Relação entre adolescentes obesos sedentários com e sem esteatose hepática e a composição corporal de seus pais

Introduction: Obesity is a disease in which its prevalence has increased significantly in recent decades and is considered a major public health problem and a global epidemic. Obesity is associated with important metabolic consequences, dependent on the duration and severity, as changes in lipid and glucose metabolism in blood pressure and the development of non-alcoholic fatty disease. Its evolution process can be anything from a fatty infiltration of the liver steatosis (HS), through an inflammatory process (steatohepatitis), fibrosis, and may also trigger cirrhosis and even liver cancer in. Recent studies suggest that parental BMI whose children are overweight is greater than the BMI of parents of children with normal weight. Objective: To analyze the relationship between sedentary obese adolescents with and without hepatic steatosis and body composition of their parents. Methods: The sample consisted of 65 parents and adolescents, and of these 43 adolescents had no hepatic steatosis and 19 had the EH. All adolescents were characterized as obese by body mass index, according to age and gender. Anthropometric measurements of weight, height and waist circumference were held. The body fat percentage of children was measured by x-ray absorptiometry dual energy absorptiometry (DEXA) and performed the median, above the median were considered abnormal (1) and below the median was considered normal (0). For the diagnosis of EH was conducted ultrasound in the upper abdomen, done by a radiologist. Results: We dichotomized the DC variables and BMI of the parents according to the cutoff points were classified as amended. After the binarylogistic regression was found consistent with the changes of parents of children with EH, ie, the BMI of adolescents with EH, the greater the CC (p = 0.015) and BMI (p = 0.036) of their parents. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that parents of obese sedentary adolescents who have DGNAF have high value of BMI and WC in comparison to their peers away from the disease.Introdução: A obesidade é uma doença no qual sua prevalência tem aumentado de forma significativa nas últimas décadas, sendo considerada um dos principais problemas de saúde pública e uma epidemia global. A obesidade está relacionada a importantes repercussões metabólicas, dependentes de sua duração e de sua gravidade, como as alterações no metabolismo lipídico e glicídico na pressão arterial e ao desenvolvimento da doença gordurosa não-alcoolica. Seu processo de evolução pode ser desde uma infiltração de gordura no fígado esteatose hepática (EH), passando por um processo inflamatório (esteatoepatite), fibrose, podendo, ainda, desencadear em cirrose e até mesmo, em câncer hepático. Estudos recentes sugerem que o IMC dos pais cujos filhos apresentam excesso de peso é maior do que o IMC de pais de crianças com peso normal Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre adolescentes obesos sedentários com e sem esteatose hepática e a composição corporal de seus pais. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 65 pais e adolescentes, sendo que destes 43 adolescentes não tinham a esteatose hepática e 19 tinham a EH. Todos os adolescentes foram caracterizados como obesos por meio do índice de massa corporal, de acordo com faixa etária e gênero. Foram realizadas medidas antropométricas de peso, estatura e circunferência de cintura. O percentual de gordura corporal dos filhos foi mensurado por meio de absorptiometria de raios-x de dupla energia (DEXA) e realizado a mediana, acima da mediana foi considerado alterado (1) e abaixo da mediana foi considerado normal (0). Para o diagnóstico da EH foi realizado ultrassom na região superior do abdômen, feito por um médico radiologista. Resultados: Foram dicotomizadas as variáveis de CC e IMC dos pais que de acordo com os pontos de corte foram classificados como alterados. Após a regressão logística binária encontrou-se concordância com as alterações dos pais de filhos com EH, ou seja, quanto maior IMC dos adolescentes com EH, maior a CC (p=0,015) e o IMC (p=0,036) de seus pais. Conclusão: De acordo com os resultados encontrados, pode se concluir que os pais de adolescentes sedentários obesos que apresentam DGNAF possuem alto valor de IMC e CC em comparação aos seus pares ausentes da doença.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Macronutrient intake is correlated with dyslipidemia and low-grade inflammation in childhood obesity but mostly in male obese

Condition of hypoxia caused by hypertrophy of adipose cells in obesity triggers macrophages recruitment and production of cytokines. Additionally, high consumption of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and high glycemic index meals may contribute to oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation by increases NF-kB activation. Thus, the aim of the study was to analyze the contribution of the macronutrients intake in the metabolic and inflammatory profile, by levels of lipoproteins, insulin resistance, anti and pro inflammatory cytokines, in obese adolescents according the gender. sample was composed by 37 adolescents, both genders, identified as obese by body mass index (BMI). Body composition was assessed by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and measures of intra-abdominal adiposity (IAAT) and subcutaneous adiposity tissue (SAT) were done by ultrasound. Biochemical analyses were done and the measurement of cytokines; fatty acids and insulin were performed by the technique of immunoassay ELISA. The estimation of macronutrients consumption was made by 3 day food register regarding food intake. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 5% and the statistical software SPSS version 17.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL) performed all analyses. BMI (p = 0.316), FM (p = 0.416), IAAT (p = 0.505) and SAT (p = 0.935) presented similarities between genders. Cytokines and metabolic variables values were similar between the groups. Only in the male group, metabolic variables and cytokines were significant correlated with the consumption of total lipids or its fractions. Was observed that insulin concentration had significant interaction with MUFA(g) (= -18.4; p = 0.004) and adiponectin with CHO(g) (= -58.2; p = 0.032) in the group male and female, respectively. macronutrients intake is associated with low-grade inflammation in obesity, by production of inflammatory cytokines and alteration of the lipid profile, especially male obese adolescents which seem to be more responsive of this consumption when compared with female obese adolescents

Can hepatic steatosis compromise the effect of physical exercise on body composition in obese children and adolescents?

Physical exercise is one of the forms of prevention and treatment of obesity and associated diseases such as hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to analyze whether hepatic steatosis interferes in the effect of physical exercise on the body composition of obese children and adolescents. The sample consists of 40 obese individuals, 13 children (8.17±1.33 years) and 27 adolescents (12.28±1.36 years). Total and segmental body composition was estimated by DEXA. Anthropometric measurements were performed, as well as ultrasound examination of the liver to measure intra-abdominal and subcutaneous fat, and to diagnose hepatic steatosis (HS). The intervention consisted of 20 weeks, with recreational/competitive activities being applied to children and, for adolescents, concurrent training (aerobic and resistance). The Levene’s, repeated-measures ANOVA and effect size tests (ES) by Eta-Squared were performed. It was observed that, although not statistically significant, analyzing the effect size, physical activity in both children (body fat ES effect time= 0.210 and ES effect group= 0.208; fat mass ES effect group = 0.338; fat android ES effect Interaction= 0.267), and adolescents (intra-abdominal fat ES effect group = 0.230) regardless of whether or not HS was effective in reducing body fat. Therefore, exercise was effective in improving the body composition of obese children and adolescents, regardless of HS