Observation of the stacking faults in In0.53Ga0.47As by electron channeling contrast imaging

The observation and interpretation of Frank stacking faults, Shockley stacking faults, Lomer dislocations, and 60 degrees misfit dislocations, which have similar line shapes in the (001) In0.53Ga0.47As crystalline surface, are performed with the electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) technique. To minimize the backscattered electron (BSE) contrast that resulted from the surface morphology, a relatively flat region is first selected and compared with an atomic force microscopy (AFM) image and then, subsequently, examining ECCI with transmission electron microscopy (TEM)-like invisibility criteria. By orthogonally choosing the diffraction vector g between (220) and (2-20), misfit dislocations seem to be always visible but partially faint in the g parallel to the line direction on the surface. With respect to the image contrast, Frank stacking faults and Lomer dislocations are likely to be completely invisible for parallel g. The criteria are further confirmed by cross-sectional TEM analysis, which shows a preferred homogeneous surface nucleation

Multimicrophone Speech Dereverberation: Experimental Validation

Dereverberation is required in various speech processing applications such as handsfree telephony and voice-controlled systems, especially when signals are applied that are recorded in a moderately or highly reverberant environment. In this paper, we compare a number of classical and more recently developed multimicrophone dereverberation algorithms, and validate the different algorithmic settings by means of two performance indices and a speech recognition system. It is found that some of the classical solutions obtain a moderate signal enhancement. More advanced subspace-based dereverberation techniques, on the other hand, fail to enhance the signals despite their high-computational load

Psychiatrische palliatie

status: publishe

Multimicrophone Speech Dereverberation: Experimental Validation

Dereverberation is required in various speech processing applications such as handsfree telephony and voice-controlled systems, especially when signals are applied that are recorded in a moderately or highly reverberant environment. In this paper, we compare a number of classical and more recently developed multimicrophone dereverberation algorithms, and validate the different algorithmic settings by means of two performance indices and a speech recognition system. It is found that some of the classical solutions obtain a moderate signal enhancement. More advanced subspace-based dereverberation techniques, on the other hand, fail to enhance the signals despite their high-computational load.</p

Ethisch advies over de preventie van zelfdoding in de geestelijke gezondheidszorg

BACKGROUND: Professional carers are regularly confronted with clients who want to commit suicide. AIM: To develop ethical advice on the question how professional carers can provide ethically justified care that will prevent suicide. METHOD: The research method combines ethical discussion with a review of the literature. results According to the ethical advice, suicide is a manifestation of an existential crisis and is determined partly by the client's pathology. Three values are at stake in the prevention of suicide: the inviolability of life, the autonomy of the client and the care relationship between carers and their client. In order to integrate these values it is advisable to give attention to the following points. The best prevention consists of good care and a good care relationship involving intensive counselling of the client with regard to existential questions. In this way carers can increase the client's freedom and responsibility. Sometimes, however, carers need to come to protective agreements with the client or impose coercive measures in order to restrict the client's freedom. Such preventive measures must be accompanied by care for the carers themselves and the client's next of kin. CONCLUSION: By means of the integrating value of the care relationship carers should try to achieve a reasonable balance between the inviolability of life and the autonomy of the client.status: publishe

Ethical Aspects of the Prevention of Suicide in Psychiatry

© 2012 Springer Publishing Company. From an ethical perspective, three values are at stake in the prevention of suicide- the inviolability of life, the autonomy of the client, and the care relationship between caregivers and client. These values can be integrated in the following way. The best prevention consists of a good care relationship involving intensive counseling of the client regarding existential questions. In this way, caregivers can increase the client's autonomy and responsibility. Sometimes, however, caregivers need to intervene with protective measures to safeguard the inviolability of the client's life. Caregivers strive for a reasonable balance between autonomy and inviolability by means of the integrating value of the relationship.status: publishe

Conditional shared confidentiality in mental health care

Because of the development towards community care, care providers not only exchange information in a team, but increasingly also in networks. This is a challenge to confidentiality. The ethical question is how care providers can keep information about the care receiver confidential, whilst at the same time exchanging information about that care receiver in a team or network? Can shared confidentiality be extended from a team to a network? To clarify this question, the article refers to the advice of an expert ethics committee in mental health care. The advice regards exchange of information in a network as a further step in enhancing collaboration among care providers. Therefore, the good and evident practice of shared confidentiality in a team can be extended to a network if the same conditions are met. First, the care providers participate in a clearly defined and identifiable team or network. Secondly, they have a shared care responsibility. Thirdly, they have a duty of confidentiality. Fourth, they dialogue with the care receiver and obtain his or her consent. Finally, they apply the filter of relevance. Hence, conditional shared confidentiality is an ethical justification for the exchange of information in a team or network.status: publishe