Making use of CO2 Capture for Saving Earth and Human - A Comparison of “Carbon Capture and Storage--CCS ”and“ Sarbon Capture and Storage Energy--CCSE”

Two technical routes of Carbon Capture and Storage- CCS with Carbon Capture and Storage Energy- CCSE or Smoke Storage Energy-SSE have compared The results show that there are many problems in CCS such as high cost limited application and the application research has not done as yet limited storage zone and safety hazard Therefore author considers that CCS is not a feasible technical route On CCSE or SSE It shows that there are many advantages For example The CO2 considered waste becomes the main raw material for gas production Theoretical calculation shows that energy stored is 3 52 times that of energy consumption unlimlted storage place no safety risks protect the environment conservation of resource

Phosphorylation of NF-κB in Cancer

The proinflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) has emerged as a central player in inflammatory responses and tumor development since its discovery three decades ago. In general, aberrant NF-κB activity plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and acquired resistance to chemotherapy. This aberrant NF-κB activity frequently involves several post-translational modifications of NF-κB, including phosphorylation. In this chapter, we will specifically cover the phosphorylation sites reported on the p65 subunit of NF-κB and their relationship to cancer. Importantly, phosphorylation is catalyzed by different kinases using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as the phosphorus donor. These kinases are frequently hyperactive in cancers and thus may serve as potential therapeutic targets to treat different cancers

Sequential Condition Evolved Interaction Knowledge Graph for Traditional Chinese Medicine Recommendation

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a rich history of utilizing natural herbs to treat a diversity of illnesses. In practice, TCM diagnosis and treatment are highly personalized and organically holistic, requiring comprehensive consideration of the patient's state and symptoms over time. However, existing TCM recommendation approaches overlook the changes in patient status and only explore potential patterns between symptoms and prescriptions. In this paper, we propose a novel Sequential Condition Evolved Interaction Knowledge Graph (SCEIKG), a framework that treats the model as a sequential prescription-making problem by considering the dynamics of the patient's condition across multiple visits. In addition, we incorporate an interaction knowledge graph to enhance the accuracy of recommendations by considering the interactions between different herbs and the patient's condition. Experimental results on a real-world dataset demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing TCM recommendation methods, achieving state-of-the-art performance

Vehicle emission and atmospheric pollution in China: problems, progress, and prospects

China has been the largest vehicle market in the world since 2009. The stalemate between the rapid development of the vehicle industry and delayed vehicle emission control has become increasingly prominent. Vehicle emission has become a significant source of air pollution in China’s cities. Understanding the current barriers in the vehicle industry is necessary for the development of effective and sustainable measures and policy to manage vehicle-induced air pollution. This review provides insight into the circumstances and causes of vehicle-induced air pollution and outlines recent progress in policy-makers’ long-term strategies and regulations. The development of an integrated mechanism of social participation, technical revolution, and regulatory innovation in vehicles, fuel, and roads is suggested to break the stalemate between air pollution and the automobile boom in China; the implications of this review extend to other countries facing the similar atmospheric pollution problems

Effect of bioaugmentation on gas production and microbial community during anaerobic digestion in a low-temperature fixed-bed reactor

Low temperature is one of the limiting factors for anaerobic digestion in cold regions. To improve the efficiency of anaerobic digestion for methane production in stationary reactors under low-temperature conditions, and to improve the structure of the microbial community for anaerobic digestion at low temperatures. We investigated the effects of different concentrations of exogenous Methanomicrobium (10, 20, 30%) and different volumes of carbon fiber carriers (0, 10, 20%) on gas production and microbial communities to improve the performance of low-temperature anaerobic digestion systems. The results show that the addition of 30% exogenous microorganisms and a 10% volume of carbon fiber carrier led to the highest daily (128.15 mL/g VS) and cumulative (576.62 mL/g VS) methane production. This treatment effectively reduced the concentrations of COD and organic acid, in addition to stabilizing the pH of the system. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the dominant bacteria under these conditions were Acidobacteria and Firmicutes and the dominant archaea were Candidatus_Udaeobacter and Methanobacterium. While the abundance of microorganisms that metabolize organic acids was reduced, the functional abundance of hydrogenophilic methanogenic microorganisms was increased. Therefore, the synergistic effect of Methanomicrobium bioaugmentation with carbon fiber carriers can significantly improve the performance and efficiency of low-temperature anaerobic fermentation systems

Quantitative evaluation of the time-course and efficacy of targeted agents for ulcerative colitis

BackgroundTargeted agents are widely utilized in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Hence, a comprehensive understanding of comparative drug efficacy in UC is of great importance for drug development and clinical practice. Our objective was the quantitative evaluation of the comparative efficacy of targeted agents for UC.MethodsThree mathematical models were developed based on data from randomized controlled trials in patients with moderate-to-severe UC to describe the time-course and dose-response of efficacy defined as clinical remission, clinical response, and endoscopic improvement, as well as the placebo effect. The covariate effects were further evaluated. Model simulation was performed in a hypothetical population to compare the efficacies across different drugs.ResultsThe analysis dataset was composed of data from 35 trials of 12 drugs in UC. Time–response relationships were evaluated that indicated a gradual onset of drug efficacy in adalimumab, ozanimod, and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. The dose-response relationships were estimated for each drug respectively. Patient age, disease duration, baseline weight, prior tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor exposure, and current treatment with corticosteroid showed an impact on efficacy, suggesting that younger patients with shorter UC duration without prior anti-TNF treatment and current corticosteroids therapy tend to display greater treatment effects.ConclusionThis study developed three longitudinal models for UC to quantitatively describe the efficacy of targeted agents, as well as the influencing factors of efficacy. Infliximab and upadacitinib were determined to be the most effective biological and small targeted molecules, respectively. These findings may provide valuable implications for guiding future decision-making in clinical practice and drug development for UC

Impact of epicardial adipose tissue volume on hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease in Chinese patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease

BackgroundEpicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is directly related to coronary artery disease (CAD), but little is known about its role in hemodynamically significant CAD. Therefore, our goal is to explore the impact of EAT volume on hemodynamically significant CAD.MethodsPatients who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and received coronary angiography within 30 days were retrospectively included. Measurements of EAT volume and coronary artery calcium score (CACs) were performed on a semi-automatic software based on CCTA images, while quantitative flow ratio (QFR) was automatically calculated by the AngioPlus system according to coronary angiographic images.ResultsThis study included 277 patients, 112 of whom had hemodynamically significant CAD and showed higher EAT volume. In multivariate analysis, EAT volume was independently and positively correlated with hemodynamically significant CAD [per standard deviation (SD) cm3; odds ratio (OR), 2.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.86–4.15; P < 0.001], but negatively associated with QFRmin (per SD cm3; β coefficient, −0.068; 95% CI, −0.109 to −0.027; P = 0.001) after adjustment for traditional risk factors and CACs. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis demonstrated a significant improvement in predictive value for hemodynamically significant CAD with the addition of EAT volume to obstructive CAD alone (area under the curve, 0.950 vs. 0.891; P < 0.001).ConclusionIn this study, we found that EAT volume correlated substantially and positively with the existence and severity of hemodynamically significant CAD in Chinese patients with known or suspected CAD, which was independent of traditional risk factors and CACs. In combination with obstructive CAD, EAT volume significantly improved diagnostic performance for hemodynamically significant CAD, suggesting that EAT could be a reliable noninvasive indicator of hemodynamically significant CAD

Learning implementation of a guideline based decision support system to improve hypertension treatment in primary care in China: pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a clinical decision support system (CDSS) in improving the use of guideline accordant antihypertensive treatment in primary care settings in China. Design: Pragmatic, open label, cluster randomised trial. Setting: 94 primary care practices in four urban regions of China between August 2019 and July 2022: Luoyang (central China), Jining (east China), and Shenzhen (south China, including two regions). Participants: 94 practices were randomised (46 to CDSS, 48 to usual care). 12 137 participants with hypertension who used up to two classes of antihypertensives and had a systolic blood pressure <180 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure <110 mm Hg were included. Interventions: Primary care practices were randomised to use an electronic health record based CDSS, which recommended a specific guideline accordant regimen for initiation, titration, or switching of antihypertensive (the intervention), or to use the same electronic health record without CDSS and provide treatment as usual (control). Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the proportion of hypertension related visits during which an appropriate (guideline accordant) treatment was provided. Secondary outcomes were the average reduction in systolic blood pressure and proportion of participants with controlled blood pressure (<140/90 mm Hg) at the last scheduled follow-up. Safety outcomes were patient reported antihypertensive treatment related events, including syncope, injurious fall, symptomatic hypotension or systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg, and bradycardia. Results: 5755 participants with 23 113 visits in the intervention group and 6382 participants with 27 868 visits in the control group were included. Mean age was 61 (standard deviation 13) years and 42.5% were women. During a median 11.6 months of follow-up, the proportion of visits at which appropriate treatment was given was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (77.8% (17 975/23 113) v 62.2% (17 328/27 868); absolute difference 15.2 percentage points (95% confidence interval (CI) 10.7 to 19.8); P<0.001; odds ratio 2.17 (95% CI 1.75 to 2.69); P<0.001). Compared with participants in the control group, those in the intervention group had a 1.6 mm Hg (95% CI −2.7 to −0.5) greater reduction in systolic blood pressure (−1.5 mm Hg v 0.3 mm Hg; P=0.006) and a 4.4 percentage point (95% CI −0.7 to 9.5) improvement in blood pressure control rate (69.0% (3415/4952) v 64.6% (3778/5845); P=0.07). Patient reported antihypertensive treatment related adverse effects were rare in both groups. Conclusions: Use of a CDSS in primary care in China improved the provision of guideline accordant antihypertensive treatment and led to a modest reduction in blood pressure. The CDSS offers a promising approach to delivering better care for hypertension, both safely and efficiently. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03636334