Management de la qualité dans la filière ananas en Martinique

National audienceThe pineapple industry in Martinique is implementing a significant reorganization, as already achieved in other food sectors, to comply with new requirements for food security and environmental protection: quality management at all levels of the industry and introduction of new pineapple varieties. Based on the analysis of the current practices, needs for changes and tools for the implementation of a new production system are proposed by the authors. A typology of the farms is proposed after an analysis of the practices and the strategies of the farmers. A steering committee, including most stakeholder representatives, builds a system of quality management based on the Agriconfiance® norms. New pineapple varieties are evaluated both for processing and the fresh market. Results and discussion. Gaps between recommendations and actual practices are very variable but generally large: there are too many inputs, either pesticides or fertilizers or both. The system of management is based on a contract between the association and the producer. The rules are described in two codes of practice, one for fruit production in the fields, the other for fruit processing. A traceability system has been implemented, allowing records and forecasts at plot level. New pineapple varieties have also been tested in the processing plant of the association, with better results than the old variety Smooth Cayenne. The reorganization of the pineapple industry in Martinique results from economical considerations. Its implementation required the development of a global system for the quality management and a traceability system at plot level to ensure food security. Reducing the variability of agricultural practices and getting closer to the recommendations will increase the quality of the production. To do so, a guide book for good practices will be elaborated. The new pineapple varieties allowing better yield after processing and quality of product, fresh or processed, will also be determinant for a successful reorganization of the industry.À l'instar d'autres secteurs de produits destinés à l'alimentation humaine, une restructuration profonde de la filière ananas martiniquaise s'accomplit pour répondre à de nouvelles exigences de sécurité alimentaire et de protection de l'environnement : management de la qualité sur l'ensemble de la filière et exploitation de nouvelles variétés d'ananas. À partir de l'analyse des pratiques actuelles, les auteurs ont évalué les besoins de changements, puis proposé quelques outils pour la mise en oeuvre d'un système de production. Des enquêtes ont permis de connaître les pratiques et stratégies actuelles des producteurs d'ananas et d'établir une typologie des exploitations. Un comité de pilotage associant des représentants de l'ensemble de la filière élabore le système de management de la qualité en se basant sur la norme Agriconfiance®. De nouvelles variétés sont en cours d'évaluation pour couvrir au mieux les besoins en ananas de qualité pour la transformation ou pour la vente en frais. Résultats et discussion. Les écarts constatés entre recommandations et pratiques culturales sont apparus très variables mais souvent importants : trop d'intrants en général, soit les pesticides, soit les engrais, soit les deux. Le système de management appliqué repose sur un contrat entre une coopérative et les producteurs. Les règles de qualité sont fixées dans deux cahiers des charges, l'un concernant la qualité de la production au champ, l'autre, la qualité du fruit pour l'usine. Un système de traçabilité à l'échelle de la parcelle a été élaboré. Il permet la prévision et l'enregistrement de toute activité liée à la production, avec la parcelle comme unité de base. Enfin, de nouvelles variétés hybrides sélectionnées par le Cirad ont pu être testées dans le nouveau processus de transformation de la coopérative, donnant de meilleurs résultats que l'ancienne variété Cayenne lisse. La restructuration de la filière ananas en Martinique résulte avant tout de considérations économiques. Cette démarche a conduit au développement d'un programme global d'assurance qualité, avec instauration d'un système de traçabilité parcellaire, destiné à garantir la sécurité alimentaire. Une homogénéisation des pratiques culturales est nécessaire, en se rapprochant des recommandations pour améliorer la qualité. Elles pourraient être rassemblées dans un guide de culture spécifique. L'adoption de nouvelles variétés d'ananas permettant d'obtenir de meilleurs rendements de transformation ainsi qu'une qualité accrue du produit frais ou transformé sera aussi un élément déterminant du succès de la démarche

Musalogue: a catalogue of Musa germplasm: Papua New Guinea collecting missions 1988-89

This issue of Musalogue is intended to facilitate and encourage the utilisation of the germplasm collected in Papua New Guinea. The collecting of Papua New Guinea's unique diploid genepool, for preservation as well as for use in breeding programmes, was recommended during an international workshop on banana and plantain breeding strategies organised by ACIAR and INIBAP in 1986. Collecting missions took place in 1988 and 1989 and the collected germsplam was sent to QDPI for virus indexing and evaluation. During 1993-94, 242 of the accessions collected in Papua New Guinea were evaluated at the QDPI South Johnstone Research Station, within the INIBAP project ”Taxonomic Characterization of the Papua New Guinea Banana Germplasm Collection”. This first issue of Musalogue provides information on the accessions relating to their phenotypic characteristics, agronomic performance and reaction to yellow Sigatoka disease. Observations recorded at the collecting sites by the collectors are also included. Although a number of accessions have been classified using molecular markers by CIRAD, France, classifications are generally based on morphological characteristics and in all cases, should be considered tentative

The Musa Germplasm Information System enhances knowledge of banana diversity

Poster presented at 28th International Horticultural Congress. Lisboa, (Portugal), 22-27 Aug 201

The 2016 Global Strategy for the conservation and use of Musa genetic resources - key strategic elements

The Global Strategy for the Conservation and Use of Musa Genetic Resources (hereafter referred to as the 'Global Strategy') has been expanded in 2016 by Musa genetic resources and breeding experts within the framework of the Global Musa Genetic Resources Network, MusaNet. MusaNet's mandate is to oversee the further development and monitoring of the implementation of the Global Strategy. The updated Global Strategy aims to provide a clear framework and roadmap to be used by the Musa community for the efficient and effective conservation of the globally important collections of Musa and to strengthen the utilization of the genetic resources toward an increased use of available diversity. It includes recommendations and priorities indicated in several consultation processes following the 2006 Global Musa Strategy and particularly the expertise and key groups represented, including the Regional Research Networks (BAPNET, BARNESA, Innovate Plantain and MusaLAC) and global networks such as ProMusa. The Global Strategy covers numerous topics dealing with Musa genetic resources, with the 12 chapters divided into four main parts: Diversity, Identity, Management and Use. Each chapter contains the sections titled Where we are now, Where do we want to go and How will we get there. For Musa researchers, including taxonomists and breeders, but also end users such as farmers, decisions on the management of banana diversity are often made with limited information. With this in mind, the Global Strategy is a core reference on the taxonomy, characterization, evaluation and genetic improvement of cultivars, leading to actions such as the selection of new and improved cultivars. The use of a more diverse genepool can lead to higher production while at the same time promote ecosystem services such as resilience to pest and disease and the effects of climate change