11 research outputs found
Zika virus infection in pregnancy: a systematic review of disease course and complications
OBJECTIVES: To characterize maternal Zika virus (ZIKV) infection
and complement the evidence base for the WHO interim guidance on
pregnancy management in the context of ZIKV infection. METHODS:
We searched the relevant database from inception until March
2016. Two review authors independently screened and assessed
full texts of eligible reports and extracted data from relevant
studies. The quality of studies was assessed using the
Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the National Institute of
Health (NIH) tool for observational studies and case
series/reports, respectively. RESULTS: Among 142 eligible
full-text articles, 18 met the inclusion criteria (13 case
series/reports and five cohort studies). Common symptoms among
pregnant women with suspected/confirmed ZIKV infection were
fever, rash, and arthralgia. One case of Guillain-Barre syndrome
was reported among ZIKV-infected mothers, no other case of
severe maternal morbidity or mortality reported. Complications
reported in association with maternal ZIKV infection included a
broad range of fetal and newborn neurological and ocular
abnormalities; fetal growth restriction, stillbirth, and
perinatal death. Microcephaly was the primary neurological
complication reported in eight studies, with an incidence of
about 1% among newborns of ZIKV infected women in one study.
CONCLUSION: Given the extensive and variable fetal and newborn
presentations/complications associated with prenatal ZIKV
infection, and the dearth of information provided, knowledge
gaps are evident. Further research and comprehensive reporting
may provide a better understanding of ZIKV infection in
pregnancy and attendant maternal/fetal complications. This
knowledge could inform the creation of effective and
evidence-based strategies, guidelines and recommendations aimed
at the management of maternal ZIKV infection. Adherence to
current best practice guidelines for prenatal care among health
providers is encouraged, in the context of maternal ZIKV
infection
モンゴルにおける小児の下気道感染症による入院リスク要因:横断研究
京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(社会健康医学)甲第20623号社医博第81号社新制||医||9(附属図書館)京都大学大学院医学研究科社会健康医学系専攻(主査)教授 木原 正博, 教授 中川 一路, 教授 平家 俊男学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Public HealthKyoto UniversityDFA
Addressing Air Pollution in Ulaanbaatar and Evaluating Indoor Air Quality in Gers with Cooking, Heating, and Insulation Packages (CHIP)
Conducted by the nonprofit organization Breathe Mongolia—Clean Air Coalition, this study investigated ambient air pollution in Ulaanbaatar, focusing on the significant role of coal briquette combustion within ger areas. This combustion not only contributes to outdoor air pollution but also significantly degrades indoor air quality within these traditional dwellings, leading to substantial health concerns. To address this challenge, the study assessed indoor air pollution in gers—traditional Mongolian yurts—that had implemented Cooking, Heating, and Insulation Packages (CHIP), a program offering subsidized electrical heating, cooking, and insulation materials. The study encompassed 28 gers, among which 25 were equipped with CHIP while 3 were not, enabling a comparative analysis. Employing cost-effective technology, carbon monoxide levels were monitored across all 28 gers using Binary System monitors. Fine particulate matter concentrations were measured using AirVisual monitors in 14 of these gers. Data collection occurred during the winter of 2022–2023. To comprehensively assess indoor air quality within gers and ascertain the efficacy of interventions like CHIP in diminishing indoor air pollution, Breathe Mongolia intends to continue monitoring efforts within ger areas. These initiatives strive to address data gaps and inform strategies aimed at enhancing indoor air quality
Maternal socio-demographic and psychological predictors for risk of developmental delays among young children in Mongolia
Abstract Background Factors influencing child development are not well studied in developing settings, and especially in Mongolia. This cohort study examined the relationship between maternal socio-demographic and psychological conditions on risk of young child developmental delay. Methods A total of 150 children aged between 13 ~ 24 months old participated in this study. The participants were randomly selected from a pre-existing cohort of 1297 children who were involved in a study on infant bilirubin nomogram development conducted at a tertiary health facility in Mongolia between 2012 and 2013. Child development was evaluated using the Mongolian Rapid Baby Scale (MORBAS), a validated scale for child development. The potential factors for child developmental delay were assessed using a pre-tested questionnaire comprising of 52 questions. Fisher’s exact test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results Seventeen (11%) out of the 150 children that participated in the study were at risk of developmental delay. There was a negative association between the risk of child developmental delay and higher maternal education (AOR 0.15, 95% CI: 0.03–0.66). Increasing maternal age (AOR 1.12, 95%CI: 0.98–1.27), maternal depression symptoms (AOR 4.93, 95%CI: 0.93–26.10), child gender being female (AOR 0.25, 95%CI: 0.06–1.00) and being from single mother household (AOR 0.14, 95%CI: 0.01–1.11) were also predictors for risk of developmental delay – although the association was marginal. Conclusions Our findings suggest that being of underprivileged social status, and poor psychological condition of mothers in Mongolia possibly increases the risk of child developmental delays. Interventions targeting these modifiable predictors are needed to develop prevention strategies for child developmental delay
Hospitalization risk factors for children's lower respiratory tract infection: A population-based, cross-sectional study in Mongolia.
This study aimed to assess the potential risk factors for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI)-related hospital admissions in Mongolian children. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural Mongolia in 2013, and 1, 013 mother–child pairs were included. Of the participating children, 38. 9% were admitted to hospital with LRTIs. Home smoking, low birthweight, being a male child, exclusive breastfeeding and healthcare-seeking behaviour showed substantial association with LRTI-related hospital admissions. Number of cigarettes smoked by family members showed a dose-response relationship and increased hospital admissions. Strategies to prevent second-hand-smoke exposure from adult smokers, especially inside the home, are crucial to preventing LRTI-related hospital admissions for children in Mongolia. Improving rates of exclusive breastfeeding and increasing birthweight have great potential to decrease the likelihood of children acquiring a LRTI. Educational initiatives are also necessary for women who are less likely to seek out care for their children's symptoms
Zika virus infection in pregnancy: a systematic review of disease course and complications
OBJECTIVES: To characterize maternal Zika virus (ZIKV) infection
and complement the evidence base for the WHO interim guidance on
pregnancy management in the context of ZIKV infection. METHODS:
We searched the relevant database from inception until March
2016. Two review authors independently screened and assessed
full texts of eligible reports and extracted data from relevant
studies. The quality of studies was assessed using the
Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the National Institute of
Health (NIH) tool for observational studies and case
series/reports, respectively. RESULTS: Among 142 eligible
full-text articles, 18 met the inclusion criteria (13 case
series/reports and five cohort studies). Common symptoms among
pregnant women with suspected/confirmed ZIKV infection were
fever, rash, and arthralgia. One case of Guillain-Barre syndrome
was reported among ZIKV-infected mothers, no other case of
severe maternal morbidity or mortality reported. Complications
reported in association with maternal ZIKV infection included a
broad range of fetal and newborn neurological and ocular
abnormalities; fetal growth restriction, stillbirth, and
perinatal death. Microcephaly was the primary neurological
complication reported in eight studies, with an incidence of
about 1% among newborns of ZIKV infected women in one study.
CONCLUSION: Given the extensive and variable fetal and newborn
presentations/complications associated with prenatal ZIKV
infection, and the dearth of information provided, knowledge
gaps are evident. Further research and comprehensive reporting
may provide a better understanding of ZIKV infection in
pregnancy and attendant maternal/fetal complications. This
knowledge could inform the creation of effective and
evidence-based strategies, guidelines and recommendations aimed
at the management of maternal ZIKV infection. Adherence to
current best practice guidelines for prenatal care among health
providers is encouraged, in the context of maternal ZIKV
infection
Additional file 1: of Zika virus infection in pregnancy: a systematic review of disease course and complications
Database search strategies for prenatal diagnosis of microcephaly in the context of ZIKV infection on March 3rd 2016. (DOCX 29 kb