E-BANKING: THE SITUATION IN ALBANIA

Many businesses accept various forms of electronic payments for their products and services. Financial institutions play an important role in electronic payment systems, creating and distributing a variety of electronic payment instruments, accepting a similar variety of instruments, processing these payments, and taking part in cleaning systems. However, increasingly, financial institutions are competing with third parties to provide support services for payment systems e-commerce. In electronic payment mechanisms that financial institutions offer e- commerce are the automated clearing houses (ACH ) debit and credit of the Internet, electronic bill payments, electronic checks, money - mail, electronic payments and credit card. I decided to choose E-banking as the topic of my paper for the importance that is taking lately banking system in the world and in our country. Banking has never been so important to our society, as it is in today. Progress in the field of communication technology and computer wide spread of internet has made it possible to conduct more transactions from our homes or offices without having to go to the banking institution to achieve these services, seen as a revolutionary progress in the banking industry. E-banking includes those processes which allow the customer to perform banking transactions electronically without having his physical presence in the banking institution. The purpose of this paper will be that of describing the phenomenon " E-banking " and the identification of key issues specifications and brought its use inside and outside the country. The objectives of this study will be: to give a precise definition of the phenomenon of " E-Banking " and how it has evolved to today, the description of key species which appears E-Banking, and descriptions of the main advantages and disadvantages for each of them, to conduct a study on some of the country's leading banks on the use of e-banking in our country and prospects for the future. Also a main focus is the industry "online- banking" in the future. Which are the risks posed by cybercrime users, and how to protect against them. The research is based in conducting a search to show the impact of the Internet in the improvement of the quality of services in the banking industry, and finally in this paper the purpose is to make a comparison between a traditional bank and a bank that uses the internet. Also this paper will aim to show how the Internet has affected the quality of services. The show has had positive effects on improving the client-service and also has faced risks in the banking system when the client applies e-banking. At the end of the study will draw some conclusions and recommendations regarding this issue

The impact of the financial crises in the management of the corporates

Financial crises are very damaging and costly. They can spread easily from one country to another. The most apparent example was the crisis of 2008, which took global dimensions. The entire world was affected by the crisis and many countries are still suffering the consequences, such as: economic decline, failure of banks or financial institutions, price fluctuations, etc. The main factors that cause shocks in the financial sector can be grouped as follows: inappropriate macroeconomic policies, the weakness of the financial system, global financial conditions, the difference of exchange rates and political instability. These factors, create the conditions for the crisis to occur, and precisely these factors will be the theme element of our study. This study, which analyzes the elements that changed corporate governance after the crisis of 2008, will also focus on the impact that these structural changes had in the level of job satisfaction of employees, given the extent of the layer, that represent people who have suffered the most severe economic shock of this crisis. The collected data of the employees of a company in Albania was analyzed through the T-test, which aims to compare how elements of job satisfaction vary from one period to another, and how statistically the differences are significant. The salary and the level of commitment were associated with the level of satisfaction of the employees during the economic crisis of 2008, and then compared with the period after, through the Chi- square test, to verify the presence of a correlation between them

Youth Development in Albania

Young generations are those who make lives livelier and happier, who design the future and make the change, the ones with full hope and enthusiasm to go further and make the impossible possible. As every country of Europe, Asia or America, Albania as well is surrounded by a very fruitful young ladies and gentlemen’s. This paper aims to analyse the changes of the youth development in Albania during the transition period. The young development in Albania has faced many problems, such asthe difference between the levels of development of the youths that live in the other cities of Albania with the ones of the capital. Rural areas and small towns are closed where a portion of youth in minor are totally dependent from family, and they are exactly that with their weak hands are inclined to do the heavy work to keep their family one more day alive. Youth at the opening of the borders, generally tended to leave towards legal immigration either as tourist or in illegal opportunities addressing major countries like Britain, Greece, Italy, Belgium etc.Albania needs to make arrangements which will be financed by businessmen, private universities in cooperation with the state to offer young people opportunities to work together and to be closer to each other and to show their skills in conversation competitions. At the same time the state has other open universities in backward areas which will provide young entrepreneurs’ with more opportunities for young people to graduate and to serve different areas. Meanwhile, there is needed a strategy to separate the fields in which there is a need to have more expert in the field which is required to work also which would come more to help the country\u27s economy with the addition of experts. Albania is a country blessed where high mountains finish in seas, where groundwater resources are numerous, and with a conductive climate to produce almost all kinds of fruits and where vegetation is very diverse. If the youth will be directed towards learning of foreign languages and in recognition of their territories, traditions and customs, thus, we would make a big step because tourism market is precisely the kind of market where young people will find themselves more comfortable than ever, where the labour force will be insufficient paid and where the demand for products would be required as the number of tourists would be great and just the requirements would change in terms of application areas during the summer as it would be for beaches and seasonal fruits, while during the winter for skiing and mountain tourism

The Performance of Mortgage Loans in Albania in Recent Years, Elements of the Process of Mortgage Lending in the Banking System and its Risks

Buying a home is one of the most important decisions and sometimes the biggest financial transaction that can be done in life. Mortgage lending is the primary mechanism used in many countries to finance private ownership of residential and commercial property. That in itself is a big deal since the interest that you pay is going to be a percentage of the amount that you borrow, so it is important to make sure that you are getting the best deal possible, since you are going to have it for a long time. At the same time as Richardson cited it’s important that mortgage lenders have an incentive to internalize the deadweight costs associated with defaults and foreclosures. The development and expansion of the Albanian banking market in the recent years has created significant conditions to make a rational choice with the additions of new products and programs. This research will discuss the main steps of the procedure for obtaining a mortgage loan, the advantages and disadvantages of mortgages, the documentation required for obtaining mortgage loans, the credit risks and generally the performance of mortgage lending in Albania in the last 10 years, the prospect of mortgage loans and other main issues based on the appropriate literature review and secondary sources. Also as part of the topic is included a statistical study which analyzes the relationship between the performance of mortgage loans in Albania and other macroeconomic indicators as employment, inflation and the interest rate. The data was accessed from the official database system of INSTAT in the last 7 years and the elaborated results showed an explanation of the econometric model created. The conclusions provided in this case signified a strong relationship between the factors, indicating that the increase of the employment rate and of the deposit interest rate, as the decrease of the interest rate for loans and of the general level of prices are major factors that constrain the mortgage loans in Albania