72 research outputs found
The Call for Dignity, or a Particular Universalism
Although the many difficulties of Tunisiaâs democratic transition have received significant attention over the past six months, there has been relatively little commentary regarding the claims and attitudes that made the winter mobilizations so unique. The movementâs so-called lack of leadership, the proliferation of parties, the economic and financial crisis, the risk of a supposedly Islamist threatâall these themes have been discussed at length by analysts in Tunisia and abroad. Consequently, rather than engaging in yet another attempt to assess the movementâs success, or predict its failure, this paper examines an aspect of the mobilization that has attracted surprisingly little attention, namely, the Tunisian protestorsâ call for dignity (karama) and respect (ihtiram)
La rĂ©ception française de lâĆuvre de Saba Mahmood et de lâasadisme
- PiĂ©tĂ© et capacitĂ© dâagir
- Lâobsession française pour la question du voile et la polarisation du dĂ©bat public
- Lâenthousiasme des jeunes chercheurs pour les thĂšses de Mahmood et lâintĂ©gration aux recherches sur lâislam
- Lâasadisme et la sociologie française du religieux, des gĂ©nĂ©alogies intellectuelles parallĂšles
- La mĂ©fiance des sciences sociales du religieux envers la tendance thĂ©oriciste et le rejet de lâessentialisation de lâĂȘtre musulma
The U.S. Coptic Diaspora and the Limit of Polarization
After briefly presenting the main characteristics of the Coptic diaspora in the United States and of its attempts at gaining political clout since the 1990s, the article examines the impact of the election of President Obama and of the 2011 Egyptian revolution on the rhetoric and strategy of the main Coptic organizations in the United States. I also examine the changing relation between Copts in Egypt and Copts in the United States
La transition tunisienne : du compromis démocratique à la réconciliation forcée
CĂ©lĂ©brĂ©e comme le seul succĂšs du Printemps arabe, la Tunisie a rĂ©ussi Ă faire face Ă de nombreux dĂ©fis de la pĂ©riode post-rĂ©volutionnaire grĂące Ă la capacitĂ© des principaux acteurs politiques et sociaux Ă formuler des compromis. Il faut toutefois examiner de façon critique les multiples formes de compromis qui caractĂ©risent la transition tunisienne et leurs implications pour le pluralisme dĂ©mocratique. Cet article analyse les transactions politiques institutionnelles qui ont eu lieu depuis 2011 en montrant quâelles ont Ă©tĂ© marquĂ©es par deux façons dâenvisager le compromis, lâaffrontement raisonnĂ© et lâendiguement. Ce faisant, il cherche Ă montrer comment, entre 2011 et 2015, lâopposition tant dĂ©battue entre islamistes et sĂ©cularistes a Ă©tĂ© remplacĂ©e par une autre opposition, plus dĂ©terminante, entre adeptes du pluralisme dĂ©mocratique et partisans du consensus forcĂ©.The Tunisian Transition: From Democratic Compromise to Forced Reconciliation
Celebrated as the only success of the Arab Spring, Tunisia has managed to deal with numerous challenges in the post-revolutionary period, thanks to the ability of the main political and social actors to frame compromises. However, the numerous forms of compromises that have characterized the Tunisian transition as well as their implications for democratic pluralism should be examined critically. The article analyses the institutional political transactions that have occurred since 2011 and shows that they have been marked by two different ways of envisaging compromise : reasoned confrontation or containment. It shows how, between 2011 and 2015, the much debated opposition between islamists and secularists has been replaced by a different, more decisive opposition between the partisans of democratic pluralism and the supporters of forced consensus
Le discours des nĂ©oconservateurs sur lâadhĂ©sion de la Turquie Ă lâUnion europĂ©enne (2000-2005)
Le discours des nĂ©oconservateurs amĂ©ricains sur lâadhĂ©sion de la Turquie Ă lâUnion europĂ©enne manifeste une certaine ambivalence. Les nĂ©oconservateurs dĂ©fendent lâidĂ©e dâadhĂ©sion avant tout pour des raisons stratĂ©giques telles que le maintien de la stabilitĂ© au Moyen Orient. Cependant ils craignent Ă©galement quâune Turquie europĂ©enne ne devienne anti-amĂ©ricaine, notamment sous lâinfluence de la « Vieille Europe ». Ainsi le choix des nĂ©oconservateurs en faveur de lâadhĂ©sion turque nâexclut-il pas les dĂ©bats et les dĂ©saccords. Le point de vue politique des nĂ©oconservateurs ne relĂšve pas uniquement de considĂ©rations dâordre stratĂ©gique ou de real-politik. Il se fonde Ă©galement sur une thĂ©orisation de lâexceptionnalisme turc, qui puise dans les arguments dâEdmund Burke, de Bernard Lewis et dâAlbert Wohlstetter.Neoconservative Discourse on Turkeyâs Admission to the E.U.U.S. neoconservative discourse on the admission of Turkey into the European Union is ambivalent. On the one hand, the neoconservatives favour its admission for strategic reasons, particularly with a view to maintaining stability in the Middle East. On the other hand, however, they fear a European Turkey might become anti-American, especially under the influence of âOld Europe.â So underneath the veneer of a neoconservative consensus lie disagreements and dissension. Their âofficialâ yes to Turkish accession is based not only on strategic considerations of realpolitik, but also on theories of the Turkish exception, using arguments drawn from Edmund Burke, Bernard Lewis and Albert Wohlstetter
Grape Seed and Skin Extract Mitigates High Dosage Garlic-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Heart
Garlic is a commonly used spice in folk medicine which could exert adverse health effects when given at high dose. Grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) exhibits a variety of beneficial effects even at high dose. In the present study we evaluated the toxicity of high garlic dose treatment on heart and the protective effect of GSSE. Rats were intraperitoneally (IP) administered either with garlic extract (5 g/kg bw) or GSSE (500 mg/kg bw) or a combination of garlic and GSSE at the same doses daily for one month. Data showed that high garlic dose induced heart toxicity and a pro-oxidative status characterized by increased MDA, NO, carbonyl protein, LDH, H2O2, free iron, and calcium. Unexpectedly garlic increased catalase and peroxidase but had no effect on superoxide dismutase. GSSE alone or in co-treatment with garlic had an opposite role and counteracted almost all garlic-induced deleterious effects to near control level. In conclusion, high garlic dose induced a pro-oxidative state into heart via the Fenton reaction between H2O2 and free iron, and GSSE exerted antioxidant properties
Les LumiĂšres juives ou la rĂ©forme de lâislamologie
Le premier regard positif et moderne sur lâIslam Ă©merge en Europe centrale et en Allemagne, au xixe siĂšcle, chez deux penseurs juifs, Abraham Geiger et Ignaz Goldziher. La rĂ©flexion de ces deux savants se fonde, non pas sur la tradition anticlĂ©ricale des LumiĂšres françaises et anglaises, mais sur la tradition germanique de lâAufklĂ€rung et plus prĂ©cisĂ©ment sur la tradition des LumiĂšres juives, de lâHaskala
Does Innovation Promote Performance? Evidence from Developed Economies During Crises
This study examines the relationship between firm performance and innovation levels of Information Technology and Communication (ICT), covering 886 firms from five developed countries during the period 2000-2020. The results indicate a positive association between the accessibility and/or the use of ICTs and firmsâ innovation performance. More precisely, the positive relationship between ICTs and firm performance is highly pronounced in small-sized firms and strongly related to R&D decisions in large firms. However, during the recession period, the relationship between performance and innovation level is affected differently by the financial crisis, leading to contradictory results. Interestingly, the pandemic crisis has had a positive impact on the firmâs performance-innovation relationship. Despite high rates of ICT diffusion, the results of performance and innovation cannot be considered universal due to the significant differences between countries. Our findings may contribute to the literature by highlighting how variations in ICT impact firmsâ innovation performance across countries, particularly during crises. Keywords: Information and Communication Technology, Performance, Innovation, Financial Crisis, Pandemic Crisis. DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/14-19-03 Publication date: November 30th 202
The Politics of Islam in Europe and North America
There has traditionally been a wide divide between the study of the politics of Islam in the Middle East and in the West. Middle East-focused research in American political science has focused in great depth on issues such as political mobilization, social service provision, electoral performance, and Islamist ideologies. American research on Islam in the West, by contrast, has often focused on cultural conflicts, immigration, terrorism, and anti-Islamic campaigns. Todayâs European scholarship on Islam distinguishes itself by a wide spectrum of methods, topics, and fieldworks, with a trend toward strong ethnographic research. Over the last two decades, a prolific and pluralist field of scholarship on Islam and Muslims in Europe and the U.S. has emerged and brought to the fore innovative perspectives and understudied topics.
On June 28, 2018, POMEPS and Sciences Po CERI convened a workshop with a dozen scholars of Islam and politics in Europe and North America to engage with these various perspectives. Their work in POMEPS Studies 32: The Politics of Islam in Europe and North America illustrates the richness of the field of the politics of Islam in Europe and the U.S.Introduction, Marc Lynch, Nadia Marzouki
French Muslim authorities as social troubleshooters, Margot Dazey
What makes âMuslim representativesâ representative? The public policy attempts to build a representative Muslim organization in France, Fatima Khemilat
The Hajj from a French perspective: The effects of the pilgrimage on collective identities, Leila Seurat
Constraining Muslim Mobilizations in France. Symbolic Repression and Disqualification as Demobilization Practices, Julien Talpin
Mosques and Political Engagement in Europe and North America, Aubrey Westfall
The Politics of âTraditionâ and the Production of Diasporic Shia Religiosity, Avi Astor, co-authors Victor Albert Blanco, Rosa MartĂnez Cuadros
The Islamic Deathscapes of Germany, Osman Balkan
âDo We Need a Minaret?â: Challenging Urban Contexts and Changing Islamic Theologies, Sultan Tepe
Approaching the Security-Integration Nexus, Andrew Aguilar
Towards an autonomization of Jihadism? The ideological, sociological and political permeability between contemporary quietist Salafism and Jihadism in France, Mohamed-Ali Adraoui
Sunni Jihadism and Religious Authority: Its Transformative Character and Effects, Tore Hamming
The Effects of Discrimination on European Muslim Trust in Governmental Institutions, Mujtaba Ali Isani
Heâs Not an Imam, lol Heâs a Postal Worker: Locating the Imam in the USA, Nancy Khalil
Trust and Giving for the Sake of God: The Rise of the Bureaucratic Non-Profit in American Muslim Charity, Katherine Merriman
Art and activism of the âwar on terrorâ generation: British Muslim youth and the politics of refusal, Bogumila Hal
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