UJI IN VITRO AKTIVITAS ANTI BAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% BIJI PEPAYA (Carica papaya L) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli

Penyakit-penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Escherichia coli menjadi ancaman terhadapkesehatan individu dan masyarakat. Escherichia coli normalnya merupakan organismekomensal dalam saluran cerna hewan dan manusia namun dapat menjadi pathogen karenamemiliki virulensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak bijipepaya terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan mengetahui potensi antibakteri ekstrak bijipapaya dari tiap konsentrasi. Metode yang digunakan eksperimental laboratorium denganPosttest Only Control Group Design. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 70% biji pepayadiuji dengan menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Sampel peneltian terdiri dari 10 kelompokperlakuan terdiri atas kontrol positif (ciprofloxcacin), kontrol negatif (aquades bidestilata),ekstrak etanol 70% biji pepaya 100%, 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25%, 3,125%, 1,56%, 0,78%dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Diameter zona hambat yang terbentuk diamati dan diukur.Hasil Uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukan p=0,001 yang artinya terdapat perbedaan zona hambatantara dua kelompok. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa aktivitas antibakteri terdapatpada ekstrak etanol 70% biji papaya konsentrasi 100% hingga 6,25%. Konsentrasi 100%memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang kuat sedangkan konsentrasi 50% hingga 6,25% memilikiaktivitas antibakteri sedang

Substantial radiation reduction in pediatric and adult congenital heart disease interventions with a novel X-ray imaging technology

Pediatric catheterization exposes patients to varying radiation doses. Concerns over the effects of X-ray radiation dose on the patient population have increased in recent years. This study aims at quantifying the patient radiation dose reduction after the introduction of an X-ray imaging technology using advanced real time image noise reduction algorithms and optimized acquisition chain for fluoroscopy and exposure in a pediatric and adult population with congenital heart disease. Patient and radiation dose data was retrospectively collected (July 2012–February 2013) for 338 consecutive patients treated with a system using state of the art image processing and reference acquisition chain (referred as “reference system”). The same data was collected (March–October 2013) for 329 consecutive patients treated with the new imaging technology (Philips AlluraClarity, referred as “new system”). Patients were divided into three weight groups: A) below 10 kg, B) 10–40 kg, and C) over 40 kg. Radiation dose was quantified using dose area product (DAP), while procedure complexity using fluoroscopy time, procedure duration and volume of contrast medium. The new system provides significant patient dose reduction compared to the reference system. Median DAP values were reduced in group A) from 140.6 cGy·cm2 to 60.7 cGy·cm2, in group B) from 700.0 cGy·cm2 to 202.2 cGy·cm2 and in group C) from 4490.4 cGy·cm2 to 1979.8 cGy·cm2 with reduction of 57%, 71% and 56% respectively (p < 0.0001 for all groups). Despite no other changes in procedural approach, the novel X-ray imaging technology provided substantial radiation dose reduction of 56% or higher

Substantial radiation reduction in pediatric and adult congenital heart disease interventions with a novel X-ray imaging technology

Background: Pediatric catheterization exposes patients to varying radiation doses. Concerns over the effects of X-ray radiation dose on the patient population have increased in recent years. This study aims at quantifying the patient radiation dose reduction after the introduction of an X-ray imaging technology using advanced real time image noise reduction algorithms and optimized acquisition chain for fluoroscopy and exposure in a pediatric and adult population with congenital heart disease. Methods: Patient and radiation dose data was retrospectively collected (July 2012–February 2013) for 338 consecutive patients treated with a system using state of the art image processing and reference acquisition chain (referred as “reference system”). The same data was collected (March–October 2013) for 329 consecutive patients treated with the new imaging technology (Philips AlluraClarity, referred as “new system”). Patients were divided into three weight groups: A) below 10 kg, B) 10–40 kg, and C) over 40 kg. Radiation dose was quantified using dose area product (DAP), while procedure complexity using fluoroscopy time, procedure duration and volume of contrast medium. Results: The new system provides significant patient dose reduction compared to the reference system. Median DAP values were reduced in group A) from 140.6 cGy·cm2 to 60.7 cGy·cm2, in group B) from 700.0 cGy·cm2 to 202.2 cGy·cm2 and in group C) from 4490.4 cGy·cm2 to 1979.8 cGy·cm2 with reduction of 57%, 71% and 56% respectively (p < 0.0001 for all groups). Conclusions: Despite no other changes in procedural approach, the novel X-ray imaging technology provided substantial radiation dose reduction of 56% or higher

Aceite de cannabis y sus efectos sobre la presión arterial, parámetros metabólicos y daño hepático en ratas hembras y machos alimentadas con una dieta rica en sacarosa

Introducción: Síndrome Metabólico (SM) es una de las denominaciones más utilizadas para la entidad clínica que reúne o asocia distintos trastornos que aumentan el riesgo de Enfermedad Cardiovascular y Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, entre ellos: obesidad abdominal, dislipemia, hipertensión arterial, insulinorresistencia o intolerancia a glucosa, estado proinflamatorio y protrombótico, estrés oxidativo y esteatosis hepática no alcohólica. Extractos de Cannabis sativa L. se utilizan para una variedad de usos medicinales, entre ellos, epilepsia, depresión, glaucoma, cáncer, dolor, insomnio, falta de apetito, náuseas, vómitos, entre otros. Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de la administración de aceite de cannabis (CBD:THC, 2:1) sobre la presión arterial, parámetros metabólicos y daño hepático en ratas hembras y machos alimentadas con una dieta rica en sacarosa (DRS). La hipótesis planteada en el presente estudio es que la administración de aceite de cannabis podría mejorar la presión arterial, los parámetros plasmáticos y el daño hepático en ratas Wistar de ambos sexos. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizaron ratas Wistar hembras y machos, las cuales se alimentaron con las siguientes dietas durante 3 semanas: Dieta de Referencia (DR): dieta comercial estándar de laboratorio, DRS y DRS+Aceite de cannabis (DRS+Ca): con la administración oral de 1 mg/kg de peso corporal de aceite de cannabis diario. El aceite de cannabis espectro completo presentó una proporción total de cannabinoides CBD:THC de 2:1. Durante el período experimental se evaluó: peso corporal, ingesta de alimentos, presión arterial sistólica y diastólica. Al final del período experimental se evaluaron los niveles de glucosa, triglicéridos, colesterol, ácido úrico, aspartato aminotransferasa (AST), alanina aminotransferasa (ALT) y fosfatasa alcalina (FA) en suero. En hígado se realizó contenido de triglicéridos y colesterol. Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el peso corporal ni en ingesta diaria entre los grupos experimentales de ambos sexos. En el grupo DRS+Ca (P<0,05): La presión arterial sistólica y diastólica disminuyó durante el protocolo experimental. Los niveles de triglicéridos, y ácido úrico aumentados en el grupo DRS disminuyeron significativamente en ambos sexos, sin cambios en los niveles de glucosa. El aceite de cannabis disminuyó los niveles de colesterol séricos aumentados sólo en ratas macho del grupo DRS. Además, mejoró el daño hepático disminuyendo significativamente los niveles de AST, ALT y FA en suero en ambos sexos. A nivel hepático, el contenido de triglicéridos y colesterol disminuyó significativamente en ratas hembras y machos alimentados con DRS. Conclusión: Nuestros resultados sugieren que la administración de aceite de cannabis espectro completo, con una proporción de cannabinoides CBD:THC 2:1, podría ser útil en la prevención de algunas alteraciones presentes en el Síndrome Metabólico, incluyendo hipertensión, dislipidemia y daño hepático en ambos sexos.Fil: Degrave, Valentina María. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Vega Joubert, Michelle Berenice. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Battisti, Martina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Mauti, Candelaria. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Vaccarini, Cristian Adrián. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Sedan, Daniela Yazmine. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Andrinolo, Dario. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: D'alessandro, Maria Eugenia Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Oliva, Maria Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas; Argentin

Evaluation of a Noise Reduction Imaging Technology in Iliac Digital Subtraction Angiography: Noninferior Clinical Image Quality with Lower Patient and Scatter Dose

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether equivalent-quality images can be obtained from digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of the iliac artery after implementation of a novel imaging technology that reduces patient and scatter x-ray dose.Materials and MethodsImaging using two randomly ordered DSA runs was performed in 51 adults scheduled for iliac artery angiography or intervention or both. One DSA run used standard acquisition chain and image processing algorithms (referred to as “ reference DSA”), and the other DSA run used dose-reduction and real-time advanced image noise reduction technology (referred to as “study DSA”). The quality of each pair of runs, consecutively performed without changes in working projection or injection parameters, was independently rated by five radiologists blinded to the imaging technology used. Patient radiation dose was evaluated using air kerma and dose area product, and scatter dose was evaluated using three dosimeters (DoseAware, Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands), located at fixed positions.ResultsComparable image pairs were available in 48 patients. There were 44 patients undergoing treatment involving the common (n = 33) or external (n = 29) iliac arteries. Study DSA images were rated as equal to or better than reference DSA images for 96% of comparisons, with an average overall agreement among raters of 0.93 (95% confidence interval, 0.65–0.96). Mean patient radiation dose (n = 48) and scatter dose rate for the three dosimeters (n = 50) was 83% ± 5 and 69% ± 10 lower, respectively, using the study technology (P < .001).ConclusionsIliac artery DSA performed using a dose-reduction and real-time advanced image noise reduction technology results in image quality that is noninferior to conventional DSA but with significantly lower patient and scatter radiation exposure (P < .001)

Characteristics of a New X-Ray Imaging System for Interventional Procedures : Improved Image Quality and Reduced Radiation Dose

Purpose To compare image quality and radiation exposure between a new angiographic imaging system and the preceding generation system during uterine artery embolization (UAE). Materials and Methods In this retrospective, IRB-approved two-arm study, 54 patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids were treated with UAE on two different angiographic imaging systems. The new system includes optimized acquisition parameters and real-time image processing algorithms. Air kerma (AK), dose area product (DAP) and acquisition time for digital fluoroscopy (DF) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were recorded. Body mass index was noted as well. DF image quality was assessed objectively by image noise measurements. DSA image quality was rated by two blinded, independent readers on a four-rank scale. Statistical differences were assessed with unpaired t tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results There was no significant difference between the patients treated on the new (n = 36) and the old system (n = 18) regarding age (p = 0.10), BMI (p = 0.18), DF time (p = 0.35) and DSA time (p = 0.17). The new system significantly reduced the cumulative AK and DAP by 64 and 72%, respectively (median 0.58 Gy and 145.9 Gy*cm2 vs. 1.62 Gy and 526.8 Gy*cm2, p < 0.01 for both). Specifically, DAP for DF and DSA decreased by 59% (75.3 vs. 181.9 Gy*cm2, p < 0.01) and 78% (67.6 vs. 312.2 Gy*cm2, p < 0.01), respectively. The new system achieved a significant decrease in DF image noise (p < 0.01) and a significantly better DSA image quality (p < 0.01). Conclusions The new angiographic imaging system significantly improved image quality and reduced radiation exposure during UAE procedures.(VLID)357422