Gene therapy for cleft lip and palate.

Extensive studies have established a mutual association between genetic predominance and environmental factors, leading to cleft lip and palate (CLP). Currently, CLP is being treated using a multidisciplinary approach. Gene therapy has a promising future and is under development for the treatment of various diseases. What about CLP? Recently a statement denying the near future possibility of achieving a cure through somatic cell gene therapy (SCGT) was made.1 However, there is extensive research going on currently, regarding the identification of new alleles associated with CLP mutations

Validity of Pont’s analysis in a sample of Bangladeshi orthodontics patients

To assess the applicability of Pont’s index for arch width prediction among the Bangladeshi population. Materials and Methods: Models of 37 male and 63 female subjects ranging in age between 16 to 25 years were sandomly selected out of all patients attending the Orthodontic clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). Teeth size and arch size were measured to determine the Pont’s value. Results: The reported value of Pont’s ratio is 0.87±0.08 (premolar) and 0.67±0.05 (molar). The mean value of Pont’s ratio in the present study is 0.88±0.07 and 0.67±0.05 for females, and 0.89±0.09 and 0.66±0.05 for males. The reported mean index value of Pont is 0.80 and 0.64 with the differences 0.03 and 0.01 whereas, in this study, index value were 0.87 and 0.67, and the differences are 0.07 and 0.03 respectively which are statistically significant compared to the reported values. Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study, Pont’s index is not applicable in the Bangladeshi population

3D CT Soft Tissue Craniofacial Analysis and Lip Morphology

Objective: To assess the soft tissue characteristics of Bangladeshi adults to formulate soft tissue 3D CT standards using Holdaway’s (HA) and lip morphology (LM) analyses. Another aim of this study was to assess the gender dimorphism of Bangladeshi population. Material and Methods: One hundred and seventeen (Eighty-five men and Thirty-two women) Bangladeshi adults have obtained their computed tomography (CT) scan at the Radiology Department for normal diagnosis. Craniofacial deformities were undetected in all cases. The CT images were prepared by a 3D imaging programming software (Mimics 11.02 Materialise). Parameters from the identified landmark points were measured in 3D through this software. Results: Upper lip thickness (ULT) (vermillion UL-A point) measurement was significant in HA and in LM analyses, upper lip protrusion (ULP) (Ls to Sn-SPog) measurement has demonstrated significant difference among both genders, where p-value was less than 0.05. Mean measurements of Bangladeshi adults were relatively comparable except the face convexity (FC) when compared with the HA cephalometric soft tissue values. Conclusion: By using HA and LM analyses, 3D CT soft tissue standards were established for Bangladeshi adults. Measurements for all parameters have remained equivalent with the HA standard data apart from the FC measurement. This consequently may demonstrate that the Bangladeshi population retains a convex shape with a slight protrusive lip or retruded chin

Runoff Estimation of Aralamallige Watershed, Bangalore Using Remote Sensing and GIS Approach

The area selected for the present study was Aralamallige Watershed in Dodaballapur Taluk, Bangalore Rural District located between 77° 25’and 77 °35’32.6’’ E longitude and 13 °15’ 21.54’’ and 13° 23’2.27’’N Latitude. The catchment comprises of an area of about 138.45 sq.km. Remote sensing provides the base informations on the land use/land cover, soil, drainage and other aspects. GIS softwares were used for database creation and other analysis.Runoff was estimated using soil conservation service(SCS) model and estimated to be 323.54mm, 188.64mm, 78.43mm, 22.27mm, 158.79mm and 42.16mm for the years 2000 and 2005 respectively. The study demonstrated the use of remotely sensed da ta in conjugation with GIS for better management of natural resources within the watershed

Geomorphological Analysis of Aralamallige Watershed, Bangalore Using Remote Sensing and Gis Approach

The area selected for the present study was Aralamallige Watershed in Dodaballapur Taluk, Bangalore Rural District located between 77° 25’and 77 °35’32.6’’ E longitude and 13 °15’ 21.54’’ and 13° 23’2.27’’N Latitude. The catchment comprises of an area of about 138.45 sq.km. Remote sensing provides the base information’s on the land use/land cover, soil, drainage and other aspects. GIS softwares were used for database creation and other analysis. Morphometric analysis was carried for the entire watershed to understand the hydrological process. Drainage density estimated to be 1.9km/sq km. The study demonstrated the use of remotely sensed data in conjugation with GIS for better management of natural resources within the watershe

Cephalometric for Orthognathic Surgery (COGS) Analysis for Saudi Population

Objective: To establish the cephalometric (Ceph.) norm by Ceph. for orthognathic surgery (COGS) analysis for Saudi population. Material and Methods: 500 adult Saudi samples (250 males and 250 females) with the age range of 18-30 years old were selected for this study. The selections of samples were based on a normal occlusal relationship, no history of facial trauma and no previous orthodontic treatment. Lateral Ceph. radiographs were tracing by CASSOS software and analyzed by SPSS software according to COGS analysis. Results: Significant differences were showed between the Saudi males and females on most of the Ceph. parameters. The Saudi males had a convex facial profile with chin prominent and more bimaxillary protrusion, upper and lower lip protrusion than the Saudi females. Conclusion: This study evaluated the craniofacial morphological difference between the male and the female population in Saudi Arabia by using COGS analysis. The finding of this study will help for better diagnosis of orthodontic and orthognathic surgical treatment planning and identify the morphological facial characteristics of Saudi patients

Ricketts’ Cephalometric Analysis for Saudi Population

Objective: To evaluate the cephalometric norm for Saudi sample by Ricketts analysis (RA). Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, cephalometric radiographs were taken for 500  samples. The subjects included 250 males and 250 females. The ages of the subjects ranged from 18-30years. The criteria of selection were based on Class I incisor relationship, no skeletal abnormality and no previous orthodontic treatment. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken, traced and digitized by SPSS software, according to RA. An independent t-test was used to test the level of significance between genders.  Results: Significant disparities found between Saudi males and females in dental and soft tissue measurements. The result showed that the distal position of the maxillary first molar to pterygoid vertical plane (U6 to Ptv) measurement was highly significantly greater (p<0.001) in Saudi males than females. Lower incisor to A- Pog (L1 to A-Pog) and lower lip to E plane was significantly longer (p<0.05) in Saudi males than females. Other measurements had no significant difference between Saudi males and females. Conclusion: The craniofacial morphology of the Saudi males was different from Saudi females using Ricketts analysis. This study will help the clinicians to diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic and orthognathic patients