28 research outputs found
On the lactic acid bacteria survived in milk and milk products.
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æãé(III)ç³é¯äœã調補ããããã«ã¯ïŒ(1)é/ç³æ¯ã1/10ã«ããŠ,(2)pH10以äžã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ¡ä»¶ã§,(3)é
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)ã«åå¿ãæåãã®ããããçæããé¯äœã¯,10åéã®ãšã¿ããŒã«ãæ·»å ããŠæ²æŸ±ãã,åŸææ³ã§åå¥åŸæžå§ä¹Ÿç¥ããŠä¿åããã
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žéãªã©ããäœãã£ãããã®çç±ã¯ïŒé(III)-ç³é¯äœãéåã,ããªãé«ååã®ããªããŒãšããŠååšããããã§ããããšèãããWith the aim of developing a new iron-fortifizer, methods for preparing iron-sugar complexes were investigated. The sugars examined were glucose, galactose, fructose, lactose, and sucrose. The most appropriate requirements for the experiment can be summarized as follows:
(1) Fresh Fe(OH)3 must be used.
(2) The complex formation reaction must be terminated before the alkaline oxidative products get.
(3) Fe/sugar ratio desired is 1/10.
(4) The complex formation reaction should be performed in high alkaline solution.
The complexes formed in reaction solution are precipitated by adding ten fold volume of ethanol and drying the precipitate in vacuo. The product contains surely iron (III) -sugar complex, but the complex is assumed to be polymerized on the basis of permeability through a cellophane tube
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äœåºã«ã€ããŠè¥å¹²ã®èå¯ãå ãããOnly a few investigations have been reported on the copper-sorbitol complex, and especially very little is known about the states of this complex in aqueous solutions. Accordingly, the formation of the complex has been investigated spectrophotometrically and potentiometrically with CuSO4-sorbitol systems. The copper-sorbitol complex was formed under strongly alkaline conditions above the critical point (pH 9.5ïœ10.6) and it was estimated to have a composition of 3:1 in the molar ratio of copper to sorbitol. Moreover, the complex was ascertained to exist in a state of polymers under pH conditions below the critical point. From the examination of the solubility of the complex, it was found that formation of the soluble copper-sorbitol complex or the insoluble one occurred under pH conditions above or below the critical point, respectively. The relationship between the solubility and the chemical structure of the complex was discussed in this paper, and a model has been proposed
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æ€èšããçµæ,bicarbonate buffer (pH9.5,ÎŒ=0.1)ãçšã,ã¯ããã«Sephadex G-15,ãã®V0ãã©ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«ã€ããŠG-50ã§ã²ã«æ¿Ÿéããããšã«ãã,Fe/ç³=1ã®çµææ¯ããã£ãé(III)ïŒä¹³ç³é¯äœãçŽç²ã«åŸãããšãã§ãããããããã®é¯äœã¯ã¢ãããŒã§ã¯ãªã,ååãµããå¹æããæšå®ããŠM.W.=5,000ïœ10,000ã®ããªããŒã§ãã£ãããã®ååéã¯,Fe(III)ïŒã¢ã³ã€ãªã³ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æº¶æ¶²äžã§åœ¢æããããªããŒã®ååéã«æ¯ã¹ãŠèããå°ããã
以äžã®å®éšçµæã«åºã¥ããŠååŠæ§é ãèå¯ããçµæ,SPIROãã®coating説ããšã£ãããããŠç³ãFe(III)ã«é
äœããããšã«ãã£ãŠFe(III)ïŒã¢ã³ã€ãªã³ã®éåãæå¶ãããšèã,Fe(III)ã®è
žç®¡åžå,ãšãã«åå茞éã«å¯Ÿããå¯äžãèå¯ãããPurification by the gel-filtrations with Sephadex G-15 and G-50 was performed on a Fe(III)-lactose complex preparation containing free sugars with their derivatives. The most desirable result was obtained with a bicarbonate buffer solution (pH 9.5, µ = 0.1) as the eluent. The purified Fe(III)-lactose complex was composed of Fe and sugar in the molar ratio of 1, and was a polymer of molecular weight 5,000ïœ10,000. The structure of the polymer was probably similar to that proposed by SPIRO et al. The molecular weight of the polymer is very small compared to the molecular weight (250,000) of the Fe(III)-hydroxopolymer formed in alkaline solutions. Accordingly, the addition of sugars in Fe(III) solutions brings about the considerable inhibition of the polymerization of Fe-hydroxo-ions and makes the passive transport of Fe through the intestinal wall possible
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(II)-ã°ãªã·ã³é¯äœã§ããããšã確èªãããA method for preparing a Cu(II)-Gly complex was presented on the basis of the examination of the complex formation. The preparation obtained was identified by paper electrophoresis as the expected Cu(II)-Gly complex being composed of Cu(II) and Gly in the molar ratio of 1:2
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žåã«è¯ã圱é¿ãäžãããšèãããThe Fe-sugar complexes prepared so far in this laboratory were found to be difficult in their intestinal absorptions. For the reason we considered the formation of high molecular weight Fe-polymers under the experimental conditions. Therefore, the inhibitory effects of glucose, fructose, sorbitol, and ascorbic acid (AsA) on the hydrolytic polymerization of Fe were examined in this work.
As the Fe-salt, FeCl3 was used in the concentrations of 1Ã10^-2ïŒ1Ã10^-4M. The amounts of Fe were determined by the o-phenanthroline method and the polymerization degree of Fe was obtained from the difference between the amounts of the total Fe and the ionic Fe in the sample solutions.
On the basis of the change in the absorption spectra of the FeCl3 solutions at various pH values, we concluded that the hydrolytic polymerization of Fe occurs rapidly even in acidic media, especially in aqueous media of above pH 4.5. The polymerization of Fe was markedly inhibited by AsA. Sorbitol also showed a considerable inhibition and its addition to the FeCl3 solution lowered the polymerization to about one-third. However, almost no effect was observed by the addition of glucose or fructose. When AsA was added to the FeCl3 solution, an Fe-AsA complex was formed. The paper electrophoretograms of the Fe-AsA complex, of which the molecular weight was rather small and presumed to be about 5,000, revealed that the charge of the complex was negative in alkaline or neutral media and was positive in acidic media. The electric charge of the complex is considered to be produced by formation of the surface complex of AsA on the surface of Fe atoms, which constitute generally a polynuclear Fe-hydroxo complex in aqueous media; AsA probably coordinates to the Fe atoms just like a cover that coats the polynuclear polymer. The changes of the dissociation of the coated AsA with pH values of the media produce the negative or the positive charges.
Some nutritional considerations of the intestinal absorption of Fe were given in connection with the inhibitory effect of AsA on the hydrolytic polymerization of Fe
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In neutral and alkaline solutions above pH 6, the imidazole and the a-NH2 groups of histidine coordinate to the Zn ion and form the Zn-histidine (1:2) complex. In acidic solutions, the a-COOH group also coordinates and forms the Zn-histidine (1:1) complex together with the above two groups. The complexes formed by the participation of the imidazole group of histidine are considered to be more stable than the Zn-glycine or -glycylglycine complex by reason of the difficulty in the precipitation of Zn(OH)2 during the titrations. This was also the case for the Zn-histidine-containing dipeptide complexes
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µçŽ ã®æ¹ã粟補ã容æã§ãã,ç·ååçãé«ãã®ã§æå©ã§ãããA strain of Erwinia carotovora was found to produce an exopectate lyase (exo-PAL) both in the culture fluid and in the cells. Each activity of the extracellular and intracellular exo-PALs fell into two fractions by cellulose ion exchanger chromatographies. They were named tentatively enzyme 1-A and 1-B, and 2-A and 2-B, for the former and the latter, respectively. As the amount of enzyme 1-A was very small, it was discarded. The yields of enzyme 1-B, 2-A, and 2-B were 21.6, 21.4, and 14.0 %, respectively; the purification degree of each enzyme was considerably high. These three exo-PALs resembled one another very closely in the following respects: (1) The optimum pH was about 9 in both Tris-HC1 and borate buffers. (2) Na+ was an effective activator; its optimum concentration was about 15 mM. Mn2+ and Co2+ stimulated weakly regardless of the presence or absence of Na+, but Ca2+ showed a weak stimulation only in the absence of Na+. (3) The exo-PALs were inhibited to varying extent by Cu2+, Hg2+, Sr2+, Mg2+, and Ba2+. (4) Addition of 1 mM EDTA led to a total loss of activity. From these results, we considered that both the extracellular and intracellular exo-PALs are probably identical. As enzyme source, the intracellular exo-PAL is superior to the extracellular exo-PAL because of the high recovery and ease of preparation of the former enzyme
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3) The increase of NPN of Sample II was smaller than that of Sample I.
4) The amount of calcium in the ultracentrifugal supernatant of Sample I decreased, while that in the ultracentrifugal supernatant of Sample II was kept almost constant
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