4 research outputs found
Flowability of granular materials with industrial applications: an experimental approach
Designing bulk material handling equipment requires a thorough understanding of the mechanical behaviour of powders and grains. Experimental characterization of granular materials is introduced focusing on flowability. A new prototype is presented which performs granular column collapse tests. The device consists of a channel whose design accounts for test inspection using visualization techniques and load measurements. A reservoir is attached where packing state of the granular material can be adjusted before run-off to simulate actual handling conditions by fluidisation and deaeration of the pile. Bulk materials on the market, with a wide range of particle sizes, can be tested with the prototype and the results used for classification in terms of flowability to improve industrial equipment selection processes.Postprint (published version
Orthoxenografts of testicular germ cell tumors demonstrate genomic changes associated with cisplatin resistance and identify PDMP as a resensitizing agent
[Purpose] To investigate the genetic basis of cisplatin resistance as efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in the treatment of distinct malignancies is often hampered by intrinsic or
acquired drug resistance of tumor cells.[Experimental Design] We produced 14 orthoxenograft
transplanting human nonseminomatous testicular germ
cell tumors (TGCT) in mice, keeping the primary tumor
features in terms of genotype, phenotype, and sensitivity to
cisplatin. Chromosomal and genetic alterations were evaluated in matched cisplatin-sensitive and their counterpart
orthoxenografts that developed resistance to cisplatin in
nude mice.[Results] Comparative genomic hybridization analyses of
four matched orthoxenografts identified recurrent chromosomal rearrangements across cisplatin-resistant tumors in
three of them, showing gains at 9q32-q33.1 region. We
found a clinical correlation between the presence of
9q32-q33.1 gains in cisplatin-refractory patients and poorer
overall survival (OS) in metastatic germ cell tumors. We
studied the expression profile of the 60 genes located at that
genomic region. POLE3 and AKNA were the only two genes
deregulated in resistant tumors harboring the 9q32-q33.1
gain. Moreover, other four genes (GCS, ZNF883, CTR1, and
FLJ31713) were deregulated in all five resistant tumors
independently of the 9q32-q33.1 amplification. RT-PCRs
in tumors and functional analyses in Caenorhabditis elegans
(C. elegans) indicate that the influence of 9q32-q33.1 genes
in cisplatin resistance can be driven by either up- or downregulation. We focused on glucosylceramide synthase (GCS)
to demonstrate that the GCS inhibitor DL-threo-PDMP
resensitizes cisplatin-resistant germline-derived orthoxenografts to cisplatin[Conclusions] Orthoxenografts can be used preclinically not
only to test the efficiency of drugs but also to identify prognosis
markers and gene alterations acting as drivers of the acquired
cisplatin resistance.Several authors are grateful recipients of predoctoral fellowships:
J.M. Piulats from the AECC and F.J. García-Rodríguez from the Instituto
de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). This study was supported by grants from the
Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2002-02265 and
FIS: BFU2007-67123; PI10-0222, PI13-01339, and PI16/01898, to A. Villanueva; PI15-00895, to J. Ceron; SAF2013-46063R, to F. Vi nals; PI030264, to ~
X. García-del-Muro), Fundacio La Marat o TV3 (051430, to F. Vi nals and X. ~
García-del-Muro), Generalitat de Catalunya (2014SGR364, to A. Villanueva
and F. Vinals; FIS09/0059, to A. Morales), cofunded by FEDER funds/ ~
European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) — a way to Build Europe.
A. Villanueva received a BAE11/00073 grant. We thank the staff of the
Animal Core Facility of IDIBELL for mouse care and maintenance.Peer reviewe
Flowability of granular materials with industrial applications - An experimental approach
Designing bulk material handling equipment requires a thorough understanding of the mechanical behaviour of powders and grains. Experimental characterization of granular materials is introduced focusing on flowability. A new prototype is presented which performs granular column collapse tests. The device consists of a channel whose design accounts for test inspection using visualization techniques and load measurements. A reservoir is attached where packing state of the granular material can be adjusted before run-off to simulate actual handling conditions by fluidisation and deaeration of the pile. Bulk materials on the market, with a wide range of particle sizes, can be tested with the prototype and the results used for classification in terms of flowability to improve industrial equipment selection processes
Flowability of granular materials with industrial applications: an experimental approach
Designing bulk material handling equipment requires a thorough understanding of the mechanical behaviour of powders and grains. Experimental characterization of granular materials is introduced focusing on flowability. A new prototype is presented which performs granular column collapse tests. The device consists of a channel whose design accounts for test inspection using visualization techniques and load measurements. A reservoir is attached where packing state of the granular material can be adjusted before run-off to simulate actual handling conditions by fluidisation and deaeration of the pile. Bulk materials on the market, with a wide range of particle sizes, can be tested with the prototype and the results used for classification in terms of flowability to improve industrial equipment selection processes