ACLIMATAÇÃO DE LODO PROVENIENTE DE REATOR UASB COM EFLUENTE DOMÉSTICO EM SISTEMA BATELADA

O presente estudo objetiva avaliar o comportamento dos parâmetros de estabilização de um lodo anaeróbio em sistema de bancada, durante seu processo de aclimatação com novo efluente. A aclimatação do lodo-inóculo foi realizada no reator de aclimatação de bancada em PVC com alimentação ascendente, sendo monitorados os parâmetros pH, alcalinidade total, ácidos graxos voláteis, DQO, frações totais e suspensas, fixas e voláteis de sólidos dos efluentes bruto e tratado e do lodo. A aclimatação do lodo com o novo esgoto, realizada em 70 dias de avaliação, não atingiu o nível de estabilização desejado, com baixa remoção de DQO e diminuto crescimento de biomassa, contudo, verificou-se, ainda, uma estabilidade para outros parâmetros, como o pH e a relação AGV/AT, e valores de sólidos suspensos voláteis aumentados em relação ao início. A acidez controlada pressupõe haver condições de aceitação da biomassa ao novo esgoto, mesmo que de forma lenta, permitindo a aplicação do lodo testado em partida de reatores anaeróbios em escala real. ACLIMATATION OF SLUDGE FROM UASB REACTOR WITH DOMESTIC EFFLUENT IN BATTLE SYSTEMABSTRACTThe present study aims to evaluate the behavior of the stabilization parameters of an anaerobic sludge in a bench system during acclimatization process with a new effluent. Acclimatization of sludge-inoculum was carried out in an upward feeding PVC bench acclimatization reactor, with monitoring of parameters pH, total alkalinity, volatile fatty acids, COD, total and suspended, fixed and volatile fractions of effluents and sludge. The acclimatization of the sludge with the new sewage, carried out in 70 days of evaluation, did not reach the desired stabilization level, with low COD removal and diminished biomass growth, however, there was verified stability for other parameters such as pH, AGV / AT ratio, and volatile suspended solids values increased from the beginning. Controlled acidity presumes there are conditions for biomass acceptance of biomass for the new effluent, even if slowly, allowing the application of the tested sludge start anaerobic reactors in full scale

Policitemia Vera: o subdiagnóstico como fator de alerta para a saúde pública no Brasil: Polycythemia Vera: underdiagnosis as a warning factor for public health in Brazil

A Policitemia Vera é uma onco-hematopatia que resulta no aumento da viscosidade sanguínea, a partir da superprodução de células vermelhas, causada, na maioria dos casos, pela mutação do gene JAK2 V617F. Os sinais e sintomas desta doença incluem hipertensão, cefaleia, tontura, distúrbios visuais, vertigem, zumbido, claudicação e eritromelalgia. Historicamente, não há um vasto conhecimento sobre a PV e, apesar das descobertas recentes, tal doença apresenta um difícil diagnóstico, uma vez que os critérios de identificação da patologia foram mudados ao longo dos anos. Sob tal ótica, este artigo objetiva demonstrar o subdiagnóstico da Policitemia Vera como um fator de alerta para a saúde pública no Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, referente aos anos de 2016 a 2020 sobre a patologia, relacionando-a às variáveis região geográfica, sexo, idade e tratamento. A análise dos resultados demonstra que há uma prevalência dos casos de Policitemia Vera em homens, em pessoas que possuem de 50 a 70 anos8, além de apontar para uma maior expressividade na adoção da quimioterapia como medida terapêutica. Nesse contexto, existe um déficit informacional acerca do número de casos existentes no País, o que contribui para que, na maioria das vezes, o diagnóstico seja confirmado tardiamente, como após a ocorrência de infarto agudo do miocárdio ou de eventos trombóticos. Somado a isso, o despreparo das equipes que atuam na Atenção Primária à Saúde frente ao diagnóstico diferencial da PV é um agravante significativo para a subdiagnóstico dessa patologia

Avanços recentes em nutrição de larvas de peixes

Os requisitos nutricionais de larvas de peixes são ainda mal compreendidos, o que leva a altas mortalidades e problemas de qualidade no seu cultivo. Este trabalho pretende fazer uma revisão de novas metodologias de investigação, tais como estudos com marcadores, genómica populacional, programação nutricional, génomica e proteómica funcionais, e fornecer ainda alguns exemplos das utilizações presentes e perspectivas futuras em estudos de nutrição de larvas de peixes

Grande cisto pericárdico manifestando-se com compressão das câmaras cardíacas direitas A large pericardial cyst presenting with compression of the right-side cardiac chambers

Cistos pericárdicos são raros, comumente congênitos, com localização mais frequente no ângulo cardiofrênico direito. O diagnóstico é suspeitado pela radiografia de tórax anormal. O presente relato descreve um caso de cisto pericárdico com aspecto radiográfico atípico, em um paciente atleta, manifestando-se clinicamente com sintomas de insuficiência ventricular direita. O diagnóstico foi sugerido pelo ecocardiograma transesofágico e confirmado pelo estudo anatomopatológico.Pericardial cysts are rare, usually congenital. Cysts frequently occur in the right cardiophrenic angle and their diagnosis is usually suspected after an abnormal chest X ray. The present case report shows a case of pericardial cyst with atypical radiographic aspect in an athletic patient who presented clinical with symptoms of right ventricular failure. The diagnosis was suggested by echocardiogram and subsequently was confirmed by pathologic examination

Dietary protein complexity modulates growth, protein utilisation and the expression of protein digestion-related genes in Senegalese sole larvae

Given its complex metamorphosis and digestive system ontogeny, Senegalese sole larvae capacity to digest and utilize dietary protein is likely to change throughout development. In the present study, we hypothesized that the manipulation of dietary protein complexity may affect Senegalese sole larvae capacity to digest, absorb and retain protein during metamorphosis, as well as the mRNA expression of genes encoding for the precursors of proteolytic enzymes of the digestive tract and the enterocyte peptide transporter PepT1, which may have further impact on somatic growth. Three diets were formulated using approximately the same practical ingredients, except for the main protein source. The Intact diet protein content was mostly based on intact plant protein where the target peptide molecular weight (MW) would be > 70 kDa. The PartH diet protein fraction was mostly based on a protein hydrolysate with a high content of 5-70 kDa peptides. The HighH diet protein fraction was mostly based on a protein hydrolysate with a high content of 5 kDa peptides. A growth trial was performed with larvae reared at 19 degrees C under a co-feeding regime from mouth opening. The transcription of pga, tryp1c, ialp, ampn and pepT1 (encoding respectively for PepsinogenA, Trypsinogen1C, Intestinal alkaline phosphatase, Aminopeptidase N and for the enterocyte peptide transporter 1) was quantified by qPCR, during the metamorphosis climax (16 DAH) and after the metamorphosis was completed (28 DAH). An in vivo method of controlled tube-feeding was used to assess the effect on the larvae capacity to utilize polypeptides with different MW (1.0 and 7.2 kDa) representing a typical peptide MW of each of the hydrolysates included in the diets. The PartH diet stimulated growth in metamorphosing larvae (16 DAH), whereas the Intact diet stimulated growth after 36 DAH. The Intact diet stimulated the larvae absorption capacity for 1.0 kDa peptides at 16 DAH, which may have contributed for enhanced growth in later stages. The PartH diet stimulated the transcription of tryp1c and pept1 at 28 DAH, which seemed to reflect on increased post-larvae capacity to retain dietary 7.2 kDa polypeptides. That may indicate a possible strategy to optimize the digestion and utilisation of the PartH dietary protein, though it did not reflect into increased growth. The Intact diet promoted the transcription of pepsinogenA, which may reflect a reduced gastrointestinal transit time, which could have enhanced the dietary nutrients assimilation, ultimately improving growth. The present results suggest that, whereas pre-metamorphic sole larvae utilize better dietary protein with a moderate degree of hydrolysis, post-metamorphic sole make a greater use of intact protein.Project EPISOLE (FCT) [PTDC/MAR/110547/2009]FCT (Portugal) [CCMAR/Multi/04326/2013 (Portugal)]MICALA - I & DT Co-Promocao I & DT Co-Promocao (Portugal) - POAlgarve 21 [13380]MICALA - I & DT Co-Promocao I & DT Co-Promocao (Portugal) - QRENMICALA - I & DT Co-Promocao I & DT Co-Promocao (Portugal) - European UnionFCT [SFRH/BD/82149/2011]FCT investigator grant - European Social Fund [IF/00482/2014/CP1217/CT0005]Operational Programme Human PotentialFoundation for Science and Technology of Portugal (FCT)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Fatal outcome of chikungunya virus infection in Brazil

Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil / Central Public Health Laboratory of Ceará State. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.University of São Paulo. Virology Research Center. Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. oxford, United Kingdom.University of São Paulo. Virology Research Center. Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. oxford, United Kingdom / Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies. Department of Research in Virology and Biotechnology. Panama City, Panama.Central Public Health Laboratory of Ceará State. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Central Public Health Laboratory of Ceará State. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil / Centro Universitário Christus. Faculdade de Medicina. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Central Public Health Laboratory of Ceará State. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.State Health Secretariat of Ceará. Death Verification Service Dr Rocha Furtado. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Centro Universitário Christus. Faculdade de Medicina. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Centro Universitário Christus. Faculdade de Medicina. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Centro Universitário Christus. Faculdade de Medicina. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Centro Universitário Christus. Faculdade de Medicina. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Centro Universitário Christus. Faculdade de Medicina. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil / Ministry of Health. Brasilia, DF, Brazil.Ministry of Health. Brasilia, DF, Brazil.Ministry of Health. Brasilia, DF, Brazil.Ministry of Health. Brasilia, DF, Brazil.Faculdade de Medicina São Leopoldo Mandic. Campinas, SP, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. Oxford, United Kingdom.University of São Paulo. Virology Research Center. Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. Oxford, United Kingdom / Imperial College London. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology. London, United Kingdom.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Branch Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.BACKGROUND: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) emerged in the Americas in 2013 and has caused approximately 2.1 million cases and >600 deaths. A retrospective investigation was undertaken to describe clinical, epidemiological, and viral genomic features associated with deaths caused by CHIKV in Ceará state, northeast Brazil. METHODS: Sera, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and tissue samples from 100 fatal cases with suspected arbovirus infection were tested for CHIKV, dengue virus (DENV), and Zika virus (ZIKV). Clinical, epidemiological, and death reports were obtained for patients with confirmed CHIKV infection. Logistic regression analysis was undertaken to identify independent factors associated with risk of death during CHIKV infection. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using whole genomes from a subset of cases. RESULTS: Sixty-eight fatal cases had CHIKV infection confirmed by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (52.9%), viral antigen (41.1%), and/or specific immunoglobulin M (63.2%). Co-detection of CHIKV with DENV was found in 22% of fatal cases, ZIKV in 2.9%, and DENV and ZIKV in 1.5%. A total of 39 CHIKV deaths presented with neurological signs and symptoms, and CHIKV-RNA was found in the CSF of 92.3% of these patients. Fatal outcomes were associated with irreversible multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Patients with diabetes appear to die at a higher frequency during the subacute phase. Genetic analysis showed circulation of 2 CHIKV East-Central-South African (ECSA) lineages in Ceará and revealed no unique virus genomic mutation associated with fatal outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The investigation of the largest cross-sectional cohort of CHIKV deaths to date reveals that CHIKV-ECSA strains can cause death in individuals from both risk and nonrisk groups, including young adults. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America