21 research outputs found
Non-protein coding RNAs: making their own path losing translation
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) can serve genetic, catalytic, structural, and regulatory roles. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes make transcripts that function directly as RNA, rather than encoding proteins. Transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA are well known examples of non-coding RNA. Around 98% of all transcriptional output in humans is non-coding RNA. RNA-mediated gene regulation is widespread in higher eukaryotes and complex genetic phenomena like RNA interference, co-suppression, transgene silencing, imprinting, methylation, and possibly position-effect variegation and transvection, all involve intersecting pathways based on or connected to RNA signaling. Due to its high abundance, non-coding RNAs have several important biological roles in living organisms
Application of Molecular Tools for Gut Health of Pet Animals: A Review
Gut health is an important facet of well being of pet animals; it is in this context, various nutritional and biotechnological approaches have been proposed to manipulate the gut health by specifically targeting the colonic microbiota. Nutritional approaches include supplementation of antioxidants and phytochemicals like flavonoids, isoflavonoids and carotenoids. Biotechnological approaches include supplementation of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics in the diet and potential application of molecular tools like fluorescent in situ hybridization, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, quantitative dot blot hybridization, and restriction fragment length polymorphism etc. in studying the fecal microbiota composition. Post-genomic and related technologies, i.e. genomics, nutrigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and epigenomics in the study of gastrointestinal tract also put forward challenges for nutritionists and microbiologists to elucidate the complex interactions between gut microbiota and host
EFFECT OF INBREEDING ON MORTALITY OF CAPTIVE TIGER
A study was carried out on the captive tigers of Nandankanan zoo, Odisha, India, to conclude
any deleterious effect of inbreeding on mortality. A pedigree path analysis of 342 tigers was done to estimate
the inbreeding coefficient of each tiger from the available pedigree information since the inception of zoological
park in 1964. Percentage of animal with different range of inbreeding coefficient was classified based on their
normal and white body coat colour. The correlation values between sex, colour and inbreeding coefficient with
mortality were also estimated. The colour and inbreeding coefficient was found to be significantly (p<0.05)
correlated with the mortality. The inbreeding was found to be significant (p<0.05) with white colour of tiger
Molecular Cloning, Expression and Characterization of Para Flagellar Rod Protein 1 of Trypanosoma evansi
Background: Antigenic variation allows the trypanosomes to evade the potentially destructive host immune response and is an important reason for failure to develop a protective vaccine. Among the non-variant structural proteins, paraflagellar rod protein (PFR) is a prospective vaccine target owing to its role in the active movement of the parasite.
Methods: The PFR1 gene was cloned in pET-32a expression vector and after confirmation by restriction digestion, expressed as a Histidine-tagged fusion protein, in BL21 DE3 strain of E. coli. The expressed protein was affinity purified and then renatured. The immunoreactivity of the expressed recombinant protein was shown by western blot analysis using the specific serum. The experiment was carried out during 2013-14 at Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, U.P., India.
Results: The results of sequencing, restriction digestion analysis, and PCR reaction revealed that cloning of PFR1 gene in pET-32a expression vector and the results of SDS PAGE and Western blot further confirmed its homogeneity and purity. The in silico Te-PFR1 (T. evansi PFR1) nucleotides sequence analysis revealed its close homology with the other members of the order Kinetoplastida.
Conclusion: We report here the molecular cloning, heterologous expression, and characterization of PFR1, a constituent protein of PFR. Due to its conserved nature, the PFR1 protein could be a prospective vaccine target against multiple Trypanosoma species
COMPARATIVE IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF ATP1A3 GENE IN MAMMALS
Progress in the field of bioinformatics is useful to understand the global network of genes and their protein
products. Genetic variants of the ATP1A3 gene have been suggested to be involved in the salt hypertension and feed
intake, all of which may evidently affect heat production, heat loss and water mineral balance. In the present study,
comparative analysis of ATP1A3 (ATPase Na+/K+ Transporting Subunit Alpha 3) proteins of different livestock species
were carried out using bioinformatics tools. The results of this study indicate that most of physico-chemical properties
were almost same in pig and cat. The global network analysis of ATP1A3 gene by, STRING 10 tool speculated its interaction
with several other proteins like - ATP1A1, ATP1A2, ATP1A4, ATP1B1, ATP1B3, FXYD2 in different livestock species
having high confidence score. The strong interaction was seen between ATP1B1 and ATP1A3 with a high score in pig.
Molecular docking between ATP1A3 and ATP1B1 of pig has been carried out. Conserved region was present in all the
nine studied different livestock species protein sequences despite speciation due to evolution. The present study will
further support to understand the role of associated proteins in various cellular pathways in cattle. This work is also
useful for the study of structural and functional analysis of ATP1A3 protein
Application of Molecular Tools for Gut Health of Pet Animals: A Review
Gut health is an important facet of well being of pet animals; it is in this context, various nutritional and biotechnological approaches have been proposed to manipulate the gut health by specifically targeting the colonic microbiota. Nutritional approaches include supplementation of antioxidants and phytochemicals like flavonoids, isoflavonoids and carotenoids. Biotechnological approaches include supplementation of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics in the diet and potential application of molecular tools like fluorescent in situ hybridization, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, quantitative dot blot hybridization, and restriction fragment length polymorphism etc. in studying the fecal microbiota composition. Post-genomic and related technologies, i.e. genomics, nutrigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and epigenomics in the study of gastrointestinal tract also put forward challenges for nutritionists and microbiologists to elucidate the complex interactions between gut microbiota and host
GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF PROLIFIC GENES IN GOAT - A BRIEF REVIEW
Animal geneticists’ unvarying endeavor to maximize profit from livestock can be achieved by improving the
genetic potential using appropriate selection methods. Genetic selection is an important tool for gaining maximum benefit
from livestock. The improved reproductive efficiency and increased fertility rate of animal will ultimately pave the way
for economic benefit of farmers. However, improvement of reproductive traits through selection is usually difficult to
accomplish due to low heritability of traits. Therefore, immense efforts are being made to search some of major genes that
would influence fecundity of animal. In this present context we focus on various SNPs of prolific genes associated with
prolificacy in goat
Descriptive statistics and normality tests for statistical data
Descriptive statistics are an important part of biomedical research which is used to describe the basic features of the data in the study. They provide simple summaries about the sample and the measures. Measures of the central tendency and dispersion are used to describe the quantitative data. For the continuous data, test of the normality is an important step for deciding the measures of central tendency and statistical methods for data analysis. When our data follow normal distribution, parametric tests otherwise nonparametric methods are used to compare the groups. There are different methods used to test the normality of data, including numerical and visual methods, and each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. In the present study, we have discussed the summary measures and methods used to test the normality of the data