Perspektywy rozwoju biotechnologii w Polsce

Ważnym czynnikiem rozwoju biotechnologii w Polsce są nowoczesne badania naukowe. Artykuł Perspektywy rozwoju biotechnologii w Polsce zwraca uwagę na to, że wiedza z zakresu nauk biologicznych i medycznych przyczynia się do większej konkurencyjności zarówno ośrodków naukowych i badawczych, jak i przedsiębiorstw. Biotechnologiczne projekty naukowo–badawcze realizowane w Polsce nie tworzą jeszcze podstaw do wytwarzania produktów biotechnologicznych w takim zakresie, by polskie przedsiębiorstwa mogły konkurować na rynku międzynarodowych. Jedną z przyczyn, którą analizuje Autor w artykule, jest niewystarczające inwestowanie w rozwój nauki i wsparcie dla małych i średnich firm w sektorze biotechnologii. MSP są najważniejszym elementem rozwoju tego sektora, ponieważ koncentrują się na tworzeniu i rozwoju nowoczesnych produktów biotechnologicznych. Artykuł został podzielony na dwie części: Szanse rozwoju nowoczesnej gospodarki w Polsce bez biotechnologii oraz Edukacja i projekty B+R. Autor finalizuje rozważania, pokazując pozytywny scenariusz dla rozwoju sektora biotechnologicznego w Polsce.Biotechnology uses biological processes in the development of technology or manufacture of a product. It is forecasted that Polish biotechnology industry will exceed very quickly. The technology and science parks in Poland have invested millions Euros to build new laboratories. Polish market is fuelled by increased R&D funding, central and regional governments initiatives. The article on “Polish perspectives of biotechnology development” identifies significant factors for biotechnology project development. It also indicates the examples of government biotechnology initiatives in the world. The author focuses on the statistical analysis of the research and development projects conducted by Polish scientist in scientific laboratories. His main conclusion is that biotechnology will be very important in developing Poland, Polish universities, research and development organizations.Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00

Cellular therapy in diabetes type 1 - will it be possible?

Cukrzyca typu 1 powstaje wskutek nieodwracalnego zniszczenia komórek beta wysp trzustkowych, co prowadzi do zaburzeń, a nawet całkowitego zaniechania produkcji insuliny. Mimo ogromnego postępu w leczeniu tej choroby nadal u większości pacjentów na pewnym etapie choroby dochodzi do rozwoju późnych powikłań cukrzycowych. Dlatego też cukrzyca typu 1 stała się jednym z celów terapii komórkowej. Obecnie uzyskiwanie zróżnicowanych komórek beta wysp trzustkowych w hodowlach in vitro pozostaje na etapie badań naukowych. Jednak w wielu pracach wykazano, że w przyszłości będzie możliwe otrzymywanie komórek beta produkujących insulinę i wrażliwych na stężenie glukozy we krwi, które będzie można wszczepiać chorym na cukrzycę typu 1. Powodzenie tej terapii zależy jednak od wielu czynników, miedzy innymi od wypracowania bezpiecznych protokołów uzyskiwania komórek beta wysp trzustkowych oraz zadbania o to, aby wszczepione komórki nie pobudzały odpowiedzi immunologicznej biorcy oraz zachowały swoje biologiczne funkcje.Type 1 diabetes is results from the irreversible damage of the pancreatic beta cells which leads to disturbance and even to total termination of insulin production. Despite enormous progress in the treatment of type 1 diabetes still most of the patients develop late diabetic complications. Because of that, type 1 diabetes is one of targets of the cellular therapy. Nowadays, in vitro culture of differentiated beta cells continues to be at the scientific research level. However several studies indicate that in the future it would be possible to culture pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells which would be sensitive to glucose level in blood and which would be possible to be injected to type 1 diabetic patients with. Success of such treatment will depend however on many factors, including safe protocols to culture beta cells. Additionally, it would also be important to make sure that immunological response against cells will not appear and that such cells will maintain their biological features

Association of Maternal and Fetal Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Metalloproteinase (MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9) Genes with Preeclampsia

Background. Metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a pivotal role during the process of trophoblast invasion and placentation. The appearance of five functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the genes of the metalloproteinases most commonly implicated in the implantation process may influence the development of preeclampsia. Methods. Blood samples were collected from 86 mothers and 86 children after preeclampsia and 85 mothers and 85 children with uncomplicated pregnancies. The distribution of genotypes for −1607 1G/2G MMP1, −735 C/T MMP2, −1306 C/T MMP2, −1171 5A/6A MMP3, and −1562C/T MMP9 polymorphisms was determined by RFLP-PCR. Results. The occurrence of 1G/1G MMP1 or 5A/5A MMP3 genotype in the mother or 1G/1G MMP1 or 5A/6A MMP3 genotype in the child is associated with preeclampsia development. Moreover, simultaneous maternal and fetal 1G/1G homozygosity increases the risk of preeclampsia development 2.39-fold and the set of maternal 5A/5A and fetal 5A/6A MMP3 genotypes by over 4.5 times. No association between the carriage of studied MMP2 or MMP9 polymorphisms and the predisposition to preeclampsia was found. Conclusion. The maternal 1G/1G MMP1 and 5A/5A MMP3 and fetal 1G/1G MMP1 and 5A/6A MMP3 gene polymorphisms may be strong genetic markers of preeclampsia, occurring either individually or together

Prognostic Significance of Wnt-1, β-catenin and E-cadherin Expression in Advanced Colorectal Carcinoma

Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays an important role in initiation and progression of colorectal oncogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine expression and localization of E-cadherin, β-catenin and Wnt-1 proteins in colorectal tumors. Expression of β-catenin, E-cadherin and Wnt-1 was determined by immunohistochemistry on advanced colorectal cancers. Abnormal expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, Wnt-1 was observed. Additionally, we revealed correlations between levels of studied proteins and histoclinical data. In multivariate analysis nuclear β-catenin, higher carcinoembryonic antigen serum level before treatment, female sex and tumor localized in colon or rectum were independent unfavorable prognostic factors. These findings support the hypothesis that Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays an important role in advanced colorectal carcinoma

The Role of Catestatin in Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia (PE) is a unique pregnancy disorder affecting women across the world. It is characterized by the new onset of hypertension with coexisting end-organ damage. Although the disease has been known for centuries, its exact pathophysiology and, most importantly, its prevention remain elusive. The basis of its associated molecular changes has been attributed to the placenta and the hormones regulating its function. One such hormone is chromogranin A (CgA). In the placenta, CgA is cleaved to form a variety of biologically active peptides, including catestatin (CST), known inter alia for its vasodilatory effects. Recent studies indicate that the CST protein level is diminished both in patients with hypertension and those with PE. Therefore, the aim of the present paper is to review the most recent and most relevant in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies to provide an overview of the proposed impact of CST on the molecular processes of PE and to consider the possibilities for future experiments in this area

Reduction in CgA-Derived CST Protein Level in HTR-8/SVneo and BeWo Trophoblastic Cell Lines Caused by the Preeclamptic Environment

One of the most dangerous complications of pregnancy is preeclampsia (PE), a disease associated with a high risk of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Although its etiology remains unknown, the placenta is believed to be at the center of ongoing changes. One of the hormones produced by the placenta is chromogranin A (CgA). Thus far, its role in pregnancy and pregnancy-related disorders is enigmatic, yet it is known that both CgA and its derived peptide catestatin (CST) are involved in the majority of the processes that are disturbed in PE, such as blood pressure regulation or apoptosis. Therefore, in this study, the influence of the preeclamptic environment on the production of CgA using two cell lines, HTR-8/SVneo and BeWo, was investigated. Furthermore, the capacity of trophoblastic cells to secrete CST to the environment was tested, as well as the correlation between CST and apoptosis. This study provided the first evidence that CgA and CST proteins are produced by trophoblastic cell lines and that the PE environment has an impact on CST protein production. Furthermore, a strong negative correlation between CST protein level and apoptosis induction was found. Hence, both CgA and its derived peptide CST may play roles in the complex process of PE pathogenesis

Genetic determinants of haemostasis in cardiovascular diseases the role of gene promotor regions

In this review the potential role of polymorphism gene promoter regions of beta-chain fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor type I (PAI-1) in cardiovascular disease is discussed. The thorough discussion covers the potential mechanisms of their effect.Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 dofinansowane zostało ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę