3 research outputs found
Institutional framework for financial supervision in European Union
ΠΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΡ, ΠΈ ΡΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ³ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ»Ρ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π»Π΅ Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° Π³Π° ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈ, Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π·ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±Π°Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°. Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΎΠ·ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π±Π°Π½Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΡΡ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ, Π°Π»ΠΈ Π±ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½Π°: Π°) ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π° Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Π°ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π°; Π±) ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π° Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ, ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π±Π°Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°, Π° Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° β ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π° Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ° Π·Π° ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π°ΠΌΠ° Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈ. ΠΠ· ΡΠΎΠ³ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅.
Π’ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄ ΡΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π° Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΎ Π½ΠΈ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ², ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈ Π·Π° Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ ΡΡΠΆΠΈΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°Π»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ, Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³Π»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡΠΈ (Π±Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ) ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π°ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ·Π±ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅.It is almost since the occurrence of the first forms of banking in the modern sense that states have recognized public interest in ensuring safe and sound banking operations and hence, the necessity to regulate and supervise banks' activities to a certain extent. There are numerous reasons that justify state intervention in the field of banking operations and the operations of other financial institutions, but they could all be summed up in the following two: a) the necessity to ensure that depositors and other consumers of financial services are better informed; b) the necessity to ensure the stability of financial system. However, along with an internationalization of banking and financial business in general, ensuring the stability of financial system has become an objective that the state can no longer achieve by itself, without interaction with other states in which financial institutions that operate in its territory also have their branches and subsidiaries. Due to this fact, supervision of financial institutions has become an asset that transcends national relevance and frameworks. The trend of establishment and development of institutional forms of cooperation between states in the field of financial supervision at the wider international level did not bypass the European Union. On the contrary, the institutional frameworks for the supervision of financial institutions were developed under the auspices of the European Union even more dynamically and more intensely as it soon became obvious, with the Internal Market and Single Currency, that leaving supervision to the exclusive competence of Member States could not be afforded because serious omissions in its exercise shook the very foundations of the European Union itself. Institutional forms of Member States' cooperation in the field of financial supervision have developed gradually, along with increasing integration, leading up to the creation of the Banking union within the European Union that we are the witnesses of. Establishment of the European System of Financial Supervision is one of the most important steps forward in this process
Institutional framework for financial supervision in European Union
ΠΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΡ, ΠΈ ΡΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ³ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ»Ρ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π»Π΅ Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° Π³Π° ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈ, Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π·ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±Π°Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°. Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΎΠ·ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π±Π°Π½Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΡΡ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ, Π°Π»ΠΈ Π±ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½Π°: Π°) ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π° Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Π°ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π°; Π±) ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π° Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ, ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π±Π°Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°, Π° Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° β ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π° Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ° Π·Π° ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π°ΠΌΠ° Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈ. ΠΠ· ΡΠΎΠ³ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅.
Π’ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄ ΡΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π° Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΎ Π½ΠΈ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ², ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈ Π·Π° Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ ΡΡΠΆΠΈΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°Π»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ, Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³Π»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡΠΈ (Π±Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ) ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π°ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ·Π±ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅.It is almost since the occurrence of the first forms of banking in the modern sense that states have recognized public interest in ensuring safe and sound banking operations and hence, the necessity to regulate and supervise banks' activities to a certain extent. There are numerous reasons that justify state intervention in the field of banking operations and the operations of other financial institutions, but they could all be summed up in the following two: a) the necessity to ensure that depositors and other consumers of financial services are better informed; b) the necessity to ensure the stability of financial system. However, along with an internationalization of banking and financial business in general, ensuring the stability of financial system has become an objective that the state can no longer achieve by itself, without interaction with other states in which financial institutions that operate in its territory also have their branches and subsidiaries. Due to this fact, supervision of financial institutions has become an asset that transcends national relevance and frameworks. The trend of establishment and development of institutional forms of cooperation between states in the field of financial supervision at the wider international level did not bypass the European Union. On the contrary, the institutional frameworks for the supervision of financial institutions were developed under the auspices of the European Union even more dynamically and more intensely as it soon became obvious, with the Internal Market and Single Currency, that leaving supervision to the exclusive competence of Member States could not be afforded because serious omissions in its exercise shook the very foundations of the European Union itself. Institutional forms of Member States' cooperation in the field of financial supervision have developed gradually, along with increasing integration, leading up to the creation of the Banking union within the European Union that we are the witnesses of. Establishment of the European System of Financial Supervision is one of the most important steps forward in this process
Institutional framework for financial supervision in European Union
ΠΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΡ, ΠΈ ΡΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ³ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ»Ρ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π»Π΅ Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° Π³Π° ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈ, Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π·ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±Π°Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°. Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΎΠ·ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π±Π°Π½Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΡΡ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ, Π°Π»ΠΈ Π±ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½Π°: Π°) ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π° Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Π°ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π°; Π±) ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π° Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ, ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π±Π°Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°, Π° Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° β ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π° Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ° Π·Π° ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π°ΠΌΠ° Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈ. ΠΠ· ΡΠΎΠ³ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅.
Π’ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄ ΡΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π° Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΎ Π½ΠΈ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ², ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈ Π·Π° Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ ΡΡΠΆΠΈΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°Π»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ, Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³Π»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡΠΈ (Π±Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ) ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π°ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ·Π±ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅.It is almost since the occurrence of the first forms of banking in the modern sense that states have recognized public interest in ensuring safe and sound banking operations and hence, the necessity to regulate and supervise banks' activities to a certain extent. There are numerous reasons that justify state intervention in the field of banking operations and the operations of other financial institutions, but they could all be summed up in the following two: a) the necessity to ensure that depositors and other consumers of financial services are better informed; b) the necessity to ensure the stability of financial system. However, along with an internationalization of banking and financial business in general, ensuring the stability of financial system has become an objective that the state can no longer achieve by itself, without interaction with other states in which financial institutions that operate in its territory also have their branches and subsidiaries. Due to this fact, supervision of financial institutions has become an asset that transcends national relevance and frameworks. The trend of establishment and development of institutional forms of cooperation between states in the field of financial supervision at the wider international level did not bypass the European Union. On the contrary, the institutional frameworks for the supervision of financial institutions were developed under the auspices of the European Union even more dynamically and more intensely as it soon became obvious, with the Internal Market and Single Currency, that leaving supervision to the exclusive competence of Member States could not be afforded because serious omissions in its exercise shook the very foundations of the European Union itself. Institutional forms of Member States' cooperation in the field of financial supervision have developed gradually, along with increasing integration, leading up to the creation of the Banking union within the European Union that we are the witnesses of. Establishment of the European System of Financial Supervision is one of the most important steps forward in this process