Universal primers for HBV genome DNA amplification across subtypes: a case study for designing more effective viral primers-3

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Universal primers for HBV genome DNA amplification across subtypes: a case study for designing more effective viral primers"</p><p>http://www.virologyj.com/content/4/1/92</p><p>Virology Journal 2007;4():92-92.</p><p>Published online 24 Sep 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2099425.</p><p></p>leotide, otherwise outputs a '-'. The cutoff was set to (0.05, 1), and the step length is 0.05. The frequency is listed in the left box and the nucleotides are in the right box

Universal primers for HBV genome DNA amplification across subtypes: a case study for designing more effective viral primers-2

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Universal primers for HBV genome DNA amplification across subtypes: a case study for designing more effective viral primers"</p><p>http://www.virologyj.com/content/4/1/92</p><p>Virology Journal 2007;4():92-92.</p><p>Published online 24 Sep 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2099425.</p><p></p>mplicon size: 1059 bp), FA1-L/FA1-L' and FA1-R (amplicon size: 1014 bp), FA4-L/FA4-L' and FA4-R (amplicon size: 1072 bp), FA2-L and FA2-R (amplicon size: 1074 bp) primer pairs respectively. Sample 3~7 are for full length genome amplification primers (WA-L and WA-R) testing (amplicon size: 3181 bp)

Universal primers for HBV genome DNA amplification across subtypes: a case study for designing more effective viral primers-1

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Universal primers for HBV genome DNA amplification across subtypes: a case study for designing more effective viral primers"</p><p>http://www.virologyj.com/content/4/1/92</p><p>Virology Journal 2007;4():92-92.</p><p>Published online 24 Sep 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2099425.</p><p></p>1059 bp), FA4-L/FA4-L' and FA4-R (amplicon size: 1072 bp) in red arrows represent the four sets of walking primers for fragment amplification. Here we select "CTTTTTC" of X ORF as the start point. FA1-L' and FA4-L' are degenerate primers

Universal primers for HBV genome DNA amplification across subtypes: a case study for designing more effective viral primers-0

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Universal primers for HBV genome DNA amplification across subtypes: a case study for designing more effective viral primers"</p><p>http://www.virologyj.com/content/4/1/92</p><p>Virology Journal 2007;4():92-92.</p><p>Published online 24 Sep 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2099425.</p><p></p>leotide, otherwise outputs a '-'. The cutoff was set to (0.05, 1), and the step length is 0.05. The frequency is listed in the left box and the nucleotides are in the right box

ALDH^high-CD8+ T treatment inhibits subcutaneous tumor growth.

<p>(A) The treatment scheme. (B) The tumor sizes of the mice treated with ALDH^high-CD8+ T cells were much smaller than the tumors of mice treated with PBS, H-CD8+ T, or ALDH^low-CD8+ T cells.</p

The identification of ALDH^high cells from the human non-small cell lung cancer cells and primary tumor cells.

<p>ALDEFLUOR was used as a single marker to identify the ALDH^high cells from the H460 cell line (A) and freshly harvested tumor cells (B). Tumor cells incubated with both ALDH and DEAB were used as a negative control.</p

ALDH^high-CD8+ T treatment prolongs the overall survival of the tumor-bearing mice.

<p>The mice treated with ALDH^high-CD8+ T cells survived much longer than the mice treated with PBS, H-CD8+ T, or ALDH^low-CD8+ T cells.</p

Cytotoxicities of effect T cells against cancer stem cells and tumor cells.

<p>The killing was measured by an LDH release assay as described in the <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0103193#s2" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>. Higher % of cytotoxicity means more cell lysis. (<b>A</b>) Cytotoxicities of CSCs mediated by the H-T, ALDH^low-T and ALDH^high-T are shown. (<b>B</b>) Cytotoxicities of unsorted H460 cells mediated by the H-T, ALDH^low-T and ALDH^high-T are shown. (C) ALDH^high-T could kill much more CSCs than unsorted tumor cells.</p

Tumorigenicity of the ALDH^high and ALDH^low H460 cells.

<p>An equal number of ALDH^high and ALDH^low cells were inoculated into the opposite flanks of the same individuals. The sizes of the tumors were measured 3 times per week. (A) The tumor sizes of mice subjected to ALDH^high H460 cells were much more larger than the ALDH^low H460 cells. (B–C) show the representative tumor growth curves from 3 different mice.</p

Comparison among BrdU labeling, Flow Cytometry and SiLAD to check cell cycle stage.

<p>Black line a means only to determine the cell cycle phase roughly. Curve line b means detecting the specific time point exactly. BrdU L is stands for the BrdU labeling and FCM is Flow Cytometry.</p