Unique Solutions to Hartree-Fock Equations for Closed Shell Atoms

In this paper we study the problem of uniqueness of solutions to the Hartree and Hartree-Fock equations of atoms. We show, for example, that the Hartree-Fock ground state of a closed shell atom is unique provided the atomic number $Z$ is sufficiently large compared to the number $N$ of electrons. More specifically, a two-electron atom with atomic number $Z\geq 35$ has a unique Hartree-Fock ground state given by two orbitals with opposite spins and identical spatial wave functions. This statement is wrong for some $Z>1$, which exhibits a phase segregation.Comment: 18 page

Boundaries of Semantic Distraction: Dominance and Lexicality Act at Retrieval

Three experiments investigated memory for semantic information with the goal of determining boundary conditions for the manifestation of semantic auditory distraction. Irrelevant speech disrupted the free recall of semantic category-exemplars to an equal degree regardless of whether the speech coincided with presentation or test phases of the task (Experiment 1) and occurred regardless of whether it comprised random words or coherent sentences (Experiment 2). The effects of background speech were greater when the irrelevant speech was semantically related to the to-be-remembered material, but only when the irrelevant words were high in output dominance (Experiment 3). The implications of these findings in relation to the processing of task material and the processing of background speech is discussed

A parallel cellular automata Lattice Boltzmann Method for convection-driven solidification

This article presents a novel coupling of numerical techniques that enable three-dimensional convection-driven microstructure simulations to be con- ducted on practical time scales appropriate for small-size components or experiments. On the microstructure side, the cellular automata method is efficient for relatively large-scale simulations, while the lattice Boltzmann method provides one of the fastest transient computational fluid dynamics solvers. Both of these methods have been parallelized and coupled in a single code, allowing resolution of large-scale convection-driven solidification problems. The numerical model is validated against benchmark cases, extended to capture solute plumes in directional solidification and finally used to model alloy solidification of an entire differentially heated cavity capturing both microstructural and meso-/macroscale phenomena

A Range of Earth Observation Techniques for Assessing Plant Diversity

AbstractVegetation diversity and health is multidimensional and only partially understood due to its complexity. So far there is no single monitoring approach that can sufficiently assess and predict vegetation health and resilience. To gain a better understanding of the different remote sensing (RS) approaches that are available, this chapter reviews the range of Earth observation (EO) platforms, sensors, and techniques for assessing vegetation diversity. Platforms include close-range EO platforms, spectral laboratories, plant phenomics facilities, ecotrons, wireless sensor networks (WSNs), towers, air- and spaceborne EO platforms, and unmanned aerial systems (UAS). Sensors include spectrometers, optical imaging systems, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), and radar. Applications and approaches to vegetation diversity modeling and mapping with air- and spaceborne EO data are also presented. The chapter concludes with recommendations for the future direction of monitoring vegetation diversity using RS

Is There Semantic Interference in Delayed Naming?

Item does not contain fulltextThe semantic interference effect in the picture-word interference task is interpreted as an index of lexical competition in prominent speech production models. Janssen, Schirm, Mahon, and Caramazza (2008) challenged this interpretation on the basis of experiments with a novel version of this task, which introduced a task-switching component. Participants either named the picture or read the word, depending on the word's color. Janssen et al. reported semantic interference in picture naming, regardless of whether the word appeared simultaneously with the picture (immediate naming) or 1,000 ms after the picture (delayed naming). Because picture name retrieval is completed in less than 1,000 ms, the finding in delayed naming was taken as evidence against the lexical competition account. In 3 sets of experiments conducted in German and English, we tested for semantic effects in Janssen et al.'s task-switching version and in the standard picture-word interference task. Using identical materials, we obtained sizeable interference effects in the standard task (Experiments 2, 4, and 6) but no effects in the task-switching version (Experiments 1, 3, and 5). When the word reading trials of the task-switching version were replaced with no-go trials (Experiment 7), semantic interference reemerged in immediate naming but was still absent in delayed naming. The experiments question the reliability of Janssen et al.'s critical finding and suggest that theoretical inferences about the origin of semantic effects in the standard picture-word interference task based on results from the task-switching version used by Janssen et al. are difficult to draw.17 p

Cochlea-Implantation als Therapieoption bei einseitiger Taubheit und Schwindel infolge eines M. Menière

Einleitung: M. Meniere führt häufig im langjährigen Verlauf zu einer Schwerhörigkeit der betroffenen Seite. Die initial meist starken Drehschwindelanfälle nehmen im zeitlichen Verlauf in der Intensität dagegen eher ab, persistieren aber in der Regel. Diese führen zusammen mit der hochgradigen Schwerhörigkeit zu einem hohen Leidensdruck der Patienten. Da sich das CI in den letzten Jahren als sehr erfolgreiche Rehabilitationsoption bei einseitig tauben Patienten etabliert hat, ist diese Indikationserweiterung bei Patienten mit M. Meniere zu evaluieren.Methode: Im Rahmen einer retrospektiven Analyse wurden 5 Patienten (2 SSD, 3 AHL) betrachtet, die zwischen 2009 und 2014 mit einem CI nach Ertaubung bei M. Meniere versorgt wurden. Umfangreiche audiologische Testungen wurden im Rahmen der CI-Voruntersuchung und nach 6 bzw. 12 Monaten durchgeführt. Eine subjektive Evaluation wurde mittels SSQ-Fragebogen realisiert.Ergebnisse: Bei allen 5 Patienten konnte eine erfolgreiche Implantation durchgeführt werden. Sowohl objektiv als auch subjektiv sind die Ergebnisse der Testungen mit denen anderer SSD bzw. AHL-CI-versorgter Patienten bei anderen Grunderkrankungen vergleichbar. Bei 2 von 5 Patienten kam es postoperativ zu Schwindel, der mit Cortisoninfusionen gut therapiert werden konnte. Schlussfolgerung: Der binaurale Hörgewinn mittels CI wird durch die Ergebnisse bestätigt. Wenn bei hochgradiger Schwerhörigkeit auf Grund eines M. Meniere durch konventionelle Versorgung kein ausreichender Benefit mehr erreicht werden kann, sollte das CI in diesem Zusammenhang bei hochgradiger Schwerhörigkeit und häufigen Schwindelattacken als therapeutische Option evaluiert werden.Der Erstautor gibt keinen Interessenkonflikt an

Cochlea-Implantation als Therapieoption bei einseitiger Taubheit und Schwindel infolge eines M. Menière

Gresham's Half Lady Illusion Show artwork photographed 1974