268 research outputs found
A Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Model of Hybrid Inflation
We propose a model of inflation based on a simple variant of the NMSSM,
called NMSSM, where the additional singlet plays the role of the
inflaton in hybrid (or inverted hybrid) type models. As in the original NMSSM,
the NMSSM solves the problem of the MSSM via the VEV of a gauge
singlet , but unlike the NMSSM does not suffer from domain wall problems
since the offending symmetry is replaced by an approximate Peccei-Quinn
symmetry which also solves the strong CP problem, and leads to an invisible
axion with interesting cosmological consequences. The PQ symmetry may arise
from a superstring model with an exact discrete symmetry after
compactification. The model predicts a spectral index to one part in
.Comment: 17 pages, Latex; note added, accepted for Phys. Lett.
Non-linear metric perturbation enhancement of primordial gravitational waves
We present the evolution of the full set of Einstein equations during
preheating after inflation. We study a generic supersymmetric model of hybrid
inflation, integrating fields and metric fluctuations in a 3-dimensional
lattice. We take initial conditions consistent with Eintein's constraint
equations. The induced preheating of the metric fluctuations is not large
enough to backreact onto the fields, but preheating of the scalar modes does
affect the evolution of vector and tensor modes. In particular, they do enhance
the induced stochastic background of gravitational waves during preheating,
giving an energy density in general an order of magnitude larger than that
obtained by evolving the tensors fluctuations in an homogeneous background
metric. This enhancement can improve the expectations for detection by planned
gravitational waves observatories.Comment: 5 pages, 4 eps figures, matches Phys. Rev. Lett. versio
Threshold Effects And Perturbative Unification
We discuss the effect of the renormalization procedure in the computation of
the unification point for running coupling constants. We explore the effects of
threshold--crossing on the --functions. We compute the running of the
coupling constants of the Standard Model, between and , using a mass
dependent subtraction procedure, and then compare the results with ,
and with the -- function approximation. We also do this for the Minimal
Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model. In the latter, the bounds on
susy masses that one obtains by requiring perturbative unification are
dependent, to some extent, on the procedure.Comment: 22 pages, REVTEX-2.1, 6 Post-Script figures are include
Equation of State of the Transplanckian Dark Energy and the Coincidence Problem
Observational evidence suggests that our universe is presently dominated by a
dark energy component and undergoing accelerated expansion. We recently
introduced a model, motivated by string theory for short-distance physics, for
explaining dark energy without appealing to any fine-tuning. The idea of the
transplanckian dark energy (TDE) was based on the freeze-out mechanism of the
ultralow frequency modes, of very short distances, by the expansion
of the background universe, . In this paper we address the
issue of the stress-energy tensor for the nonlinear short-distance physics and
explain the need to modify Einstein equations in this regime. From the modified
Einstein equations we then derive the equation of state for the TDE model,
which has the distinctive feature of being continually time-dependent. The
explanation of the coincidence puzzle relies entirely on the intrinsic
time-evolution of the TDE equation of state.Comment: 19 pages, 1 eps figure
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