De l’animation à l’action culturelle : quelles évolutions dans les bibliothèques ?

Une commission initiée par Dominique Mitou, directrice de la BM de Bègles (33), s’est réunie cette année en Aquitaine autour de l’animation en direction du public adulte en bibliothèque. La sortie de l’ouvrage de Bernard Huchet, L’ Action culturelle en bibliothèque, était l’occasion pour nous d’organiser une journée d’étude ouverte à un large public

Self-adaptive robot training of stroke survivors for continuous tracking movements

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Although robot therapy is progressively becoming an accepted method of treatment for stroke survivors, few studies have investigated how to adapt the robot/subject interaction forces in an automatic way. The paper is a feasibility study of a novel self-adaptive robot controller to be applied with continuous tracking movements.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The haptic robot Braccio di Ferro is used, in relation with a tracking task. The proposed control architecture is based on three main modules: 1) a force field generator that combines a non linear attractive field and a viscous field; 2) a performance evaluation module; 3) an adaptive controller. The first module operates in a continuous time fashion; the other two modules operate in an intermittent way and are triggered at the end of the current block of trials. The controller progressively decreases the gain of the force field, within a session, but operates in a non monotonic way between sessions: it remembers the minimum gain achieved in a session and propagates it to the next one, which starts with a block whose gain is greater than the previous one. The initial assistance gains are chosen according to a minimal assistance strategy. The scheme can also be applied with closed eyes in order to enhance the role of proprioception in learning and control.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The preliminary results with a small group of patients (10 chronic hemiplegic subjects) show that the scheme is robust and promotes a statistically significant improvement in performance indicators as well as a recalibration of the visual and proprioceptive channels. The results confirm that the minimally assistive, self-adaptive strategy is well tolerated by severely impaired subjects and is beneficial also for less severe patients.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The experiments provide detailed information about the stability and robustness of the adaptive controller of robot assistance that could be quite relevant for the design of future large scale controlled clinical trials. Moreover, the study suggests that including continuous movement in the repertoire of training is acceptable also by rather severely impaired subjects and confirms the stabilizing effect of alternating vision/no vision trials already found in previous studies.</p

Eligibility for vericiguat in a real‐world, contemporary heart failure population

Aims: Vericiguat is a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator and improves survival in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and an increased risk of decompensation. As real-world data on how many patients could be eligible for vericiguat therapy derive from outdated registries, we aimed to assess eligibility in a prospective cohort of patients with HF. Methods and results: Data from consecutive HF patients undergoing an elective ambulatory visit at five university hospitals from 3 July to 28 July 2023 were collected. Independent investigators assessed which patients (i) met the eligibility criteria of the VICTORIA trial, (ii) complied with HF guideline recommendations, (iii) met regulatory agency criteria, or (iv) met criteria for refundability according to the Italian regulatory agency. Patients (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;346, 72% men, median age 69&nbsp;years) had HFrEF in 57% of cases, left ventricular ejection fraction&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;45% in 68%, and New York Heart Association class II-IV symptoms in 76%. Patients meeting the eligibility criteria of the VICTORIA trial or European and American HF Guideline recommendations were 9% and 13%, respectively. Patients meeting Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or European Medicines Agency (EMA) label criteria were 19% and 17%, respectively. Drug costs would be covered by the Italian National Health System in 10% of patients [if a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) is not mandatory] or in 8% (if an SGLT2i is requested). Conclusions: In a real-world study, 9% of patients met the eligibility criteria of the VICTORIA trial, but up to 13% complied with guideline recommendations and up to 19% met FDA or EMA criteria. In Italy, drug costs would be covered by up to 10% of patients

Sub Programa Cedrella

El Subprograma Cedrela del PROMEF se inició en el año 2010, con el fin de consolidar y dar continuidad al proyecto nacional de Domesticación de especies nativas de alto valor de las Selvas Subtropicales que conducía el INTA desde el año 2006, dirigido a llevar a cultivo especies forestales de alto valor socioeconómico de las Selvas, para incrementar la producción de maderas nobles y recuperar áreas degradadas a fin de mantener la función productiva del bosque y de sus servicios ambientales. El objetivo general del Subprograma Cedrela fue el de proveer a las regiones NOA y NEA de materiales de propagación mejorados de especies nativas emblemáticas ,adaptados a diferentes condiciones ecológicas y finalidades. Las especies más estudiadas hasta el presente son Cedrela angustifolia, C. balansa e y C. fissilis. Sin embargo, la existencia de más de 40 especies maderables/ha promovió la realización de encuestas de opinión para que el sector foresto-industrial definiera las que ingresarían al proceso de domesticación, ya que se requiere de un lapso extendido de tiempo y de un presupuesto considerable para desarrollar los estudios necesarios. En consecuencia, se generaron alianzas estratégicas con Universidades, la Administración de Parques Nacionales (APN), organismos provinciales y empresas. Posteriormente, se fueron incluyendo actividades para Cordia trichotoma y Araucaria angustifolia. El punto de partida fue la caracterización del material genético desde un enfoque poblacional para definir las estrategias de mejora genética y de conservación, dado que se trata mayormente de especies amenazadas. A partir de esta información y con la asistencia de herramientas moleculares se conformaron las poblaciones de mejora, incluyendo materiales con potencial productivo, plasticidad ante el estrés hídrico y térmico y diversidad genética suficiente. Esto permitió la instalación de huertos semilleros clonales y la ubicación de rodales semilleros para afrontar la demanda actual de semillas para los planes de producción sustentable y conservación (ley nacional 26.432 y ley nacional 26.331), así como el establecimiento de ensayos de orígenes y progenies para dar continuidad al programa de mejora, realizar observaciones fenológicas y asegurar la conservación ex situ-in vivo de numerosos genotipos que ya no existen en la naturaleza. Por otro lado, se evaluaron diferentes alternativas de conducción de plantaciones y manejo de vivero para mejorar la sobrevivencia a campo, incluyendo el control de la plaga Hypsipyla grandella. Por último, se realizaron actividades de transferencia de los resultados por diferentes vías de comunicación, poniendo énfasis en el sector productivo ya que reúne a los beneficiarios directos de esta propuesta. Asimismo, se capacitaron recursos humanos para fortalecer los grupos relacionados al uso y conservación de especies forestales nativas.Fil: Fornes, Luis Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Tucuman-Santiago del Estero. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Zelener, Noga. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Recursos Naturales. Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Gauchat, M. Elena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Misiones. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Inza, M. Virginia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Recursos Naturales. Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Soldati, María Cristina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Recursos Naturales. Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Ruíz, Veronica. No especifíca;Fil: Meloni, Diego Ariel. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Grignola, Josefina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Tucuman-Santiago del Estero. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Barth, Sara Regina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Misiones. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Ledesma, Tilda. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Salta-jujuy. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Yuto.; ArgentinaFil: Tapia, Silvia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Salta-jujuy. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Yuto.; ArgentinaFil: Tarnowski, Christian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Salta-jujuy. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Yuto.; ArgentinaFil: Eskiviski, Edgar Rafael. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Misiones. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Figueredo, Iris. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Misiones. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: González, Paola. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Misiones. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Leiva, Nidia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Tucuman-Santiago del Estero. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Gustavo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Misiones. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Alarcon, Pamela. No especifíca;Fil: Cuello, Roberto. No especifíca;Fil: Gatto, Miguel. No especifíca;Fil: Rotundo, Cristian Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Misiones. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Giannoni, Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Fernando M.. No especifíca;Fil: Saravia, Pablo Federico. No especifíca;Fil: Trápani, Adrián Ignacio. No especifíca

Plasma lipid profiles discriminate bacterial from viral infection in febrile children

Fever is the most common reason that children present to Emergency Departments. Clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of bacterial infection are often non-specific, and there is no definitive test for the accurate diagnosis of infection. The 'omics' approaches to identifying biomarkers from the host-response to bacterial infection are promising. In this study, lipidomic analysis was carried out with plasma samples obtained from febrile children with confirmed bacterial infection (n = 20) and confirmed viral infection (n = 20). We show for the first time that bacterial and viral infection produces distinct profile in the host lipidome. Some species of glycerophosphoinositol, sphingomyelin, lysophosphatidylcholine and cholesterol sulfate were higher in the confirmed virus infected group, while some species of fatty acids, glycerophosphocholine, glycerophosphoserine, lactosylceramide and bilirubin were lower in the confirmed virus infected group when compared with confirmed bacterial infected group. A combination of three lipids achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.911 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.98). This pilot study demonstrates the potential of metabolic biomarkers to assist clinicians in distinguishing bacterial from viral infection in febrile children, to facilitate effective clinical management and to the limit inappropriate use of antibiotics

Identification of regulatory variants associated with genetic susceptibility to meningococcal disease.

Non-coding genetic variants play an important role in driving susceptibility to complex diseases but their characterization remains challenging. Here, we employed a novel approach to interrogate the genetic risk of such polymorphisms in a more systematic way by targeting specific regulatory regions relevant for the phenotype studied. We applied this method to meningococcal disease susceptibility, using the DNA binding pattern of RELA - a NF-kB subunit, master regulator of the response to infection - under bacterial stimuli in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. We designed a custom panel to cover these RELA binding sites and used it for targeted sequencing in cases and controls. Variant calling and association analysis were performed followed by validation of candidate polymorphisms by genotyping in three independent cohorts. We identified two new polymorphisms, rs4823231 and rs11913168, showing signs of association with meningococcal disease susceptibility. In addition, using our genomic data as well as publicly available resources, we found evidences for these SNPs to have potential regulatory effects on ATXN10 and LIF genes respectively. The variants and related candidate genes are relevant for infectious diseases and may have important contribution for meningococcal disease pathology. Finally, we described a novel genetic association approach that could be applied to other phenotypes

Five primary sources of organic aerosols in the urban atmosphere of Belgrade (Serbia)

Biomass burning and primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) represent important primary sources of organic compounds in the atmosphere. These particles and compounds are able to affect climate and human health. In the present work, using HPLC-orbitrapMS, we determined the atmospheric concentrations of molecular markers such as anhydrosugars and phenolic compounds that are specific for biomass burning, as well as the concentrations of sugars, alcohol sugars and D- and L-amino acids (D-AAs and L-AAs) for studying PBAPs in Belgrade (Serbia) aerosols collected in September-December 2008. In these samples, high levels of all these biomarkers were observed in October. Relative percentages of vanillic (V), syringic compounds (S) and p-coumaric acid (PA), as well as levoglucosan/mannosan (L/M) ratios, helped us discriminate between open fire events and wood combustion for domestic heating during the winter. L-AAs and D-AAs (1% of the total) were observed in Belgrade aerosols mainly in September-October. During open fire events, mean D-AA/L-AA (D/L) ratio values of aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, alanine were significantly higher than mean D/L values of samples unaffected by open fire. High levels of AAs were observed for open biomass burning events.Thanks to four different statistical approaches, we demonstrated that Belgrade aerosols are affected by five sources: a natural source, a source related to fungi spores and degraded material and three other sources linked to biomass burning: biomass combustion in open fields, the combustion of grass and agricultural waste and the combustion of biomass in stoves and industrial plants. The approach employed in this work, involving the determination of specific organic tracers and statistical analysis, proved useful to discriminate among different types of biomass burning events. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Plasma lipid profiles discriminate bacterial from viral infection in febrile children

Fever is the most common reason that children present to Emergency Departments. Clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of bacterial infection are often non-specific, and there is no definitive test for the accurate diagnosis of infection. The 'omics' approaches to identifying biomarkers from the host-response to bacterial infection are promising. In this study, lipidomic analysis was carried out with plasma samples obtained from febrile children with confirmed bacterial infection (n = 20) and confirmed viral infection (n = 20). We show for the first time that bacterial and viral infection produces distinct profile in the host lipidome. Some species of glycerophosphoinositol, sphingomyelin, lysophosphatidylcholine and cholesterol sulfate were higher in the confirmed virus infected group, while some species of fatty acids, glycerophosphocholine, glycerophosphoserine, lactosylceramide and bilirubin were lower in the confirmed virus infected group when compared with confirmed bacterial infected group. A combination of three lipids achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.911 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.98). This pilot study demonstrates the potential of metabolic biomarkers to assist clinicians in distinguishing bacterial from viral infection in febrile children, to facilitate effective clinical management and to the limit inappropriate use of antibiotics

Plasma lipid profiles discriminate bacterial from viral infection in febrile children

Fever is the most common reason that children present to Emergency Departments. Clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of bacterial infection ar

La CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease) nel cane: correlazione tra stadi IRIS e reperti ecografici

Parole chiave: CKD, IRIS, creatinina, ecografia, rene, cane La creatinina è un parametro biochimico fondamentale per la diagnosi di Insufficienza Renale Cronica (CKD, Chronic Kidney Disease); nel cane il suo intervallo di riferimento è compreso tra 0.8 e 1,4 mg/dL. Se il valore di creatinina supera questo intervallo è indicativo di CKD ed in base al suo valore l’IRIS (International Renal Interest Society) ha classificato questa malattia in quattro stadi: IRIS 1: creatinina < 1.4 mg/dL IRIS 2: creatinina 1.41 - 2.0 mg/dl IRIS 3: creatinina 2.01 - 5.0 mg/dL IRIS 4: creatinina > 5 mg/dL L’obiettivo di questo studio è stato quello di capire per ciascuno stadio IRIS di CKD quali siano i rilievi anomali più frequenti riscontrati in corso di ecografia renale, correlando perciò un determinato stadio a determinati reperti ecografici. A tal fine sono stati presi in considerazione retrospettivamente 865 cani affetti da insufficienza renale cronica appartenenti agli stadi IRIS 2, 3 e 4 e per ciascuno di essi è stato analizzato il relativo referto ecografico prendendo in considerazione undici parametri ecografici: profilo, giunzione cortico-midollare, rapporto cortico-midollare, ecogenicità della corticale, ecogenicità della midollare, ecostruttura, cisti, mineralizzazioni, infarti, dilatazione della pelvi, versamento perirenale. In un primo momento abbiamo suddiviso la popolazione di ciascuno stadio in base al numero di alterazioni ecografiche riportate e, tramite test del Chi-quadro abbiamo riscontrato esserci differenza statisticamente significativa tra i tre stadi; all’aumentare dello stadio IRIS infatti aumenta il numero di soggetti che presentano più di tre alterazioni ecografiche. Infine, tramite analisi statistica basata sul test Chi-quadro, sono state individuate le alterazioni ecografiche maggiormente riscontrate in ciascun gruppo di studio: ecogenicità della corticale, giunzione cortico-midollare e dilatazione del bacinetto; le principali alterazioni sono le stesse in tutti e tre gli stadi IRIS considerati, ciò che cambia è la percentuale di soggetti che riportano tali alterazioni, che tende ad aumentare all’aumentare dello stadio IRIS. L’ultimo punto è stato quello di cercare una correlazione tra il numero di soggetti con valore del prodotto Ca x P > 60 mg/dL e la presenza di mineralizzazione a livello renale; nonostante però il numero di soggetti con prodotto sopra il limite aumenti all’aumentare dello stadio IRIS, la percentuale di soggetti con mineralizzazione renale rimane pressoché invariata. Conclusioni: l’ecografia renale è un ottimo metodo diagnostico per la ricerca di alterazioni a livello renale ma non può essere utilizzata per discriminare i diversi stadi IRIS in quanto le alterazioni più frequenti sono sempre le stesse, ovvero alterazione dell’ecogenicità corticale, alterazione della giunzione cortico-midollare e presenza di dilatazione del bacinetto