Effects of Disability, Gender, and Level of Supervision on Ratings of Job Applicants

Using ratings of hypothetical job applicants with and without a disability obtained from both fulltime workers (n = 88) and undergraduates (n = 98), we examined the effects of disability (paraplegia, epilepsy, clinical depression, or non-disabled), gender, and nature of the job (supervisory or non-supervisory) on five job-relevant dependent measures. Contrary to our hypothesis, applicants with a disability were rated significantly higher in activity and potency than applicants without a disability. Further, also contrary to our predictions, gender and job type did not moderate the relationship between disability and applicant ratings. Post-hoc analyses revealed a significant gender by job type interaction; female applicants were viewed as more qualified than male applicants for the non-supervisory position, but the male applicants were viewed as more qualified than female applicants for the supervisory position. We use the flexible correction model (Wegener & Petty, 1997) to explicate the findings. Limitations and implications for future research on attitudes toward individuals with disabilities are discussed

Inquiry-Based Learning and Growth Mindset In Third Grade Mathematics

The research question investigated in this project was: How can inquiry-based learning in Elementary mathematics help create a growth mindset? The negative experiences with learning and teaching mathematics led her to research teaching strategies to help students and teachers have a growth mindset in the math classroom. The research showed how inquiry-based learning can be successful in math classrooms, and have an impact on student’s math mindsets. It also showed that teachers have an impact on students\u27 growth versus fixed mindsets, therefore it is important to teach in ways that help students have a positive relationship with math. The author created a three week introductory multiplication curriculum for third grade students. The topics included are: growth versus fixed mindset, introduction to inquiry-based learning, strategies to help students multiply, and reflection questions for a math journal. Understanding by Design was used to create the curriculum. The goal of this curriculum is for students to develop a growth math mindset, while gaining a conceptual understanding of multiplication

Reigniting your Relationship with Social Media: Policies, Plans, and Peccadilloes

Creation of a social media plan and integration of social media account maintenance into the library’s workflow are crucial to an organization’s successful use of social media to connect with their community. This session will examine some of the major pitfalls in how libraries conceptualize their social media presence, and offer solutions to these problems. We will provide you with design-plan strategies for creating a solid foundation, which will not only revitalize your use of current platforms, but also leave you with tools for evaluation and incorporation of future social media outlets

Economic benefit of tuberculosis control

Tuberculosis is the most important infectious cause of adult deaths after HIV/AIDS in low- and middle-income countries. This paper evaluates the economic benefits of extending the World Health Organization's DOTS Strategy (a multi-component approach that includes directly observed treatment, short course chemotherapy and several other components) as proposed in the Global Plan to Stop TB, 2006-2015. The authors use a model-based approach that combines epidemiological projections of averted mortality and economic benefits measured using value of statistical life for the Sub-Saharan Africa region and the 22 high-burden, tuberculosis-endemic countries in the world. The analysis finds that the economic benefits between 2006 and 2015 of sustaining DOTS at current levels relative to having no DOTS coverage are significantly greater than the costs in the 22 high-burden, tuberculosis-endemic countries and the Africa region. The marginal benefits of implementing the Global Plan to Stop TB relative to a no-DOTS scenario exceed the marginal costs by a factor of 15 in the 22 high-burden endemic countries, a factor of 9 (95% CI, 8-9) in the Africa region, and a factor of 9 (95% CI, 9-10) in the nine high-burden African countries. Uncertainty analysis shows that benefit-cost ratios of the Global Plan strategy relative to sustained DOTS were unambiguously greater than one in all nine high-burden countries in Africa and in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Russia. Although HIV curtails the effect of the tuberculosis programs by lowering the life expectancy of those receiving treatment, the benefits of the Global Plan are greatest in African countries with high levels of HIV.Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Disease Control&Prevention,Population Policies,Health Systems Development&Reform,Poverty and Health

Planning Library Promotions: An Idea Workshop

Planning library promotions: An idea workshop Anyone who works with social media or marketing events and programs for their library knows that it can be hard to keep the creative juices flowing. During the course of this workshop we will: Engage in creativity boosting exercises and activities Brainstorm ideas, activities, and resources Discuss the importance of planning cross-channel promotions Learn how to spot opportunities to promote the work of other organizations and promotions from other organizations that can be shared Learn from each other’s experiences of the difficulties and triumphs of working with social media Whether you are running the one-person social media show or working with a team, this workshop will give you the tools you need to design unique and eye-catching promotions without breaking the bank or spending hours on one post

Work time, work interference with family, and psychological distress.

Despite public concern about time pressures experienced by working parents, few scholars have explicitly examined the effects of work time on work–family conflict. The authors developed and tested a model of the predictors of work time and the relationships between time, work interference with family (WIF), and psychological distress. Survey data came from 513 employees in a Fortune 500 company. As predicted, several work and family characteristics were significantly related to work time. In addition, work time was significantly, positively related to WIF, which in turn was significantly, negatively related to distress. The results suggest that work time fully or partially mediates the effects of many work and family characteristics on WIF. For decades, American workers have appeared content with the length of their work weeks. Since World War II, labor unions in the United States have overwhelmingly chosen to fight for higher wages rather than less work time (Schor, 1991). In the last few years, however, there are growing signs that many Americans are once again yearning for shorter work hours. Articles in the popular media chronicle the difficulties faced by employees who wor

Interactive distance learning in post-doctoral orthodontic education

A series of research projects at the University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill (UNC) have been dedicated to determining the best way to provide distance education to graduate orthodontic programs. Data from early studies by Bednar and Miller et al, determined the most effective and acceptable method for distance learning in post-graduate orthodontic programs was a "blended" experience. This blended approach combines self-preparation through reading assigned articles, watching a recording of an actual interactive seminar on a designated website, and follow up discussion with faculty (either live or distant). In 2008, a grant from the American Association of Orthodontists made it possible to open this experience to all 63 programs in the United States. This master's thesis consists of two papers: Paper I evaluates the utilization and acceptability of interactive distance learning for orthodontic residents; Paper II investigates problems with interactive distance learning in post-doctoral education and identifies potential solutions

Inhibition and changes in antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria cultured aerobically and anaerobically in four different medicinal honeys

The growing prevalence of bacterial antibiotic resistance has led to a rediscovery of the antimicrobial properties of honey. This study investigated the antibacterial activity in aerobic and anaerobic conditions, the effect on bacterial antibiotic sensitivity, and the composition of four medical-grade honeys Medihoney®, Comvita® Antibacterial Wound Gel™, Revamil® gel, and Surgihoney™RO®.A broth assay was used to assess the antibacterial activity of the honeys against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. A disk diffusion test was used to investigate the effect of exposure to a subinhibitory concentration of the honeys to the sensitivity of bacteria to a range of antibiotics. The composition of each honey was characterised by measuring: sugar content, pH, hydrogen peroxide activity, total polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity.The honeys differed widely in antibacterial activity. Medihoney® was the most effective reducing the growth of both bacteria to < 1 compared to 9 log10 cfu/mL in the growth controls at all tested concentrations. Revamil® gel was the least active of the honeys only having a negligible effect on bacterial growth at the 25% honey concentration. All honeys were equally or more active in anaerobic conditions than in aerobic conditions. The polyphenolic content may influence the activity of honey. Various honey-antibiotic combinations were identified that enhanced antibiotic sensitivity in bacteria. More research is needed to clarify the role of polyphenols in honey activity and further explore the potential synergies between the honeys and antibiotics.1pubpub

Dynamic Delegation: Shared, Hierarchical, and Deindividualized Leadership in Extreme Action Teams

This paper examines the leadership of extreme action teams—teams whose highly skilled members cooperate to perform urgent, unpredictable, interdependent, and highly consequential tasks while simultaneously coping with frequent changes in team composition and training their teams\u27 novice members. Our qualitative investigation of the leadership of extreme action medical teams in an emergency trauma center revealed a hierarchical, deindividualized system of shared leadership. At the heart of this system is dynamic delegation: senior leaders\u27 rapid and repeated delegation of the active leadership role to and withdrawal of the active leadership role from more junior leaders of the team. Our findings suggest that dynamic delegation enhances extreme action teams\u27 ability to perform reliably while also building their novice team members\u27 skills. We highlight the contingencies that guide senior leaders\u27 delegation and withdrawal of the active leadership role, as well as the values and structures that motivate and enable the shared, ongoing practice of dynamic delegation. Further, we suggest that extreme action teams and other “improvisational” organizational units may achieve swift coordination and reliable performance by melding hierarchical and bureaucratic role-based structures with flexibility-enhancing processes. The insights emerging from our findings at once extend and challenge prior leadership theory and research, paving the way for further theory development and research on team leadership in dynamic settings