The role of bone morphogenetic protein on bone tissue repair

This literature review study addresses the progresses of the use of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) for repairing the bone tissue and its mechanisms of action in the injured tissue. The BMPs are pleiotropic molecules that are involved in the chemotaxis, mitosis and differentiation of mesenchymal cells in the bone tissue.Este estudo de revisão da literatura aborda os avanços do uso da proteína morfogenética óssea (BMP) na reparação do tecido ósseo e seus mecanismos de ação no tecido lesionado. As BMPs são moléculas pleiotrópicas que são envolvidas na quimiotaxia, mitose e diferenciação de células mesenquimais no tecido ósseo.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de PatologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Ortopedia e TraumatologiaUNIFESP, Depto. de PatologiaUNIFESP, Depto. de Ortopedia e TraumatologiaSciEL

COVID-19 e seu impacto no incremento do bruxismo em crianças e adolescentes: uma revisão integrativa: COVID-19 and its impact on the increase in bruxism in children and adolescents: an integrative review

Introdução: Em janeiro de 2020, a OMS, alertou para um surto de uma doença global, altamente contagiante, descrita como COVID-19 e provocada por um novo coronavírus, representado pelo SARS-CoV2. Esse fato, impõe importantes limitações como barreiras de contenção da transmissão da doença, e uma intersecção de medidas são descritas como necessárias. O distanciamento social, em particular, gerou uma instabilidade emocional, impactou na saúde mental, alterando o desenvolvimento comportamental das pessoas, sobretudo em crianças e adolescentes. Fortes evidências científicas revelam que o bruxismo está relacionado a fatores biopsicossociais, dentre eles o estresse e a ansiedade, motivo pelo qual desenvolveu-se essa pesquisa com o propósito de avaliar o real incremento dessa patologia, em crianças e adolescentes, no decorrer da pandemia COVID- 19. Objetivo: Esta pesquisa é uma revisão integrativa de literatura, tendo como propósito investigar a repercussão da crise pandêmica, e em particular do distanciamento social sobre o incremento ou não do bruxismo na população infantil. Materiais e Métodos: O processo de busca valeu-se de busca ativa nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Lilacs e Plataforma Capes, utilizando os descritores de saúde – Termos relacionados à infecção por COVID-19, bruxismo e criança e combinando-os a partir dos operadores booleanos AND e OR. Resultados: A busca nas bases de dados resultou em 27 artigos pré-selecionados, porém 05 artigos não estavam disponíveis na íntegra. Por só terem sidos somente três artigos selecionados, mostra a escassez de publicações sobre o tema. A questão norteadora da pesquisa foi sobre o aumento da prevalência do bruxismo na infância decorrente do período de isolamento físico e social ocasionado pela pandemia da COVID-19. Conclusão: Fundamentados nos resultados dessa Revisão Integrativa é possível inferir que as alterações psicossociais provocadas pela pandemia da Covid-19, certamente atuaram como agentes estressores na população de crianças e adolescentes, influenciando no incremento do bruxismo

Associação Entre Doença Periodontal Materna e Parto Pré-termo e Baixo Peso ao Nascimento

The purpose of this study was to assess the association of the maternal periodontal condition upon occurrence of preterm birth and low birth weight (PTB/LBW). Participated in this study, 236 women at an average of 25 years of age, with similar socio-economic conditions, who had given birth in public health institutions in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Maternal, obstetric and pediatric data were collected from medical records. During post-partum hospitalization, the periodontal examination was performed on full-mouth at six sites per tooth and included the clinical parameters of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP). For the purpose of analysis, the presence of one site per tooth with PD and CAL e” 4 mm indicated a case of periodontal disease. There were no significant differences regarding analyses of variables: race, level of education, previous pre-term, diabetes, genitourinary infection, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and periodontal disease. The chi-square test revealed a statistical significance for risk factors: hypertension (p=0.016) and consumption of illicit drugs (p=0.017). The Student t-test showed a statistical significance in age (p= 0.010). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, only the consumption of illicit drugs was significant, increasing the occurrence of PTB/ LBW from 25% to 66.7%. These results demonstrate that the maternal periodontal disease presented no statistically significant association with the occurrence of PTB/LBW (p=0.364).Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a associação da condição periodontal materna na ocorrência de parto pré-termo e baixo peso ao nascimento de (PTBPN). Participaram do estudo 236 mulheres, com a média de 25 anos de idade e características socioeconômicas semelhantes, que deram à luz em uma instituição de saúde pública de Belo Horizonte (MG - Brasil). Os dados maternos, obstétricos e pediátricos foram obtidos nos prontuários médicos. O exame periodontal foi realizado no período de internação pós-parto, em seis sítios ao redor de todos os dentes presentes e incluiu a avaliação dos parâmetros clínicos profundidade de sondagem (PS), nível clínico de inserção (NIC) e sangramento à sondagem (SS). Para a análise considerou-se como caso de doença periodontal a presença de um sítio com PS e NIC e” 4 mm. Não houve diferenças significantes quando da análise das variáveis raça, escolaridade, prematuridade prévia, diabetes, infecção geniturinária, consumo de álcool, hábito de fumar e doença periodontal. O teste Qui-quadrado mostrou significância estatística para os fatores de risco hipertensão (p=0,016) e consumo de drogas ilícitas (p=0,017). Já o teste t Student mostrou significância estatística para a variável idade (p=0,010). Na análise multivariada somente o consumo de drogas ilícitas mostrou-se significativo: elevou de 25% para 66,7% a ocorrência de PTBPN. Esses resultados demonstraram que a condição periodontal materna não apresentou associação estatisticamente significativa com a ocorrência de PTBPN (p= 0,364)

Impact of a radiological protection campaign in emergency paediatric radiology: a multicentric observational study in Brazil

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of a paediatric radiological protection campaign, implemented in the emergency units of a healthcare provider network in Brazil. This campaign aimed to promote awareness among emergency department physicians, regarding justifcation of paediatric X-ray referrals for paranasal sinus, chest and CT exams, as a strategy to reduce exposure to ionising radiation. Method: Frequency analysis of common paediatric imaging referrals from 19 emergency departments was performed for a 3-year period (2015–2018) to coincide with before, during and after the implementation of the radiation protection campaign. The campaign was multifaceted and involved dissemination of educational materials and imaging referral guidelines along with quarterly meetings with participating centres’ leaderships. Additionally, patient dose cards were distributed to patients/carers. The Chi-Square test was used to examine the association between the type of examination and the patient’s age group. Exact-Fisher test was performed to check for an association between participant engagement and the existence of the radiation protection committee. Results: Referrals reduced by 25% following the campaign with no reports of misdiagnosis. Many referrals in the youngest age groups. In 15 units, a radiological protection committee was created to raise awareness and to create a multi professional team to communicate the risks and benefits of radiological procedure in children. Conclusion: The campaign resulted in a substantial reduction in radiological referrals while promoting a radiation protection culture. Simple education initiatives can contribute to savings in both finances and radiation doses, particularly important in radiosensitive cohorts.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Época de semeadura reduz a incidência da brusone do trigo

The objective of this work was to assess the effect of sowing date on the intensity of wheat blast disease, as well as the yield losses caused by this disease in different wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes. The experiments were conducted in 2013 at the Sertãozinho experimental station of Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (Epamig), in the municipality of Patos de Minas, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fourteen wheat genotypes and two sowing dates were evaluated. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replicates. The evaluated variables were: incidence, severity, thousand grain weight (TGW), grain yield, and yield losses. A disease index (DI) was calculated, based both on the incidence and the severity of the disease, to measure blast intensity in wheat. The sowing date significantly affected DI, TGW, and grain yield. Significant linear correlations were observed between DI and yield losses (0.89), between losses and TGW (‑0.85), and between losses and grain yield (‑0.93). For wheat blast, DIs greater than or equal to 0.5 indicate potential yield losses equal to or greater than 70%. The EP063030 line and the MGS Brilhante and BRS 264 cultivars are the most tolerant to blast, when exposed to high disease pressure.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da época de semeadura sobre a intensidade da brusone, bem como as perdas na produtividade causada por essa doença em genótipos de trigo (Triticum aestivum). Os experimentos foram conduzidos, em 2013, na Fazenda Experimental de Sertãozinho da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (Epamig), em Patos de Minas, MG. Catorze genótipos de trigo e duas datas de semeadura foram avaliados. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. As variáveis avaliadas foram: incidência, severidade, peso de mil grãos (PMG), rendimento de grãos e perdas de produtividade. Calculou-se o índice da doença (ID), com base tanto na incidência quanto na severidade, para medir a intensidade da brusone em trigo. A data de semeadura afetou significativamente ID, PMG e rendimento de grãos. Houve forte correlação linear entre ID e danos (0,89), entre danos e PMG (‑0,85) e entre danos e rendimento (‑0,93). Para a brusone do trigo, IDs iguais ou maiores que 0,5 indicam potencial de danos de rendimento iguais ou superiores a 70%. A linhagem EP063030 e as cultivares MGS Brilhante e BRS 264 são as mais tolerantes à brusone quando expostas à alta intensidade da doença

Primary Kidney Lymphoma in a Dog

Background: Lymphoma is a malignant lymphoid tumor originating in the lymph nodes or other solid organs and comprises 90% of all hematopoietic tumors in dogs. However, primary renal lymphoma is rare and is associated with nonspecific clinical signs. Tumor invasion in both kidneys can cause severe clinical signs due to renal failure, complicating the patient's treatment and prognosis. The aim of this case was to report the case of a dog affected by bilateral primary renal lymphoma. In addition, to characterize the clinical and histopathological presentation due to the intense morphological changes. Case:  A 5-year-old male Poodle canine was admitted showing apathy and emesis for 5 days. On physical examination, the dog showed 10% of dehydration, reddish oral mucous membranes, poor body condition (score 1/5), uremic breath, and pain in the kidney area. Complementary tests revealed severe low white blood cells count, high BUN levels, high levels of potassium, calcium, and phosphorus (serum biochemistry). Abdominal ultrasound showed bilateral kidney enlargement. Fine needle aspiration of the mass (guided by ultrasound) revealed round cell tumor. Radiographs showed no alterations. The dog died due to his poor condition and necropsy was performed. On post-mortem examination, the kidneys were both enlarged, pale, and with an irregular subcapsular surface. The histopathological diagnostic was primary renal lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that neoplastic cells were strongly positive for anti CD20 and PAX5, while negative for CD3, supporting the diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma. Discussion: The diagnosis was based on clinical, complementary tests, fine needle aspiration, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. In dogs, primary kidney tumors are uncommon and usually malignant. The presence of vomiting, uremic breath, dehydration, weight loss, and erosive and ulcerative lesions on the tongue (uremic glossitis) are clinical signs of chronic renal failure, and this condition was later confirmed by laboratory tests and histopathological findings. Dogs diagnosed with extra-nodal renal lymphoma, present clinical signs such as polydipsia, polyuria, vomiting, and uremic breath in some cases. These changes are compatible with changes observed in cases of renal failure. In this case, the severe azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperkalemia were due to the neoplastic infiltration in both kidneys. Additionally, the abdominal ultrasound revealed the tumor in both kidneys. Almost 38% of dogs with renal lymphoma presented in urine evaluation normal urine density and a large amount of protein in the urine, similar to those observed in this dog. When the lesions are on both kidneys, kidney failure develops and uremic extra-renal lesions appear, as observed in this case. The prevalence of primary kidney tumors in domestic animals corresponds to less than 1% of the total of the tumors reported, and they are usually in one kidney. In dogs, almost 60 - 70% of lymphomas are B cells, 30 - 40% are T cells, and less than 1% are null cells. B-cell lymphomas usually show less aggressive behavior when compared to T-cell lymphomas. Kidney lymphoma can be included as an important cause of kidney failure, and has slow and progressive development, making early diagnosis and treatment difficult. Keywords: dog disease, lymphoproliferative disorder, renal neoplasm, uremia. Título: Linfoma renal primário em cãoDescritores: doença de cão, distúrbio linfoproliferativo, neoplasma renal, uremia.

Effects of Gamma Radiation on Essential Oils: A Review

γ-Radiation provides an effective alternative method to reduce or eliminate microbial contamination of medicinal herbs and other plant materials. However, a search in the literature is important to describe the effects of γ-radiation on the content and integrity of secondary metabolites from plants. The present work provides a review of the effects of γ-radiation on extraction yields and chemical composition of essential oils isolated from roots, rhizome and cortex, leaves, fruits, seeds, flowers, and whole plant. In addition, this review describes the effects of γ-radiation on terpenes. The informations in the present work may assist in research about essential oils and dose of γ-radiation that is able to biologically decontaminate without causing chemical changes in secondary metabolites. These reports in the literature can describe the behavior of many of these metabolites when subjected to various doses of radiation

Water Productivity Modeling by Remote Sensing in the Semiarid Region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil

This chapter aimed to demonstrate the potential of monitoring water and vegetation parameters by combining weather and satellite measurements in mixed agroecosystems in the semiarid region of the northern Minas Gerais state, Southeast Brazil. Soil moisture indices and water productivity components were quantified with Landsat 8 images under different hydrological conditions along the year 2015. The surface resistance to the water fluxes (rs) performed better than the ratio of actual to the reference evapotranspiration (ETr) to detect soil moisture conditions. The mean pixel values for actual evapotranspiration (ET), biomass production (BIO), and water productivity based on evapotranspiration (WP), for irrigated crops (IC), ranged respectively from 2.5 ± 1.3 to 4.1 ± 1.6 mm d−1; 78 ± 62 to 132 ± 64 kg ha−1 d−1; and from 2.2 ± 0.8 to 3.3 ± 0.9 kg m−3. The corresponding ranges for natural vegetation (NV) were 0.1 ± 0.2 to 1.9 ± 1.3 mm d−1; 1 ± 1 to 44 ± 42 kg ha−1 d−1, and 0.6 ± 0.3 to 1.8 ± 0.8 kg m−3. The incremental values, resulting from the replacement of natural species by agricultural crops, were respectively 2.7 mm d−1 and 83 kg ha d−1. However, this replacement increased water productivity based on evapotranspiration (WP) by 264% during the studied year, what should be considered in land use and climate change studies in the Brazilian semiarid region

ANÁLISE DE CAMPANHAS TELEVISIVAS SOBRE HIV/AIDS: INTERFACES ENTRE BRASIL E ANGOLA

Objetivo: analisar as campanhas publicitárias do Brasil e de Angola acerca do HIV/Aids e refletir sobre os aspectos socioculturais relacionados à doença que possuem influência direta na sua concepção pelo ser humano. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório e de caráter qualitativo. A busca do material audiovisual foi realizada no sítio de compartilhamento de vídeo YouTube. Os dados foram analisados com base na análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Emergiram quatro categorias temáticas: “Métodos de proteção abordados nas propagandas”; “Protagonistas das propagandas”; “Apelos comportamentais incorporados”; “Aspectos culturais abordados”. Resultados: os diferentes contextos culturais influenciam diretamente nas companhas publicitárias, pois, enquanto no Brasil as ações são voltadas para o uso do preservativo no período carnavalesco, em Angola o foco engloba as relações extraconjugais e o compartilhamento de fômites. Considerações finais: campanhas publicitárias são importantes meios de transformação social, podendo promover melhorias na mudança de comportamento dos indivíduos e na prevenção de doenças e agravos.Descritores: Mídia Audiovisual. Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida. Brasil. Angola