Relative risks of coronary heart disease associated with menopausal symptoms.

<p>Basic model: adjusted for age and non-established cardiovascular risk factors; Fully-adjusted model, adjusted for established cardiovascular risk factors and potential mediators. VMS, vasomotor symptoms; vasomotor symptoms include hot flashes and /or night sweats; All, includes vasomotor and other menopausal symptoms; Other, includes menopausal symptoms such as depression, insomnia, and panic attacks. Assessment of heterogeneity for basic model: All symptoms, X2 7 = 81.22, I2 = 91%, 85 to 95%; P < 0.001; vasomotor symptoms, X2 1 = 1.55, I2 = 35%; P = 0.213; other symptoms, X2 5 = 63.48, I2 = 92%, 86 to 96%; P < 0.001. Assessment of heterogeneity for fully-adjusted model: All symptoms, X2 6 = 29.20, I2 = 79%, 58 to 90%; P < 0.001; vasomotor symptoms, X2 1 = 0.09, I2 = 0%; P = 0.762; other symptoms, X2 4 = 22.63, I2 = 82%, 59 to 92%; P < 0.001.</p

Relative risks of cardiovascular disease associated with menopausal symptoms.

<p>Basic model: adjusted for age and non-established cardiovascular risk factors; Fully-adjusted model, adjusted for established cardiovascular risk factors and potential mediators. VMS, vasomotor symptoms; vasomotor symptoms include hot flashes and /or night sweats; All, includes vasomotor and other menopausal symptoms; Other, includes menopausal symptoms such as depression, insomnia, and panic attacks. Assessment of heterogeneity for basic model: All symptoms, X2 3 = 9.95, I2 = 70%, 13 to 90%; P = 0.019; other symptoms, X2 2 = 7.05, I2 = 72%, 4 to 92%; P = 0.045. Assessment of heterogeneity for full-adjusted model: All symptoms, X2 3 = 8.68, I2 = 65%, 0 to 88%; P = 0.034; other symptoms, X2 2 = 8.67, I2 = 77%, 25 to 93%; P = 0.013.</p

General characteristics of prospective studies of cardiovascular disease outcomes included in review.

<p>General characteristics of prospective studies of cardiovascular disease outcomes included in review.</p

Assessment of study quality through the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

<p>Assessment of study quality through the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.</p

Flow diagram of studies included in the current review.

<p>Flow diagram of studies included in the current review.</p

Relative risks of stroke associated with menopausal symptoms.

<p>Basic model: adjusted for age and non-established cardiovascular risk factors; Fully-adjusted model, adjusted for established cardiovascular risk factors and potential mediators. VMS, vasomotor symptoms; vasomotor symptoms include hot flashes and /or night sweats; All, includes vasomotor and other menopausal symptoms; Other, includes menopausal symptoms such as depression, insomnia, and panic attacks. Assessment of heterogeneity for basic model: All symptoms, X² ₂ = 3.26, I² = 39%, 0 to 81%; <i>P</i> = 0.196; other symptoms, X² ₁ = 2.03, I² = 51%, 0 to 87%; <i>P</i> = 0.154. Assessment of heterogeneity for full-adjusted model: All symptoms, X² ₂ = 1.86, I² = 0%, 0 to 90%; <i>P</i> = 0.395; other symptoms, X² ₁ = 1.72, I² = 42%; <i>P</i> = 0.189.</p

Flow diagram for the selection of studies evaluating the role of DSS in prevention of CVD.

<p>Flow diagram for the selection of studies evaluating the role of DSS in prevention of CVD.</p

Meta analysed pooled estimate and funnel plot.

<p>2(a): Pooled estimate for the difference in SBP (mm of Hg) between the CDSS versus control groups. 2 (b): Funnel plot to assess publication bias.</p

Power analysis for the meta analysis on selected studies reporting effect of CDSS on SBP.

<p>Explanatory notes: Study ID indicates the primary authors of the study, n1 is the sample size in control group and n2 is the sample size in the intervention group, mean diff SBP1 and mean diff SBP2 are the respective mean differences in systolic blood pressures before and after the study periods, SD1 and SD2 are the respective standard deviations of both the groups, weightage is the estimated weight given to the study in the pooled analysis and β is the power of the individual studies calculated from the formula 1 mentioned in the text.</p

Intervention, outcomes and effect sizes for the selected studies.

<p><b>Explanatory footnote</b>: SD – Standard deviation; UC – Usual Care; CDS – Computerised decision support system; NP - nurse practitioners; Ohms|Cad – registered name of the decision support system.</p