'The world is full of big bad wolves': investigating the experimental therapeutic spaces of R.D. Laing and Aaron Esterson

In conjunction with the recent critical assessments of the life and work of R.D. Laing, this paper seeks to demonstrate what is revealed when Laing’s work on families and created spaces of mental health care are examined through a geographical lens. The paper begins with an exploration of Laing’s time at the Tavistock Clinic in London during the 1960s, and of the co-authored text with Aaron Esterson entitled, Sanity, Madness and the Family (1964). The study then seeks to demonstrate the importance Laing and his colleague placed on the time-space situatedness of patients and their worlds. Finally, an account is provided of Laing’s and Esterson’s spatial thinking in relation to their creation of both real and imagined spaces of therapeutic care

Non-invasive, multichromatic eye oximeter Final report

Optical eye oximeter for measuring oxygen of choroidal blood for monitoring brain oxygen suppl

Direct dialling of Haar random unitary matrices

Random unitary matrices find a number of applications in quantum information science, and are central to the recently defined boson sampling algorithm for photons in linear optics. We describe an operationally simple method to directly implement Haar random unitary matrices in optical circuits, with no requirement for prior or explicit matrix calculations. Our physically-motivated and compact representation directly maps independent probability density functions for parameters in Haar random unitary matrices, to optical circuit components. We go on to extend the results to the case of random unitaries for qubits

Treason and Betrayal in the Middle English Romances of Sir Gawain

This article explores the themes of treason and betrayal which are common motifs of medieval romances, specifically those featuring the Arthurian knight Sir Gawain. Because loyalty to one’s lord, nation, or family unit was critical for survival in the Middle Ages, the problem of treachery by close companions is often a recurring subject in romances from this period. Such themes revealed to their audience the fragility of these relationships and cautioned against overconfidence in the bonds of loyalty. Romances featuring Gawain, like the Middle English Awntyrs off Arthur and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, conclude with the young hero learning to understand the dangers of duplicity. Positioning these messages about treason against the competing tradition of Gawain’s own role in Arthur’s betrayal, however, exposes a broader lesson about finding comfort in loyalty. Only by reading the lessons of the Gawain romances through the wider lens of those traditions surrounding the fall of Arthur’s kingdom can we gain a full appreciation of the medieval warnings against treason and betrayal included in these romances

Structure of the magnetoionic medium around the FR Class I radio galaxy 3C 449

The goal of this work is to constrain the strength and structure of the magnetic field associated with the environment of the radio source 3C 449, using observations of Faraday rotation, which we model with a structure function technique and by comparison with numerical simulations. We assume that the magnetic field is a Gaussian, isotropic random variable and that it is embedded in the hot intra-group plasma surrounding the radio source. For this purpose, we present detailed rotation measure images for the polarized radio source 3C 449, previously observed with the Very Large Array at seven frequencies between 1.365 and 8.385 GHz. We quantify the statistics of the magnetic-field fluctuations by deriving rotation measure structure functions, which we fit using models derived from theoretical power spectra. We quantify the errors due to sampling by making multiple two-dimensional realizations of the best-fitting power spectrum.We also use depolarization measurements to estimate the minimum scale of the field variations. We then make three-dimensional models with a gas density distribution derived from X-ray observations and a random magnetic field with this power spectrum. Under these assumptions we find that both rotation measure and depolarization data are consistent with a broken power-law magnetic-field power spectrum, with a break at about 11 kpc and slopes of 2.98 and 2.07 at smaller and larger scales respectively. The maximum and minimum scales of the fluctuations are around 65 and 0.2 kpc, respectively. The average magnetic field strength at the cluster centre is 3.5 +/-1.2 micro-G, decreasing linearly with the gas density within about 16 kpc of the nucleus.Comment: 19 pages; 14 figures; accepted for publication on A&A. For a high quality version use ftp://ftp.eso.org/pub/general/guidetti

Multifrequency VLA observations of the FR I radio galaxy 3C 31: morphology, spectrum and magnetic field

We present high-quality VLA images of the FR I radio galaxy 3C 31 in the frequency range 1365 to 8440 MHz with angular resolutions from 0.25 to 40 arcsec. Our new images reveal complex, well resolved filamentary substructure in the radio jets and tails. We also use these images to explore the spectral structure of 3C 31 on large and small scales. We infer the apparent magnetic field structure by correcting for Faraday rotation. Some of the intensity substructure in the jets is clearly related to structure in their apparent magnetic field: there are arcs of emission where the degree of linear polarization increases, with the apparent magnetic field parallel to the ridges of the arcs. The spectral indices are significantly steeper (0.62) within 7 arcsec of the nucleus than between 7 and 50 arcsec (0.52 - 0.57). The spectra of the jet edges are also slightly flatter than the average for their surroundings. At larger distances, the jets are clearly delimited from surrounding larger-scale emission both by their flatter radio spectra and by sharp brightness gradients. The spectral index of 0.62 in the first 7 arcsec of 3C 31's jets is very close to that found in other FR I galaxies where their jets first brighten in the radio and where X-ray synchrotron emission is most prominent. Farther from the nucleus, where the spectra flatten, X-ray emission is fainter relative to the radio. The brightest X-ray emission from FR I jets is therefore not associated with the flattest radio spectra, but with a particle-acceleration process whose characteristic energy index is 2.24. The spectral flattening with distance from the nucleus occurs where our relativistic jet models require deceleration, and the flatter-spectra at the jet edges may be associated with transverse velocity shear. (Slightly abridged)Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

Experimental Quantum Process Discrimination

Discrimination between unknown processes chosen from a finite set is experimentally shown to be possible even in the case of non-orthogonal processes. We demonstrate unambiguous deterministic quantum process discrimination (QPD) of non-orthogonal processes using properties of entanglement, additional known unitaries, or higher dimensional systems. Single qubit measurement and unitary processes and multipartite unitaries (where the unitary acts non-separably across two distant locations) acting on photons are discriminated with a confidence of $\geq97$ in all cases.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, comments welcome. Revised version includes multi-partite QP

Anger, Quality of Life and Mood in Multiple Sclerosis

This research was funded by The Multiple Sclerosis Society (UK).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Sites of Scottish heritage in translation : representing memory, history and culture for the French speaking visitor

Scotland boasts an extensive variety of castles, museums and other heritage sites which attract large numbers of domestic and international visitors each year. Such sites contribute significantly to the circulation of knowledge across linguistic and cultural borders and, in this context, interpretation (in the form of labels, wall panels, audio-guides, etc.) and interlingual translation play an essential role in ensuring that both domestic and international visitors can access and understand the past. This thesis is formed around a multiple case study carried out in six Scottish heritage sites. Focusing specifically on translations from English into French, the primary aim of this research project is to gain a better understanding of how translation choices can influence the experiences of French-speaking visitors and their overall perception of Scottish heritage. A secondary aim of the project is to get a better sense of the considerations which might drive or hinder translation provision for heritage bodies. This thesis thus explores heritage translation from three perspectives: (i) translation as a process, looking at the conditions under which translations are commissioned and produced; (ii) translation as a product, using Halliday’s model of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) to identify translation shifts between source and target texts; and (iii) translation reception to discern whether and how language provision and translation shifts might impact the experience of visitors and their representation of Scottish cultural and historical heritage. Together, these three strands make it possible to pinpoint areas where translation is already well-utilised and well received and those where it can be improved, thus allowing the formulation of recommendations for best practice.Scotland boasts an extensive variety of castles, museums and other heritage sites which attract large numbers of domestic and international visitors each year. Such sites contribute significantly to the circulation of knowledge across linguistic and cultural borders and, in this context, interpretation (in the form of labels, wall panels, audio-guides, etc.) and interlingual translation play an essential role in ensuring that both domestic and international visitors can access and understand the past. This thesis is formed around a multiple case study carried out in six Scottish heritage sites. Focusing specifically on translations from English into French, the primary aim of this research project is to gain a better understanding of how translation choices can influence the experiences of French-speaking visitors and their overall perception of Scottish heritage. A secondary aim of the project is to get a better sense of the considerations which might drive or hinder translation provision for heritage bodies. This thesis thus explores heritage translation from three perspectives: (i) translation as a process, looking at the conditions under which translations are commissioned and produced; (ii) translation as a product, using Halliday’s model of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) to identify translation shifts between source and target texts; and (iii) translation reception to discern whether and how language provision and translation shifts might impact the experience of visitors and their representation of Scottish cultural and historical heritage. Together, these three strands make it possible to pinpoint areas where translation is already well-utilised and well received and those where it can be improved, thus allowing the formulation of recommendations for best practice

Students’ views on fairness in education: the importance of relational justice and stakes fairness

This paper discusses a research project which sought to find out about young people’s views on fairness in education in English schools. Fairness is an everyday term, which in policy hides multiple and contradictory positions across the political divide. In education, we find a policy context that focuses on distributional justice and equality of opportunity but also on principles of freedom and choice. This paper argues that engaging with how young people understand fairness contributes to models of social justice in education. Focus group data and written statements on fairness from approximately 80 young people aged 16–18 from five very different English schools were analysed. Students’ primary concerns, absent from educational policy, were the themes of relational justice and stakes fairness, which are eclipsed by current recourse to distributive justice and meritocratic ideals. We argue that a focus on the lived experience of fairness is therefore necessary to widen the discourse about what is fair in education and to reinvigorate public debate about the values on which our education system is based