4,610 research outputs found
Operando Spectroscopic Studies of CuâSSZ-13 for NH3âSCR deNOx Investigates the Role of NH3 in Observed Cu(II) Reduction at High NO Conversions
The small pore zeolite chabazite (SSZ-13) in the copper exchanged form is a very efficient material for the selective catalytic reduction by ammonia (NH 3 ) of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the exhaust of lean burn engines, typically diesel powered vehicles. The full mechanism occurring during the NH 3 âSCR process is currently debated with outstanding questions including the nature and role of the catalytically active sites. Time-resolved operando spectroscopic techniques have been used to provide new level of insights in to the mechanism of NH 3 âSCR, to show that the origin of stable Cu(I) species under SCR conditions is potentially caused by an interaction between NH 3 and the Cu cations located in eight ring sites of the bulk of the zeolite and is independent of the NH 3 âSCR of NOx occurring at Cu six ring sites within the zeolite
Genetic origins of social networks in rhesus macaques
This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.Sociality is believed to have evolved as a strategy for animals to cope with their environments. Yet the genetic basis of sociality remains unclear. Here we provide evidence that social network tendencies are heritable in a gregarious primate. The tendency for rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta, to be tied affiliatively to others via connections mediated by their social partners - analogous to friends of friends in people - demonstrated additive genetic variance. Affiliative tendencies were predicted by genetic variation at two loci involved in serotonergic signalling, although this result did not withstand correction for multiple tests. Aggressive tendencies were also heritable and were related to reproductive output, a fitness proxy. Our findings suggest that, like humans, the skills and temperaments that shape the formation of multi-agent relationships have a genetic basis in nonhuman primates, and, as such, begin to fill the gaps in our understanding of the genetic basis of sociality.We thank Bonn Aure, Jacqueline Buhl, Monica Carlson, Matthew McConnell, Elizabeth Maldonado, David Paulsen, Cecilia Penedo & the Caribbean Primate Research Center (CPRC) for assistance, and Roger Mundry for the use of PSAM software. The authors were supported by NIMH grant R01-MH089484, an Incubator Award from the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, and a Duke Center for Interdisciplinary Decision Sciences Fellowship to LJNB. The CPRC is supported by grant 8-P40 OD012217-25 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) and the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) of the National Institutes of Health
Multimodal Imaging of Autofluorescent Sites Reveals Varied Chemical Speciation in SSZ-13 Crystals
A multimodal imaging study of chabazite is used to show the distribution of and discriminate between different emissive deposits arising as a result of the detemplation process. Confocal imaging, 3D fluorescence lifetime imaging, 3D multispectral fluorescence imaging, and Raman mapping are used to show three different types of emissive behaviours each characterised by different spatial distributions, trends in lifetime, spectral signals, and Raman signatures. A notable difference is seen in the morphology of agglomerated surface deposits and larger subsurface deposits, which experience lifetime augmentation due to spatial confinement. The distribution of organic residue throughout the crystal volume is comparable to XRF mapping that shows Si enrichment on the outer edges and higher Al content through the centre, demonstrating that a fluorescenceâbased technique can also be used to indirectly comment on the compositional chemistry of the inorganic framework
A Multimodal Label-Free Imaging Study of Zeolite Crystals
Zeolites are complex materials that are widely employed in industry as heterogenous catalysts. Their unique open framework structures allow them to not only act as size-selective sieves, but to play host to an adsorbed phase of organic guest molecules. Imaging both the framework and the concomitant adsorbed organic material in a single micrograph is very challenging because each material has different requirements for generating image contrast. In particular, chemically interesting organic material is hard to see using electron imaging techniques that otherwise resolve the framework relatively successfully
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Laboratory and field evaluation of acetic acid-based lures for male Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri.
The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) is a vector of a pathogen associated with greening and thus a major problem in citriculture worldwide. Lures are much needed for improving ACP trapping systems for monitoring populations and surveillance. Previously, we have identified acetic acid as a putative sex pheromone and measured formic acid- and propionic acid-elicited robust electroantennographic responses. We have now thoroughly examined in indoor behavioral assays (4-way olfactometer) and field tests the feasibility of these three semiochemicals as potential lures for trapping ACP. Formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid at appropriate doses are male-specific attractants and suitable lures for ACP traps, but they do not act synergistically. An acetic acid-based homemade lure, prepared by impregnating the attractant in a polymer, was active for a day. A newly developed slow-release formulation had equal performance but lasted longer, thus leading to an important improvement in ACP trap capture at low population densities
Numerical Modeling of the Internal Temperature in the Mammary Gland
The microwave thermometry method for the diagnosis of breast cancer is based
on an analysis of the internal temperature distribution.This paper is devoted
to the construction of a mathematical model for increasing the accuracy of
measuring the internal temperature of mammary glands, which are regarded as a
complex combination of several components, such as fat tissue, muscle tissue,
milk lobules, skin, blood flows, tumor tissue. Each of these biocomponents is
determined by its own set of physical parameters. Our numerical model is
designed to calculate the spatial distributions of the electric microwave field
and the temperature inside the biological tissue. We compare the numerical
simulations results to the real medical measurements of the internal
temperature.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Pharmacists in Pharmacovigilance: Can Increased Diagnostic Opportunity in Community Settings Translate to Better Vigilance?
The pharmacy profession has undergone substantial change over the last two to three decades. Whilst medicine supply still remains a central function, pharmacistâs roles and responsibilities have become more clinic and patient focused. In the community (primary care), pharmacists have become important providers of healthcare as Western healthcare policy advocates patient self-care. This has resulted in pharmacists taking on greater responsibility in managing minor illness and the delivery of public health interventions. These roles require pharmacists to more fully use their clinical skills, and often involve diagnosis and therapeutic management. Community pharmacists are now, more than ever before, in a position to identify, record and report medication safety incidents. However, current research suggests that diagnostic ability of community pharmacists is questionable and they infrequently report to local or national schemes. The aim of this paper is to highlight current practice and suggest ways in which community pharmacy can more fully contribute to patient safety
Aquaporin-2 Promoter Is Synergistically Regulated by Nitric Oxide and Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells
www.karger.com/nne This is an Open Access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License (www.karger.com/OA-license), applicable to the online version of the article only. Distribution for non-commercial purposes only
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