The midwife factor in obstetric procedures and neonatal outcome

Aims. In the face of major tendency towards midwiferyled-care it was our purpose to investigate the extent of the influence of the midwife on the rates of obstetric procedures and perinatal outcome. Methods. 5384 consecutive deliveries at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. University of Graz, were enrolled in the study. The following data were collected: mode of delivery, pH of umbilical artery, Apgar score. Firstly, data were investigated for interindividual differences and, secondly, for relationship with age of the midwife as a measure of experience. Results. Interindividual differences were significant for episiotomy rates (minimum: 31.6%; maximum 76.9%; p<0.001), forceps rates (minimum: 1.7%; maximum 11.1%;p=0.002) and pH of umbilical arteries (minimum: 7.21:maxinium: 7.28 p=0.001) but not for cesarean section rates and Apgar scores. Linear regression analysis was significant between age of midwives and pH of umbilical arteries (p<0.001: r=0.055) and for one-minute Apgar score (p=0.009; r=0.050) but not for episiotomy rates, cesarean section rates, forceps rates and five-minutes Apgar score. Conclusions. There are large interindividual differences in obstetric intervention rates which cannot be explained by the midwives' age. Provision of health care should be primarily determined by need and not by the personal characteristics of the health care provider, thus interindividual differences should be reduced and more often taken into account when analyzing any kind of data

Introduction to total- and partial-pressure measurements in vacuum systems

An introduction to the fundamentals of total and partial pressure measurement in the vacuum regime (760 x 10 to the -16th power Torr) is presented. The instrument most often used in scientific fields requiring vacuum measurement are discussed with special emphasis on ionization type gauges and quadrupole mass spectrometers. Some attention is also given to potential errors in measurement as well as calibration techniques

Phase closure nulling of HD 59717 with AMBER/VLTI . Detection of the close faint companion

Aims: The detection of close and faint companions is an essential step in many astrophysical fields, including the search for planetary companions. A new method called "phase closure nulling" has been proposed for the detection of such faint and close companions based on interferometric observations when the system visibility amplitude is close to zero due to the large diameter of the primary star. We aim at demonstrating this method by analyzing observations obtained on the spectroscopic binary HD 59717. Methods: Using the AMBER/VLTI instrument in the K-band with ~1500 spectral resolution, we record the spectrally dispersed closures phases of the SB1 binary HD 59717 with a three-baseline combination adequate for applying phase closure methods. After a careful data reduction, we fit the primary diameter, the binary flux ratio, and the separation using the phase closure data. Results: We detect the 5-mag fainter companion of HD 59717 at a distance of 4 stellar radii from the primary. We determine the diameter of the primary, infer the secondary's spectral type and determine the masses and sizes of the stars in the binary system. This is one of the highest contrasts detected by interferometry between a companion and its parent star. Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory, Paranal, Chile, within the commissioning programme 60.A-9054(A)

Report of the Committee on the Foundation Fund

At your last convention you passed a motion and resolution calling upon the Board of Governors to take such action as it seemed best to result either in this Association or a State Bar Foundation owning its own headquarters buildin

Report of the President

I was reading an article in the American Law Review and that article told about the Bar Associations in the United States, that had taken steps to own their own headquarters building, and told about those that had already reached their goal, and had their own home. After I read that article it occurred to me what a wonderful thing it would be, if we here in the State of Washington put up our own home; to not have to go from pillar to post and rent a place and then stay there for a few years and then to move on, and I decided I would just find out what the states had done that adopted such a program and how they had gone about raising money to build their own headquarters building, and I asked our very efficient secretarial force to contact the secretaries and the presidents in all the other states, and let us know just what had been done

NTF model pressure measurements

Pressure measurements on the National Transonic Facility models will be made using electronically scanned pressure instrumentation. The system consists of pressure modules, a pressure calibration standard, and a system controller. The pressure modules, which must be operated above -18 C, will be housed in model-integrated designed thermally controlled containers. The Pathfinder 1 192-channel pressure package is described. Recent and planned developments to reduce the pressure module's volume per channel ratio are discussed, including the 48-channel module and a proposed 32-channel module that would be 2.54 by 2.54 by 8.13 cm. Pressure transducers capable of operating at cryogenic temperatures for dynamic and static pressure measurements are discussed

Shuttle flight pressure instrumentation: Experience and lessons for the future

Flight data obtained from the Space Transportation System orbiter entries are processed and analyzed to assess the accuracy and performance of the Development Flight Instrumentation (DFI) pressure measurement system. Selected pressure measurements are compared with available wind tunnel and computational data and are further used to perform air data analyses using the Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS) computation technique. The results are compared to air data from other sources. These comparisons isolate and demonstrate the effects of the various limitations of the DFI pressure measurement system. The effects of these limitations on orbiter performance analyses are addressed, and instrumentation modifications are recommended to improve the accuracy of similar fight data systems in the future

Repair of weld defects in thin-walled stainless steel tubes

Hand-operated tool repairs weld defects in large-diameter, thin-walled stainless steel tubes. Tool consists of a three-roll external planisher and an internal backup mandrel, both hydraulically pressurized by hand pumps, and an external restraining mandrel, which keeps the tube from turning during the planishing operations

Glenna Snow\u27s Cook Book: Home Tested Recipes by Beacon Journal Readers

Glenna Snow was the home economics editor for the Akron Beacon Journal in the 1930s and 1940s. Snow and the newspaper produced a book of readers\u27 recipes in 1938. Six years later, adding more recipes and a substitution section due to government rationing during WWII, the 1944 edition was published. Introduced by historian, Kevin Kern, this reprint edition contains1385 recipes in a readable form so that each ingredient, with its amount falls into the proper place at the proper time, to give the best results. The recipes are diverse and unique including instructions for War Cake and Martha Washington Omelet. Common staples like Coffee Cake, Pot Roast with Vegetables, and Apple Sauce are included. Among the more distinctive recipes are Potato Doughnuts, Squirrel Stew, and Souse. Kern explains that the cook book is an historical primary source. These recipes are not only a list of ingredients, but a record of the ethnic groups that populated the Akron area prior to and during WWII. The cookbook also illustrates the scarcity experienced during war highlighted by a substantial section on preserving food with methods such as canning, drying, and pickling. During the period covered by the two publications, electrification is becoming more widespread with recipes reflecting the change in technology. The cook book is a perfectly-preserved fossil of the archaeology of Akron and the Midwest during a period when America was recovering from the Great Depression and fighting a global war. More though, the book is a collection of recipes and techniques that are as relevant today as when they were collected.https://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/uapress_publications/1138/thumbnail.jp