Santayana, Cervantes y El último puritano

A study of the presence of Cervantes’ Don Quixote in the works of George Santayana, with special focus on his novel The Last Puritan. The essay furthermore explores the aesthetic and philosophical relations between both authors.Estudio de la presencia del Quijote en la obra de Jorge Santayana, en especial en su novela El último puritano. Se exploran asimismo las coincidencias estéticas y filosóficas de ambos autores

Cultural dynamism and business vitality in medium-sized cities—evidence and proposals for sustainable development

This work uses tools recently designed to conduct analyses and proposals around the cultural development of medium-sized cities. The Cultural and Creative Cities Monitor model, or CCCM, is first applied to the 81 cities in Spain with between 50, 000 and 100, 000 inhabitants. We also refer to the UNESCO Culture/2030 Indicators, specifically indicator 8 (Cultural companies), to in-vestigate whether cultural dynamism is related to business vitality in those cities. Our observation of the 29 CCCM indicators and the C3 index, which synthesizes cultural performance, is explained, and these data are complemented with cultural business data (on assets, benefits, and jobs) from a sample of 13, 204 firms. The C3 index values reveal significant differences in the cultural and creative performance of the selected cities according to their location (metropolitan or non-metropolitan) and their administrative rank. Moreover, when comparing the C3 index with the indicators on business activity, evidence indicates a clear positive relationship between cultural dynamism and firm vitality. These results support the contribution of culture to the sustainable development of me-dium-sized Spanish cities and further establish the suitability of the tools used to assist cities in designing appropriate cultural policies

Cultural and creative ecosystems in medium-sized cities: Evolution in times of economic crisis and pandemic

This article seeks to forecast the short-and medium-term impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on the cultural and creative ecosystems of the 81 cities in Spain with between 50, 000 and 100, 000 inhabitants. Data on employment in nine sectors (per NACE Rev. 2) support the characterization of cultural ecosystems based on their dynamism, specialization, and propensity to form clusters (thanks to the co-location of certain sectors, meant to generate inter-sectoral spillovers and cross-sector synergies). The applied methodology consists of comparing these three attributes during and following the 2008 financial crisis. Then, any changes observed are interpreted in light of arguments from the COVID-19 literature, and from our own analysis, in order to assess the probability of recurrence (or nonrecurrence) during the current pandemic. Throughout this process, the metropolitan or non-metropolitan position of cities is taken into consideration. A first conclusion is that, as in the financial crisis, the behavior of ecosystems during the pandemic will be asymmetric. Secondly, metropolitan and non-metropolitan cities will maintain their distinctive sectoral specializations. Non-metropolitan cities appear to be more vulnerable for their strong connection to creative sectors most affected by the pandemic, although some can take advantage of good cultural supply and proximity to metropolitan centers. Metropolitan cities seem more secure, thanks to the higher presence of less vulnerable sectors (due to elevated and accelerating digitization). Nevertheless, most functional clusters were diminished during the financial crisis, and it seems unlikely that sectoral co-locations will re-emerge in a post-pandemic scenario as a business strategy, at least in the short term. Beyond these forecasts, we recommend dealing with certain structural failures of these ecosystems, especially the vulnerability and precariousness of most cultural and creative companies and workers

Long-term immune response accompanies clinical outcomes in severe asthmatics treated with anti-IL-5/IL-5R biologics

This work was supported by ISCIII - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, FIS (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria - Spanish Health Research Fund) grants PI21/00896 and FI19/00067; Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES); SEAIC grants 22A07; BASEAS STUDY (Basophils in EosinophilicAsthma) Study Code ESR-20-20764 AstraZeneca International; Comunidad de Madrid grant PEJ2021-AI_BMD-22320 and FEDER funds (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regiona

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Reviewing the use of resilience concepts in forest sciences

Purpose of the review Resilience is a key concept to deal with an uncertain future in forestry. In recent years, it has received increasing attention from both research and practice. However, a common understanding of what resilience means in a forestry context, and how to operationalise it is lacking. Here, we conducted a systematic review of the recent forest science literature on resilience in the forestry context, synthesising how resilience is defined and assessed. Recent findings Based on a detailed review of 255 studies, we analysed how the concepts of engineering resilience, ecological resilience, and social-ecological resilience are used in forest sciences. A clear majority of the studies applied the concept of engineering resilience, quantifying resilience as the recovery time after a disturbance. The two most used indicators for engineering resilience were basal area increment and vegetation cover, whereas ecological resilience studies frequently focus on vegetation cover and tree density. In contrast, important social-ecological resilience indicators used in the literature are socio-economic diversity and stock of natural resources. In the context of global change, we expected an increase in studies adopting the more holistic social-ecological resilience concept, but this was not the observed trend. Summary Our analysis points to the nestedness of these three resilience concepts, suggesting that they are complementary rather than contradictory. It also means that the variety of resilience approaches does not need to be an obstacle for operationalisation of the concept. We provide guidance for choosing the most suitable resilience concept and indicators based on the management, disturbance and application context

Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified

Antropología y teoría de la lectura en Quevedo, en torno a "Retirado en la paz de estos desiertos"

This is a commentary of the sonnet “Retirado en la paz de estos desiertos” as a key to understanding and locating Quevedo ́s theory of reading within the Western tradition. In contrast to the metaphysical image of the “uninhabited man,” present in Quevedo ́s moral and love poetry, deep reading induces an anthropological transformation in the reader in the form of a fulfilled, “inhabited man,” in an intense “conversation” with souls “incarnated” in books. The following concepts pertaining to Quevedo ́s poetics are examined in a historical sequence: metaphors of reading consciousness; the inner voice and the printed word; the interrelation between leisure time, culture and freedom; correspondences between the phenomenology of the “open book” and the mystical conception of the “living book” (Santa Teresa); Quevedo ́s poetics vis-à-vis the theories of the “anxiety of Influence” (Harold Bloom) and of the “real presences” (George Steiner); reading, as an orphic rite; culture, an essential form of hospitality; from the “retired” Humanist to the Postmodern “connected” consumerEste estudio persigue comentar el soneto “Retirado en la paz de estos desiertos” como una cifra de la poética de Quevedo, y de la teoría poética occidental. Frente a la imagen metafísica del “hombre deshabitado”, que atraviesa la poesía moral y la poesía amorosa, la lectura humanista produce una transformación antropológica, en la forma de un “hombre habitado”, en “conversación viva” con las “almas ausentes”. Los siguientes conceptos son examinados desde el texto de Quevedo, en una secuencia histórica que se extiende desde la Biblia y la Edad clásica hasta el presente: metáforas de la conciencia lectora; la voz interior de la lectura y la palabra impresa; la interrelación entre ocio, cultura y libertad; la correspondencia entre una fenomenología del “libro abierto” y una concepción mística del “libro vivo” (Santa Teresa); Quevedo frente a las teorías de la “ansiedad de la influencia” (Harold Bloom) y de las “presencias reales” (George Steiner); la lectura como rito órfico; la cultura como forma esencial de la hospitalidad; el humanista “retirado” es desplazado por el consumidor posmoderno 'conectado