiness of different information sources. Yet, often Plain Anabaptists will come to a different decision because of a different value system. They are making their own decision about who or what to trust. [Abstract by author

Examining the type I error and power of 18 common post-hoc comparison tests

Researchers utilizing either experimental or quasi-experimental research often want to compare group means. However, with more than two groups, comparing group means may result in an inflated Type I error rate, the probability of wrongly rejecting a null hypothesis. Researchers often employ analysis of variance (ANOVA) methodology to compare more than two group means. Post-hoc comparison procedures (PCPs) are utilized to indicate which group means differ following a significant ANOVA. SPSS provides 18 options for PCPs. The purpose of this study was to determine which PCP provides the best power while maintaining Type I error control when assumptions of ANOVA are met and when they are not met. Data were simulated in a variety of conditions to address this issue. Only those tests designed for assumption violations, Dunnett’s C, Dunnett’s T3, Games-Howell, and Tamhane, adequately controlled Type I error in all conditions. Power results were similar for all four tests, with the Games-Howell being slightly higher than the other four tests. I recommend using the Games-Howell procedure unless extenuating circumstances exist

Plain Anabaptists and COVID-19: A Distinct Response to Government Restrictions?

Plain Anabaptists have a distinct way of relating to the government. Does that mean they would have distinct decision making processes in relation to government-promulgated public health restrictions regarding COVID-19? This essay argues that plain Anabaptist populations did not exhibit particularly unique decision-making and responses to COVID-19