Determinantes económicos y climáticos de la producción de limón de la región Piura, periodo 2000-2020

El desempeño citrícola posee un merecido reconocimiento frente a su potencialidad en el comercio regional, nacional e internacional. Al 2020, la región piurana ocupa el 54.9% de participación en la producción de limón, ocupando el primer lugar a nivel nacional, además posee riqueza en los suelos debido al número de valles y áreas de cultivo. La investigación tuvo como objetivo, analizar los determinantes económicos y climáticos de la producción de limón de la región Piura, periodo 2000 – 2020 con el propósito de determinar los factores tanto económicos como relacionados a cambios climáticos que intervienen en la producción de limón. Para tal fin, se usó el Modelo de Vectores autorregresivos con Corrección del Error. Los datos han sido obtenidos del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas e Informática, Banco Central de Reserva del Perú, Fondo Monetario Internacional, Comisión de Promoción del Perú para la Exportación y el Turismo, Ministerio de Agricultura y Weather Online. Los resultados muestran que al determinar que la producción piurana de limón está inversamente relacionada con la tasa de crecimiento de la temperatura máxima (-0.125), del PBI de Perú (-0.11) y del tipo de cambio (-0.02); mientras que, está directamente relacionada con la tasa de crecimiento de la temperatura mínima (0.07) y del PBI de Chile (0.037); no obstante, el nivel de precipitaciones y el precio doméstico y de exportación no inciden significativamente.Trabado de investigacio

Determinantes económicos y climáticos de la producción de limón de la región Piura, periodo 2000-2020

El desempeño citrícola posee un merecido reconocimiento frente a su potencialidad en el comercio regional, nacional e internacional. Al 2020, la región piurana ocupa el 54.9% de participación en la producción de limón, ocupando el primer lugar a nivel nacional, además posee riqueza en los suelos debido al número de valles y áreas de cultivo. La investigación tuvo como objetivo, analizar los determinantes económicos y climáticos de la producción de limón de la región Piura, periodo 2000 – 2020 con el propósito de determinar los factores tanto económicos como relacionados a cambios climáticos que intervienen en la producción de limón. Para tal fin, se usó el Modelo de Vectores autorregresivos con Corrección del Error. Los datos han sido obtenidos del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas e Informática, Banco Central de Reserva del Perú, Fondo Monetario Internacional, Comisión de Promoción del Perú para la Exportación y el Turismo, Ministerio de Agricultura y Weather Online. Los resultados muestran que al determinar que la producción piurana de limón está inversamente relacionada con la tasa de crecimiento de la temperatura máxima (-0.125), del PBI de Perú (-0.11) y del tipo de cambio (-0.02); mientras que, está directamente relacionada con la tasa de crecimiento de la temperatura mínima (0.07) y del PBI de Chile (0.037); no obstante, el nivel de precipitaciones y el precio doméstico y de exportación no inciden significativamente.Trabado de investigacio

Trajectories of verbal episodic memory in middle-aged and old adults: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

OBJECTIVES: To identify distinct latent groups of baseline levels and age-related decline in verbal episodic memory in middle-aged and older adults, and to identify factors associated with these trajectories. DESIGN: Longitudinal study of six data collections over a period of 10 years. SETTING: Population-based cohort in England. PARTICIPANTS: 9,515 community-dwelling adults aged 50-79 years. MEASUREMENTS: Six repeated measurements of immediate and delayed recall of 10 words over 10-year follow-up. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify patterns of baseline levels and subsequent decline in memory in two age categories (50-64 and 65-79 years), and to investigate associations between trajectories and baseline predictors of group membership (gender, education, household wealth, marital status, smoking and physical activity) and time-varying covariates (depressive symptoms and number of chronic conditions). RESULTS: Four trajectories were identified and labelled according to baseline status and decline in memory: very low/decline (9.8%), low/stable (40.2%), average/stable (39.5%) and good/stable (10.5%) in the younger group, and very low/rapid decline (15.7%), low/decline (32.0%), average/stable (38.8%), and good/stable (13.5%) in older participants. In people with stable or declining trajectories, a higher number of depressive symptoms and the presence of cardiovascular diseases were associated with worse memory. Female sex, younger age, and higher education, wealth and physical activity were consistently associated with more favourable trajectories. CONCLUSIONS: We identified four memory trajectories. Factors known to be associated with cognitive reserve (such as education, wealth and physical activity) were associated with better memory function while depressive symptoms and cardiovascular disease were associated with poorer memory. This suggests that interventions to reduce depressive symptoms and better manage cardiovascular risk factors and disease in midlife may help prevent or delay future memory decline

Meta-Analysis of Prevalence of Depression in Dental Students during COVID-19 Pandemic

Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on the mental health of the population in general, and in college students in particular. Dental students have seen their teaching altered and their clinical practice reduced. This study was aimed at conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting levels of depression among dental students during the COVID-19 and estimating the pooled prevalence of depression. Materials and Methods: Medline via PubMed and other databases were searched for studies on the prevalence of depression in dental undergraduates, published from 1 December 2019 to 1 September 2021. The pooled proportions of depression were calculated with random effects models. Results: We identified 13 studies from 9 countries. The pooled prevalence of depression in dental students was 37% (95% CI: 26–49%) with no variation due to gender, response rate or methodological quality. We only found a significantly higher prevalence of depression in studies from Asia compared to Europe and America. Conclusions: Our results suggest that dental students are suffering from higher levels of depression compared with the general population or other college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, with differences across regions. Measures to improve mental health and wellbeing of dental students during the pandemic are needed

Update on Chorioamnionitis: A Look from the Microscope

La corioamnionitis se ha relacionado con desenlaces desfavorables en el periodo prenatal y neonatal (abortos, parto pretérmino, sepsis neonatal, entre otros), además de implicaciones a largo plazo en la infancia, como alteraciones en el coeficiente intelectual. Por esta razón, es de vital importancia el diagnóstico histopatológico oportuno. En este artículo se revisa el abordaje histopatológico de la corioamnionitis, su estadificación e implicaciones clínicas.Q4Chorioamnionitis has been related to unfavorable outcomes in the prenatal and neonatal period (abortions, preterm delivery, neonatal sepsis, among others), as well as long-term implications in childhood, such as changes in IQ. For this reason, timely histopathological diagnosis is of vital importance. In this article, the histopathological approach to chorioamnionitis, its staging and clinical implications will be reviewed.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7147-425Xhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7441-7832Revista Nacional - IndexadaS

Association between anxiety and vascular dementia risk: new evidence and an updated meta-analysis

The association between anxiety and vascular dementia (VaD) is unclear. We aimed to reliably estimate the association between anxiety and VaD risk using meta-analysis to pool new results from a large community-based cohort (Zaragoza Dementia and Depression (ZARADEMP) study) and results from previous studies. ZARADEMP participants (n = 4057) free of dementia were followed up on for up to 12 years. Cases and subcases of anxiety were determined at baseline. A panel of four psychiatrists diagnosed incident cases of VaD by consensus. We searched for similar studies published up to October 2019 using PubMed and Web of Science. Observational studies reporting associations between anxiety and VaD risk, and adjusting at least for age, were selected. Odds ratios (ORs) from each study were combined using fixed-effects models. In the ZARADEMP study, the risk of VaD was 1.41 times higher among individuals with anxiety (95% CI: 0.75-2.68) compared with non-cases (p = 0.288). Pooling this result with results from two previous studies yielded an OR of 1.65 (95% CI: 1.07-2.53; p = 0.022). These findings indicate that anxiety is associated with an increased risk of VaD. Taking into account that anxiety is commonly observed in the elderly, treating and preventing it might reduce the prevalence and incidence of VaD. However, whether anxiety is a cause of a prodrome of VaD is still unknown, and future research is needed to clarify this

Does Anxiety Increase the Risk of all-Cause Dementia? An Updated Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Background:Anxiety has been suggested as a potentially modifiable risk factor for dementia, but results are still controversial. Our main objectives are to develop an updated meta-analysis of prospective population-based studies on the relationship between anxiety and risk of dementia, and to estimate the population fraction of dementia attributable to anxiety (PAF).Methods:We searched for cohort studies listed on PubMed or Web of Science from January 2018 to January 2020 that reported risk estimates for the association between anxiety and incident dementia. These were added to cohort studies published before January 2018 that were used in a previously published meta-analysis. Fully adjusted RRs were pooled using random effects models. We estimated the proportion of incident dementia attributable to anxiety by using PAF.Results:The meta-analysis included nine prospective cohorts from eight studies, representing 29, 608 participants. The overall relative risk (RR) of dementia was 1.24 (95% CI: 1.06-1.46) and the PAF of dementia due to anxiety was 3.9%.Conclusions:Anxiety is significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia. The treatment or prevention of anxiety might help to reduce dementia incidence rates, but more research is needed to clarify whether anxiety is a cause of dementia rather than a prodrome

Cardiovascular risk factors and memory decline in middle-aged and older adults: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

BACKGROUND: We investigated the association between trajectories of verbal episodic memory and burden of cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged and older community-dwellers. METHODS: We analysed data from 4372 participants aged 50-64 and 3005 persons aged 65-79 years old from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing who were repeatedly evaluated every 2 years and had six interviews of a 10-year follow-up. We measured the following baseline risk factors: diabetes, hypertension, smoking, physical inactivity and obesity to derive a cardiovascular risk factor score (CVRFs). Adjusted linear mixed effect regression models were estimated to determine the association between number of CVFRs and six repeated measurements of verbal memory scores, separately for middle-aged and older adults. RESULTS: CVRFs was not significantly associated with memory at baseline. CVFRs was significantly associated with memory decline in middle-aged (50-64y), but not in older (65-79y) participants. This association followed a dose-response pattern with increasing number of CVFRs being associated with greater cognitive decline. Comparisons between none versus some CVRFs yielded significant differences (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm that the effect of cumulative CVRFs on subsequent cognitive deterioration is age-dependent. CVRFs are associated with cognitive decline in people aged 50-64 years, but not in those aged ≥65 years. Although modest, the memory decline associated with accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors in midlife may increase the risk of late-life dementia

Post-traumatic stress in children and adolescents during the Covid-19 pandemic: a meta-analysis and intervention approaches to ensure mental health and well-being

Background: Since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, many measures have been taken to prevent the spread of the virus. Consequently, many minors have been confined to their homes and have had to subsequently adapt to countless protocol changes. These factors appear to have contributed to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in many children. Materials and Methods: The authors searched Medline through PubMed and other databases for studies published from 1 December 2019 to 31 December 2021 on the prevalence of PTSD in schoolchildren. The authors used a random-effects model to calculate the pooled prevalence of PTSD. Results: A total of six studies were included in this review. Our results show a pooled prevalence of PTSD of 14% in children and adolescents. Subgroup analyses identify a significantly higher prevalence of PTSD for studies conducted in China and a higher prevalence in boys. The prevalence of PTSD appeared independent of child age or the methodological rigor of the study. Conclusions: Our results suggest that a large number of children may be suffering from PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder). Public health measures are thus needed to improve children’s mental health during and after the pandemic, so that the suffering is mitigated to prevent long-lasting effects