The Effect of the Pendency of Claims for Compensation Upon Behavior Indicative of Pain

Recent theories endeavoring to explain manifestations of pain in humans have increasingly recognized the effect of sociological and psychological processes on pain.This article reports findings made in a research project based on the hypothesis that the pendency of a claim for compensation has the effect of causing greater, more intense, and more persistent pain than would otherwise be experienced if persons had not sought compensation. The study assumed that pain can most accurately be measured by observing behavior indicative of pain and focused on data reflecting such behavior. The lawyer-author of this article thought the study might demonstrate that current compensation practices are a significant cause of pain behavior, and anticipated that such a finding could lead to revision of claims procedures or even changes in methods of compensation. The project revealed, however, no significant effects of either litigation or representation by attorneys upon the pain behavior of persons having workmen\u27s compensation claims with the Department of Labor and Industries of the State of Washington

Article 9: Secured Transactions (Comment) of Uniform Commercial Code Annotations

Review of SCHLEIMER V. ARROWHEAD GARAGE, INC. 260 N.Y.S.2d 271 (Civ. Ct. 1965

Article 1: General Provisions (Comment) of Uniform Commercial Code Annotations

Review of: KORESKA V. UNITED CARGO CORP. 258 N.Y.S.2d 432 (App. Div. 1965) GREATER LOUISVILLE AUTO AUCTION, INC. V. OGLE BUICK, INC. 387 S.W.2d 17 (Ky. 1965) IN RE KING FURNITURE CITY, INC. 240 F. Supp. 453 (E.D. Ark. 1965) IN THE MATTER OF WHEATLAND ELEC. PROD, Co. 237 F. Supp. 820 (W.D. Pa. 1965

Nitrogen fixation by caucasian clover and white clover in irrigated ryegrass pastures

The N₂ fixation ability of caucasian clover was compared with that of white clover in irrigated ryegrass pastures over years 2 and 3 of a grazing experiment, using the ¹⁵N enrichment technique. ‘Endura’ caucasian clover was inoculated with the specific Rhizobium strain ICC148. The N concentration in clover herbage and the proportion of clover N derived from N₂ fixation (PN) were similar for both clovers at averages of 4.6%N and 50–60% respectively over the 2 years. The amount of N₂ fixed per hectare was directly related to the amount of clover dry matter (DM) produced by the two clover species. Caucasian clover produced four times the DM yield of white clover in year 2 (5400 cf. 1450 kg DM/ha) and four times the amount of N₂ fixed in herbage (136 cf. 36 kg N/ ha). In year 3, caucasian clover produced 50% more clover DM (3450 cf. 2370 kg DM/ha) and N₂ fixed (98 cf. 66 kg N/ha) than white clover. The increased N input from caucasian clover increased grass %N and N uptake from soil in caucasian clover pastures resulting in higher total pasture production compared with white clover pastures (15.7 cf. 14.2 t DM/ha) by year 3. In this study, caucasian clover demonstrated greater potential than white clover to meet the N demands of high-yielding perennial ryegrass in an intensive pastoral system.The authors acknowledge funding from the Struthers Trust for the development of the grazing experiment at Lincoln University and FRST funding for provision of ¹⁶N and N analyses. We thank the C. Alma Baker and Struthers Trusts for providing A.D. Black with financial support from post-graduate scholarships

The impact of air-sea coupling and ocean biases on the seasonal cycle of southern West African precipitation

The biannual seasonal rainfall regime over the southern part of West Africa is characterised by two wet seasons, separated by the `Little Dry Season' in July-August. Lower rainfall totals during this intervening dry season may be detrimental for crop yields over a region with a dense population that depends on agricultural output. Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models do not correctly capture this seasonal regime, and instead generate a single wet season, peaking at the observed timing of the Little Dry Season. Hence, the realism of future climate projections over this region is questionable. Here, the representation of the Little Dry Season in coupled model simulations is investigated, to elucidate factors leading to this misrepresentation. The Global Ocean Mixed Layer configuration of the Met Office Unified Model is particularly useful for exploring this misrepresentation, as it enables separating the effects of coupled model ocean biases in different ocean basins while maintaining air-sea coupling. Atlantic Ocean SST biases cause the incorrect seasonal regime over southern West Africa.Upper level descent in August reduces ascent along the coastline, which is associated with the observed reduction in rainfall during the Little Dry Season. When coupled model Atlantic Ocean biases are introduced, ascent over the coastline is deeper and rainfall totals are higher during July-August. Hence, this study indicates detrimental impacts introduced by Atlantic Ocean biases, and highlights an area of model development required for production of meaningful climate change projections over the West Africa region

Characterization of Neisseria gonorrhoeae protein II phase variation by use of monoclonal antibodies.

The protein II (P.11) outer membrane proteins of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which have been implicated in gonococcal pathogenesis, have been previously shown to undergo a type of phase variation in which expression of any of several different forms of the proteins may be switched on or off. We identified six electrophoretically distinct forms of P.11 proteins (designated P.IIa through P.11f) within strain FA1090, and we isolated colonial variants of FA1090 that expressed only one of the six different P.11 protein forms. Two monoclonal antibodies that bound specifically and differentially to P.11 proteins were produced. One antibody bound to proteins P.IIb and P.Ild and was bactericidal for all colonial variants expressing P.IIb. The second antibody bound to P.IIa and was bactericidal for colonial variants expressing P.IIa. P.JI protein profiles of survivors of antibody killing indicated that multiple P.11 protein species may be expressed on a single bacterium and that P.11 protein switching in the gonococcus is nonrandom