Prática da ginástica laboral por trabalhadores das indústrias do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

O presente estudo identificou a prevalência e os fatores associados à prática de ginástica laboral por trabalhadores da indústria no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Realizou-se análise secundária dos dados de um estudo de delineamento transversal, com amostra probabilística de 2.265 trabalhadores, de ambos os sexos. O instrumento de pesquisa foi o questionário autoadministrado "Estilo de vida e hábitos de lazer dos trabalhadores das indústrias brasileiras", previamente validado. A variável dependente foi a prática de ginástica laboral, definida pela resposta positiva à questão: "Você participa do programa de ginástica na empresa (ginástica laboral)?". Foram coletadas informações demográficas, socioeconômicas, comportamentais e relacionadas à saúde, como potenciais fatores associados. Na análise de dados, empregou-se o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson e o modelo de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, nas análises bruta e ajustada, respectivamente. A prática de ginástica laboral foi referida por 40,3% dos respondentes (IC95%: 38,2; 42,3), sendo mais prevalente nos trabalhadores do sexo feminino, com maiores níveis de escolaridade, naqueles mais ativos no lazer e que relatavam menores intensidades de esforço no trabalho. Não se observou associação da variável dependente com idade, estado civil, renda familiar bruta, tabagismo, autopercepção de saúde e autopercepção do nível de estresse. Programas de ginástica laboral devem desenvolver estratégias de promoção da saúde que priorizem subgrupos de trabalhadores menos envolvidos, em especial, indivíduos do sexo masculino e com menor escolaridade. Desse modo, será possível reduzir as disparidades, beneficiando trabalhadores, independentemente de suas características sociodemográficas, a melhores condições saúde e bem-estar no ambiente das indústrias

Evidence of niche partitioning under ontogenetic influences among three morphologically similar siluriformes in small subtropical streams

Ontogenetic influences in patterns of niche breadth and feeding overlap were investigated in three species of Siluriformes (Heptapterus sp., Rhamdia quelen and Trichomycterus poikilos) aiming at understanding the species coexistence. Samplings were conducted bimonthly by electrofishing technique from June/2012 to June/2013 in ten streams of the northwestern state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The stomach contents of 1,948 individuals were analyzed by volumetric method, with 59 food items identified. In general Heptapterus sp. consumed a high proportion of Aegla sp., terrestrial plant remains and Megaloptera; R. quelen consumed fish, and Oligochaeta, followed by Aegla sp.; while the diet of T. poikilos was based on Simuliidae, Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera. Specie segregation was observed in the NMDS. Through PERMANOVA analysis feeding differences among species, and between a combination of species plus size classes were observed. IndVal showed which items were indicators of these differences. Niche breadth values were high for all species. The niche breadth values were low only for the larger size of R. quelen and Heptapterus sp. while T. poikilos values were more similar. Overall the species were a low feeding overlap values. The higher frequency of high feeding overlap was observed for interaction between Heptapterus sp. and T. poikilos. The null model confirmed the niche partitioning between the species. The higher frequency of high and intermediate feeding overlap values were reported to smaller size classes. The null model showed resource sharing between the species/size class. Therefore, overall species showed a resource partitioning because of the use of occasional items. However, these species share resources mainly in the early ontogenetic stages until the emphasized change of morphological characteristics leading to trophic niche expansion and the apparent segregation observed

Common Mental Disorders: socio-demographic and pharmacotherapy profile

OBJECTIVE: this study reports an association between Common Mental Disorders and the socio-demographic and pharmacotherapy profiles of 106 patients cared for by a Primary Health Care unit in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. METHOD: this is a cross-sectional descriptive exploratory study with a quantitative approach. Structured interviews and validated instruments were used to collect data. The Statistical Package for Social Science was used for analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of Common Mental Disorders was 50%. An association was found between Common Mental Disorders and the variables occupation, family income, number of prescribed medications and number of pills taken a day. Greater therapy non-adherence was observed among those who tested positive for Common Mental Disorders. CONCLUSION: this study's results show the importance of health professionals working in PHC to be able to detect needs of a psychological nature among their patients and to support the implementation of actions to prevent the worsening of Common Mental Disorders