5,350 research outputs found
Lifetime reduction of surface states at Cu, Ag and Au(111) caused by impurity scattering
We present density-functional results on the lifetime of the (111) surface
state of the noble metals. We consider scattering on the Fermi surface caused
by impurity atoms belonging to the 3d and 4sp series. The results are analyzed
with respect to film thickness and with respect to separation of scattering
into bulk or into surface states. While for impurities in the surface layer the
overall trends are similar to the long-known bulk-state scattering, for
adatom-induced scattering we find a surprising behavior with respect to the
adatom atomic number. A plateau emerges in the scattering rate of the 3d
adatoms, instead of a peak characteristic of the d resonance. Additionally, the
scattering rate of 4sp adatoms changes in a zig-zag pattern, contrary to a
smooth parabolic increase following Linde's rule that is observed in bulk. We
interpret these results in terms of the weaker charge-screening and of
interference effects induced by the lowering of symmetry at the surface
La Relation entre Mobilisation Collective, Engagement Multiple et Intention de Quitter des Consultants. Le cas d’une SSII
Major companies in the IT sector are facing a big problem and the question is to know how to retain professional consultants operate while ensuring that they are mobilized for collective action ? The objective of this study is based on the relationship bet ween multiple commitment, collective mobilization and intention to leave
A relativistic model for neutrino pion production from nuclei in the resonance region
We present a relativistic model for electroweak pion production from nuclei,
focusing on the and the second resonance region. Bound states are
derived in the Hartree approximation to the Walecka model.
Final-state interactions of the outgoing pion and nucleon are described in a
factorized way by means of a relativistic extension of the Glauber model. Our
formalism allows a detailed study of neutrino pion production through ,
, energy, angle and out-of-plane distributions.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure, poster presented at the NuInt07 conference on
few-GeV neutrino physic
Final state interaction effects in neutrino-nucleus quasielastic scattering
We consider the charged-current quasielastic scattering of muon neutrinos on
an Oxygen 16 target, described within a relativistic shell model and, for
comparison, the relativistic Fermi gas. Final state interactions are described
in the distorted wave impulse approximation, using both a relativistic mean
field potential and a relativistic optical potential, with and without
imaginary part. We present results for inclusive cross sections at fixed
neutrino energies in the range 200 MeV - 1 GeV, showing that final
state interaction effects can remain sizable even at large energies.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures; poster session of the Third International
Workshop on Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions in the Few GeV Region (NuInt04),
Gran Sasso (Italy), March 17-21, 2004; to appear in the proceeding
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Charge distribution and electroluminescence in cross-linked polyethylene under dc field
The intent of this paper is to cross-correlate the information obtained by space charge distribution analysis and electroluminescence (EL) detection in cross-linked polyethylene samples submitted to dc fields, with the objective to make a link between space charge phenomena and energy release as revealed by the detection of visible photons. Space charge measurements carried out at different field levels by the pulsed electro-acoustic method show the presence of a low-field threshold, close to 15-20 kV mm-1, above which considerable space charge begins to accumulate in the insulation. Charges are seen to cross the insulation thickness through a packet-like behaviour at higher fields, starting at about 60-70 kV mm-1. EL measurements show the existence of two distinct thresholds, one related to the continuous excitation of EL under voltage, the other being transient EL detected upon specimen short circuit. The former occurs at values of field corresponding to charge packet formation and the latter to the onset of space charge accumulation. The correspondence between pertinent values of the electric field obtained through space charge and EL analyses provides support for the existence of degradation thresholds in insulating materials. Special emphasis is given to the relationship between charge packet formation and propagation, and EL. Although the two phenomena are observed in the same field range, it is found that the onset of continuous EL follows the formation at the electrodes of positive and negative space charge regions that extend into the bulk prior to the propagation of charge packets. Charge recombination appears to be the excitation process of EL since oppositely charged domains meet in the material bulk. To gain an insight into specific light-excitation processes associated with charge packet propagation, EL has been recorded for several hours under fields at which charge packet dynamics were evidenced. It is shown that current and luminescence oscillations are detected during charge packet propagation, and that they are in phase. The mechanisms underlying EL and charge packets are further considered on the basis of these results
Control technology for future aircraft propulsion systems
The need for a more sophisticated engine control system is discussed. The improvements in better thrust-to-weight ratios demand the manipulation of more control inputs. New technological solutions to the engine control problem are practiced. The digital electronic engine control (DEEC) system is a step in the evolution to digital electronic engine control. Technology issues are addressed to ensure a growth in confidence in sophisticated electronic controls for aircraft turbine engines. The need of a control system architecture which permits propulsion controls to be functionally integrated with other aircraft systems is established. Areas of technology studied include: (1) control design methodology; (2) improved modeling and simulation methods; and (3) implementation technologies. Objectives, results and future thrusts are summarized
Field-induced structural aging in glasses at ultra low temperatures
In non-equilibrium experiments on the glasses Mylar and BK7, we measured the
excess dielectric response after the temporary application of a strong electric
bias field at mK--temperatures. A model recently developed describes the
observed long time decays qualitatively for Mylar [PRL 90, 105501, S. Ludwig,
P. Nalbach, D. Rosenberg, D. Osheroff], but fails for BK7. In contrast, our
results on both samples can be described by including an additional mechanism
to the mentioned model with temperature independent decay times of the excess
dielectric response. As the origin of this novel process beyond the "tunneling
model" we suggest bias field induced structural rearrangements of "tunneling
states" that decay by quantum mechanical tunneling.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted at PRL, corrected typos in version
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