Additional file 1: of Concurrent exergaming and transcranial direct current stimulation to improve balance in people with Parkinson’s disease: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents. (DOC 122 kb

Grand average (n = 9, mean±SD) of the pain/discomfort and physiological parameters during the voluntary (VOL) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) conditions at percentages of the individual maximal tolerated current intensity (MTI).

<p>PRS: pain rating scale; VAS: visual analogue scale; SC: skin conductance; HR: heart rate; RR: respiratory rate.</p><p>*: Significantly (<i>P</i><0.05) different from MTI+</p><p>⁺: Significantly (<i>P</i><0.05) different from MTI</p><p>^#: Significantly (<i>P</i><0.05) different from 50%MTI</p><p>^{^}: Significantly (<i>P</i><0.05) different from VOL.</p><p>Grand average (n = 9, mean±SD) of the pain/discomfort and physiological parameters during the voluntary (VOL) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) conditions at percentages of the individual maximal tolerated current intensity (MTI).</p

Group mean (n = 9) cortical (a) and superficial (b) oxygenated (O₂Hb) and deoxygenated (HHb) hemoglobin maps during the voluntary (VOL) and NMES conditions at percentages of the individual maximal tolerated current intensity (MTI).

<p>The vertical colored scale indicates the significance level based on the uncorrected p-values (p<0.05-p<0.0001).</p

Group mean (n = 9) cortical oxygenated (O₂Hb) and deoxygenated (HHb) hemoglobin contrast maps between the NMES conditions at percentages of the individual maximal tolerated current intensity (MTI).

<p>The vertical colored scale indicates the significance level based on the uncorrected p-values (p<0.05-p<0.0001).</p

(a) Positions of the 32 fNIRS channels projected over a three-dimensional reconstruction of the brain cortex (L: Left hemisphere, R: Right hemisphere).

<p>The main cortical regions of interest are shown in the green circles: SMC- sensorimotor cortex (S1/M1); PMC/SMA- premotor cortex and supplementary motor area; PFC- prefrontal cortex; S2- secondary somatosensory area (See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131951#pone.0131951.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> for specific Brodmann areas representing each cortical region of interest). (b) Scheme illustrating the concept of early and late photons in TD fNIRS measurements (N is the number of photons, t the photon time-of-flight, and ρ the source detector distance).</p